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Chapter 11 Review with Answer Key
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. ____ is the transfer of energy in the form of rays or waves.
a. Conduction
c. Radiation
b. Convection
d. Condensation
2. ____ is the transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material.
a. Radiation
c. Convection
b. Conduction
d. Condensation
3. Sea and land breezes are caused because ____.
a. the land heats and cools more slowly than the water
b. the land heats and cools more quickly than the water
c. air moves more easily over water than over land
d. air moves more easily over land than over water
4. In general, atmospheric pressure is greatest near Earth's surface and ____ as you move upward away from sea
level.
a. decreases
c. stays the same
b. increases
d. doubles
5. The ____ is the source of all energy in our atmosphere.
a. Sun
c. Moon
b. water cycle
d. Coriolis effect
6. There is little wind in the doldrums because the air ____.
a. is moving down
b. expands, creating a zone of low pressure
c. moves westward
d. is motionless
7. The ____ blends into outer space.
a. troposphere
c. mesosphere
b. stratosphere
d. exosphere
8. The ____ is caused by the Earth's rotation.
a. jet stream
c. sea breeze
b. Coriolis effect
d. land breeze
9. Temperatures in the thermosphere and exosphere are ____.
a. hot and cold
c. very cold
b. constantly changing
d. very warm
10. There are ____ molecules of air at high elevations, so air pressure is less.
a. fewer
c. more
b. the same number of
d. no
11. The transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another is called ____.
a. radiation
c. convection
b. conduction
d. condensation
12. The ____ is the layer of the atmosphere nearest to Earth's surface.
a. exosphere
c. stratosphere
b. troposphere
d. ionosphere
13. The ____ are responsible for the movement of much of the weather across the United States and Canada.
a. prevailing westerlies
c. trade winds
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____ 27.
____ 28.
b. polar easterlies
d. doldrums
The air above the ____ rises because it has low density and low pressure.
a. north pole
c. equator
b. south pole
d. arctic circle
Reflection and absorption by the atmosphere prevent some ____ from reaching Earth's surface.
a. ozone
c. nitrogen
b. radiation
d. oxygen
Cold air has more molecules occupying a cubic centimeter of space than warm air; therefore, it has ____
pressure.
a. higher
c. the same
b. lower
d. half the
When Earth receives energy from the Sun, ____.
a. some energy is reflected back into space
b. some is absorbed by the atmosphere
c. some is absorbed by land and water on Earth's surface
d. all of the above
When cool, dense air from over the water flows inland, it's called a ____.
a. land breeze
c. jet stream
b. polar easterly
d. sea breeze
The ____ contains the highest concentration of ozone.
a. troposphere
c. stratosphere
b. mesosphere
d. exosphere
Steady winds between the equator and 30° latitude north or south are known as the ____.
a. doldrums
c. polar easterlies
b. jet stream
d. trade winds
The flow of air caused by ____ and the Coriolis effect creates distinct wind patterns on Earth's surface.
a. differences in heating
c. magnetic fields
b. the ozone layer
d. the jet streams
If the ozone layer disappeared, life on Earth would be exposed to ____ concentrations of ultraviolet radiation.
a. lower
c. no change in
b. higher
d. none of the above
Not all areas on Earth's surface receive the same amount of radiation because Earth's surface ____.
a. is flat
c. has continents on it
b. is curved
d. is mostly water
The ____ are a windless zone at the equator.
a. doldrums
c. polar easterlies
b. prevailing westerlies
d. jet streams
The process of water vapor changing to a liquid is called ____.
a. evaporation
c. condensation
b. precipitation
d. convection
Chlorofluorocarbons may be harming the ozone layer by ____.
a. adding more ozone molecules
c. destroying ozone molecules
b. blocking ultraviolet radiation
d. destroying oxygen molecules
Air pressure is greatest ____ because there are more molecules of air pushing down from above.
a. at the top of the mountain
c. in the troposphere
b. at sea level
d. in the exosphere
Some scientists hypothesize that Earth's ozone layer is being damaged by ____.
a. ultraviolet radiation
c. plant life on Earth
b. chlorofluorocarbons
d. global warming
____ 29. Air above the equator is heated more than at any other place on Earth because solar rays strike the equator
____.
a. at a 180° angle
c. more directly
b. at a 45° angle
d. none of the above
____ 30. Electrically charged particles are found primarily in the ____.
a. troposphere
c. ionosphere
b. exosphere
d. stratosphere
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. conduction
e.
b. convection
f.
c. nitrogen
g.
d. oxygen
h.
