Download What is Prostate Cancer?

Ambassador Program Presentation
Prevention & Early Detection
PROSTATE CANCER
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What we’ll cover today
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The Prostate
What can go wrong with the prostate
Prostate Cancer
How PCFA can help
Prostate related health promotion activities
Note: PCFA Ambassadors are not able to give medical advice
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
PCFA – an overview
Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia (PCFA) is the peak national
body for prostate cancer in Australia.
PCFA are dedicated to reducing the impact of prostate cancer on
Australian men, their partners, families and the wider community.
By:
• Promoting and funding research
• Implementing awareness campaigns and education programs
• Supporting men and their families through information and
resources, support groups and Prostate Cancer Specialist Nurses
© PCFA 2013
PROSTATE
CANCER
MYTHS
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
The Prostate
• Small gland – size of a walnut
• Sits beneath the bladder
• Doughnut shaped surrounds the
urethra
• Produces fluid which provides a
healthy environment for sperm
Prostate Gland
© PCFA 2013
Bladder
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What can go wrong with the prostate?
• Prostatitis
o Infection or inflammation that is usually not life
threatening but may impact quality of life
• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia – BPH
o An enlarged prostate (common in older men) which may
result in lower urinary tract symptoms
• Prostate Cancer – some prostate cancers left alone cause
no or few problems. Others are more aggressive and have
few symptoms
Module 1
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Possible symptoms
• Slow flow
• Hesitancy: difficulty starting flow of urine
• Frequency: need to urinate more frequently
• Nocturia: need to urinate more frequently during the night
• Urgency: urgent need to urinate
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What is Prostate Cancer?
• Occurs when prostate cells grow
out of control
• Prostate cancer cells can remain
contained in the prostate or move
out of the prostate
• Metastasis is when cancer cells
move out into the body
• Prostate cancer can often be
treated if identified early
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer Statistics
1 in 7 Men will be diagnosed by age 75
1 in 4 Men will be diagnosed by age 85
Second most common cause of cancer deaths
– around 9 men die each day from the disease
For patients with localised disease around 93%
will live beyond five years of diagnosis
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Should I get my prostate checked?
50+
From age 50 onwards, discuss having a prostate
check up with your doctor
40+
If there is a family history of prostate cancer, then a
check up should form part of your general checkup
from age 40
Anytime you experience any urinary symptoms
you should have a check up
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What are the risk factors?
Age
The older a man is the more likely he is to be
diagnosed with prostate cancer
Men
All persons born a man have a prostate
gland
Family
History
A man with a father or brother who
developed prostate cancer is three times as
likely to develop the disease.
Ethnicity
Increased in black
African males
Lifestyle
© PCFA 2013
Poor diet and lack of
exercise
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What prostate checks are available?
Blood Test
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
These are
performed by
your GP
Physical Examination
Digital Rectal Exam
(DRE)
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Why Some Men Don’t Talk to their Doctor
About a Prostate Check?
• Social pressure for men to be tough
• Men visit doctors less than women
• Men are often embarrassed to discuss their health
issues
• 25% of men didn’t visit a doctor in the past twelve
months
Ask your doctor about doing a
prostate check
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Some Men Choose Not to be Tested – Why?
• False positive readings to PSA
• Biopsy
• Biopsy side effects - bleeding and infection
• Some cancers may be missed
• Concerns about unnecessary treatment
Be advised by your doctor
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What might happen next?
Abnormal PSA or
Physical Exam
Referral to Urologist
No
Cancer
Non Life
threatening
Significant
Cancer
Abnormal blood test or physical
examination does not automatically
indicate cancer
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
What if it is cancer?
Health
Care
Team
Cancer
Grade
Cancer
Stage
© PCFA 2013
T1 or
T2
Low
Grade
Discuss
options for
treatment
High
Grade
T3 or
T4
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Health & Wellbeing Activities
• Eat a balanced diet
• Look after your
mental & emotional
wellbeing
• Do some physical
activity
• Limit alcohol
consumption
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
How can PCFA help?
PCFA offers
• Information
• Support materials
• Affiliated support groups across Australia
www.prostate.org.au
Freecall 1800 220 099
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Support Groups
How To Find Them
www.prostate.org.au
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
TAKE ACTION
TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT
YOUR PROSTATE
WHAT IS STOPPING YOU?
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
References
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). ACIM (Australian Cancer Incidence and
Mortality) Books. AIHW: Canberra.
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2012. Cancer incidence projections: Australia,
2011 to 2020. Cancer Series no. 66. Cat. No. CAN 62. Canberra: AIHW.
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare & Australasian Association of Cancer Registries
2010. Cancer in Australia: an overview, 2010. Cancer series no. 60. Cat. no. CAN 56.
Canberra: AIHW.
• Australian Government. Medicare Australia statistics: Medicare Benefits Schedule Item
66655. Available from https://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/statistics/mbs_item.shtml,
accessed April 2012
© PCFA 2013
PCFA Ambassador Program
Prevention & Early Detection in Prostate Cancer
Other Resources
beyondblue: the national depression initiative
beyondblue.org.au 1300 22 4636
Healthshare Australia’s interactive health network
healthshare.com.au
Continence Foundation of Australia
continence.org.au 1800 33 00 66
MindHealthConnect
mindhealthconnect.org.au
This Way Up, online treatment, education and research in anxiety and depression
thiswayup.org.au
The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating
health.gov.au
Andrology Australia
andrologyaustralia.org
Urological Society of Australia & New Zealand
usanz.org.au
© PCFA 2013
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