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Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Progressive Present Perfect Emphasizes 1) the result, 2) a completed action, and 3) amounts and numbers. 1. I have finished the report. 2. I have worked all morning. (Now I’m resting.) 3. I’ve been to Cannes 5 times. Present Perfect Progressive Emphasizes 1) the action, 2) an action that is still going on, and 3) how long something has been going on. 1. I’ve been singing all my life. 2. I have been working here since February. 3. I’ve been studying English for 12 years. Most verbs are dynamic, or action verbs. They follow this rule: The present perfect is used when the action is finished (result). I have seen the movie. = I’m not still watching it right now The present perfect progressive is used when the action is still happening. I have been working there for years. = I still work there. These 2 verb forms can also communicate continuity. Look at the following sentences. I have lived in Nova Scotia for 20 years. The total is 20, but they may not have been continuous years – 1980­1985, 1987­1997, and 2004­2009. I have been living in Halifax for 12 years. This sentence stresses continuity, no break. Unfortunately, in informal speech, English speakers will use present perfect (instead of the present perfect progressive) out of laziness when the context makes the question of whether the action is still happening is clear: Consider this: Hi, Susan. Long time, no see. Where do you work nowadays? I work at the Castle in Cologne. Oh yeah? For how long? I’ve worked there since October. ß Context makes the progressive tense unnecessary.
G
This means exactly the same as àI’ve been working there since October. Now, consider this: Welcome to Deutschland Marking International, Susan. What’s your work experience? Well, I have worked for two years at a marketing company down the street from here.
If you STRESS the auxiliary (have), then we know you do not work down the street any more. Well, I’ve worked for two years at a marketing company down the street from here. G
This sounds like you might still work there, but it could mean your work there is over. It’s ambiguous. The idea of continuity is broken. Well, I’ve been working at a marketing company down the street from here for two years. G
This means you definitely still work there; it’s not ambiguous.
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