Download Tomato chlorosis crinivirus (a new tomato virus transmitted by

Tomato chlorosis crinivirus (a new tomato virus transmitted by whiteflies)
Why
Tomato chlorosis crinivirus came to our attention because it has been reported as a new
tomato virus transmitted by whiteflies in USA since 1989.
Where
Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Louisiana (US). Identified in 2000 in Spain (probably
present since 1997 - it also occurs in Islas Baleares and Canarias) and in Algarve in
Portugal (symptoms were first seen in 1998). In 2001, reported in Puerto Rico. Found
during winter 2000/2001 in glasshouse tomato crops in Italy (Sardegna, Sicilia and Puglia);
but so far on a limited number of samples. First found in Morocco in 2000, in Souss Valley.
Reported in South Africa and Taiwan. Found in 2001 in Greece (including Crete). In
France, isolated outbreaks were found in 2002, and are currently under eradication.
On which plants
Glasshouse tomatoes. Natural infections on Capsicum annunum have been found in Spain.
It can also infect ornamentals (e.g. Zinnia). In Algarve, two common weed species Datura
stramonium and Solanum nigrum were identified as natural hosts of the virus.
Damage
Irregular chlorotic mottling, interveinal yellow areas on leaves. Similar symptoms as
Tomato infectious chlorosis crinivirus.
Possible identity
Crinivirus transmitted by T. vaporariorum, Bemisia tabaci biotypes A and B, and T.
abutilonea.
Pathway
Tomato plants for planting (vegetables?) from USA.
Possible risks
Tomatoes are important for the EPPO region (under glass and outdoors). Insect vectors are
present and widespread. [N.B. This virus is covered by the broad EU category 'viruses
transmitted by Bemisia tabaci', but not by EPPO].
Source(s)
Acotto, G.P.; Vaira, A.M.; Vecchiati, M.; Finetti Sialer, M.M.; Gallitelli, D.; Davino, M. (2001) First report of
Tomato chlorosis virus in Italy. Plant Disease, 85(11), p 1208.
Anonymous (2000) Canary Islands results. EWSN Newsletter, no. 3, p 2.
Anonymous (2002) Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Où l’on reparle du TYLCV sur tomate. Phytoma – La Défense
des Végétaux, n° 553, p 5.
Anonymous (2002) Arrêté du 8 juillet 2002 relatif à la lutte contre les virus Tomato yellow leaf curl begomovirus
(TYLCV), Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder crinivirus (CYSDV), Tomato chlorosis crinivirus (ToCV), Tomato
infectious chlorosis crinivirus (TICV) et Cucumber vein yellowing ipomovirus. Journal Officiel, no. 168, 20
juillet 2002, p 12149.
Decoin, M. (2003) Tomates et concombres, gare aux nouveaux virus. A propos de cinq organismes ‘à lutte
obligatoire’. Phytoma – La Défense des Végétaux, n° 558, 27-29.
Dovas, C.I.; Katis, N.I.; Avgelis, A.V. (2002) Multiplex detection of criniviruses associated with epidemics of a
yellowing disease of tomato in Greece. Plant Disease, 86(12), 1345-1349.
Font, I.M.; Juárez, M.; Martínez, O.; Jordá, C. (2004) Current status and newly discovered hosts of Tomato
infectious chlorosis virus and Tomato chlorosis virus in Spain. Plant Disease, 88(1), p 82.
Font, M.I.; Vaira, A.M.; Accotto, G.P.; Lacasa, A.; Serra, J.; Gomila, J.; Juárez, M.; Espino, A.I.; Jordá, M.C.
(2003) Amarilleos en los cultivos de tomate asociados a Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) y Tomato infectious
chlorosis virus (TICV) en España. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal, Plagas, 29(1), 110-121.
Hanafi, A. (2002) Invasive species: a real challenge to IPM in the Mediterranean region ? EWSN Newsletter, no.
13, May 2002, p 4.
Jones, D.R. (2001) Draft data sheet on Tomato chlorosis virus, CSL, UK.
Liu, H.-Y.; Wisler, G.C.; Duffus, J.E. (2000) Particle lengths of whitefly-transmitted criniviruses. Plant Disease,
84(7), 803-805.
Louro, D.; Accotto, G.P.; Vaira, A.M. (2000) Occurrence and diagnosis of tomato chlorosis virus in Portugal.
European Journal of Plant Pathology, 106(6), 589-592.
Lozano, G.; Moriones, E.; Navas-Castillo, J. (2004) First report of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) as a natural
host plant for Tomato chlorosis virus. Plant Disease, 88(2), p 224
Navas-Castillo, J.; Moriones, E. (2000) ToCV: a new threat to European horticulture. EWSN Newsletter, no. 03,
coordinated by Dr Ian D. Bedford, Dr Michael de Courcy Williams, 4 pp.
Tsai, W.S.; Shih, S.L.; Green, S.K.; Hanson, P.; Liu, H.Y. (2004) First report of the occurrence of Tomato
chlorosis virus and Tomato infectious chlorosis virus in Taiwan. Plant Disease, 88(3), p 311.
Wintermantel, W.M.; Polston, J.E.; Paoli, E.R. (2001) First report of Tomato chlorosis virus in Puerto Rico. Plant
Disease, 85(2), p 228.
Wisler, G.C.; Duffus, J.E.; Liu, H.-Y.; Li, R.H. (1998) Ecology and epidemiology of whitefly-transmitted
closteroviruses. Plant Disease, 82(3), 270-279.
Wisler, G.C.; Li, R.H.; Liu, H.Y.; Lowry, D.S.; Duffus, J.E. (1998) Tomato chlorosis virus: a new whiteflytransmitted, phloem-limited, bipartite closterovirus of tomato. Phytopathology, 88(5), 402-409.
NPPO of Italy, 2002-05
NPPO of Portugal, 2002-04
EPPO RS 98/085, 98/210, 2000/079, 2000/154, 2000/173, 2001/027, 2001/058, 2001/194, 2002/079, 2002/080, 2003/027, 2003/028,
2003/150, 2004/035, 2004/036, 2004/083
Panel review date
2004-03
Entry date 1998-05