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31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
ozone
radiation
smog
water vapor
transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material
makes up from zero to four percent of the atmosphere
the transfer of energy by rays or waves
a type of pollution
makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere
the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump one another
the most common gas in the atmosphere
a gas made up of three oxygen molecules bonded together that occurs naturally in the upper atmosphere
Completion
Complete each statement.
39. As you go higher in the troposphere, the temperature ____________________.
Figure 15-1
40. In Figure 15-1, cool air is more dense and forces up ____________________ air.
41. Figure 15-1 is an example of heat transfer by ____________________.
42. The breeze in Figure 15-1 occurs because ____________________ heats and cools more quickly than
____________________.
43. Figure 15-1 shows how a(n) ____________________ breeze works.
Short Answer
44. Identify A-D of the water cycle in Figure 15-2. Use the terms precipitation, evaporation, groundwater, and
condensation.
Figure 15-2
45. What do you call all the water on Earth's surface?
Figure 15-3
46. According to Figure 15-3, which gas makes up 21 percent of Earth's atmosphere?
47. In Figure 15-3, which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
Chapter 11 Review with Answer Key
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
STA:
2. ANS:
STA:
3. ANS:
STA:
4. ANS:
STA:
5. ANS:
STA:
6. ANS:
STA:
7. ANS:
STA:
8. ANS:
STA:
9. ANS:
STA:
10. ANS:
STA:
11. ANS:
STA:
12. ANS:
STA:
13. ANS:
STA:
14. ANS:
STA:
15. ANS:
STA:
16. ANS:
STA:
17. ANS:
STA:
18. ANS:
STA:
19. ANS:
STA:
20. ANS:
STA:
21. ANS:
STA:
22. ANS:
C
6-5.5
C
6-5.5
B
6-4.4
A
6-4.1
A
6-4.7
B
6-4.4 | 6-4.9
D
6-4.1
B
6-4.9
D
6-4.1
A
6-4.1
B
6-5.5
B
6-4.1
A
6-4.9
C
6-4.4
B
6-4.7
A
6-4.4
D
6-4.7
D
6-4.4
C
6-4.1
D
6-4.9
A
6-4.4 | 6-4.9
B
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 4/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 8/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 4/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 4/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
STA:
23. ANS:
STA:
24. ANS:
STA:
25. ANS:
STA:
26. ANS:
STA:
27. ANS:
STA:
28. ANS:
STA:
29. ANS:
STA:
30. ANS:
STA:
6-4.1
B
6-4.1
A
6-4.9
C
6-4.2
C
6-4.1
B
6-4.1
B
6-4.1
C
6-4.7
C
6-4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
PTS: 1
40. ANS: warm
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
STA: 6-4.1
PTS: 1
41. ANS: convection
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
STA: 6-4.4 | 6-4.8
PTS: 1
42. ANS: land, water
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
STA: 6-4.8 | 6-5.5
MATCHING
31. ANS:
STA:
32. ANS:
STA:
33. ANS:
STA:
34. ANS:
35. ANS:
STA:
36. ANS:
STA:
37. ANS:
STA:
38. ANS:
STA:
B
6-4.8 | 6-5.5
H
6-4.1
F
6-5.5
G
D
6-4.1
A
6-5.5
C
6-4.1
E
6-4.1
COMPLETION
39. ANS: decreases
PTS: 1
43. ANS: sea
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
STA: 6-4.4
DIF: B
OBJ: 9/3
STA: 6-4.4
SHORT ANSWER
44. ANS:
A. Evaporation B. Condensation C. Precipitation
D. Groundwater
PTS: 1
45. ANS:
the hydrosphere
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/2
STA: 6-4.2
PTS: 1
46. ANS:
oxygen
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/2
STA: 6-4.2
PTS: 1
47. ANS:
nitrogen
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
STA: 6-4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
STA: 6-4.1