Download Maths symbols

I_ Arithmetic symbols
II_ Plus and minus
III_ Multiplication
IV_ Symbols of Logic
V_ Union and Intersection
Time line of mathematics symbols
ab for
1460 multiplication
a*b for a x b
and a ÷ b
1631 by Rahn
1698
+ and –
1544
(addition and
substraction)
by Widmann
+ and –
1659
(signs) and
a x b by
Oughtred
a.b for a x b and
a:b for a ÷ b by
Leibniz
By Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal…
Arithmetic Symbols

 Arithmetic is the oldest and most
elementary branch of
mathematics, used by almost
everyone, for tasks ranging from
simple day-to-day counting to
advanced science and business
calculations.
By Charlotte and Célia…
+&

The plus and minus signs (+ and -)
are mathematical symbols used to
represent the notions of positive and
negative as well as the operations of
addition and subtraction.
History

Johannes Widmann
1460-1498
Robert Recorde
1510-1558
François Viete
1540-1603
And from these dates, plus and
minus are used for all additions and
substractions
but also for negative and positive numbers.
a-b=c
-b+a=c
By Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal…

Multiplication is the third
basic operation of arithmetic.
 ‘’ a × b or a • b or a * b ‘’ All
of them are same meaning.
William Oughtred
(1574 –1660)
•Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
(1646-1716)
Johann
Rahn (16221676)
History of
Multiplication
 Methods of multiplication were
documented in the
 Egyptian,
 Greek,
 Indian
 Chinese
 civilizations.
By Münire Büyükgüllü, Sümeyye Nur Azman, Rita Barrocas…
-LOGIC

Math's logic is considered the
science of reasoning and
demonstration. Logic is especially
important in mathematics and
philosophy, but it is also used on our
daily routine without even noticing.
History of Logical Symbols

George Boole
1815-1864
 A simple statement is one that does not contain any
other statement as a part. We will use the lowercase letters, p, q, r, ..., as symbols for simple
statements.
 Simple statements :
p
‘’p is true’’
~p
‘’p is false’’
assertion
negation
Ex.: p: Sun is a star ( T )
~p: Sun isn’t a star ( F )
In conclusion two denies equals to an affirmation. Ex: ~(~p) = p .
 A truth table is a complete list of the
possible truth values of a statement.
 A truth table is a mathematical table
used in logic specifically in connection
with Boolean algebra, boolean functions,
and propositional calculus.
.

 Compounds and connectives :
By Begüm Sarıdede and Şeyma Edizarslan…
George Cantor
1845-1918
John Venn
1834-1923
VENN DIAGRAMS
UNION
The union of two sets is the set of elements which
are in either set.
Examples:
{1, 2} ∪ {red, purple} ={1, 2, red,
purple}
{1, 2, green} ∪ {red, purple, green}
={1, 2, red, purple, green}
{1, 2} ∪ {1, 2} = {1, 2}
For Example:
A=(1,2,3) and B=(3,4,5)
AUB=(1,2,3,4,5)
INTERSECTION
The intersection of two sets is the set of elements
which are in both sets.
Examples:
{1, 2} ∩ {red, purple} =
∅
{1, 2, green} ∩ {red, purple,
green} = {green}
{1, 2} ∩ {1, 2} = {1, 2}
For Example:
A=(1,2,3) and B=(3,4,5)
A∩B=(3)
You can have more information
about Arithmetic Symbols in :
• Plus and minus made by Charlotte Laurent and Célia LopesBernier
• Multiplication and Arithmetics Symbols made by Eda Bayrak
and Ezgi Koçal.
• Symbol of Logic made by Münire Büyükgüllü, Sümeyye Nur
Azman, Rita Barrocas.
• Union and intersection by Begüm Sarıdede and Şeyma
Edizarslan.