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Water, Food and Energy Nexus, Egypt Project director Assignment Nieuwenhuis, Rob (RNs) Study on the Water-Energy-Food security Nexus in Egypt – A challenge for sustainable development Project location Study covered Egypt completely. Project meetings took place in Cairo. Client Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ, Germany) Financing Agency Partners Participation Composition of Team Ministry North South Consultants Exchange (Egypt) As lead firm Euroconsult MottMacDonald BV: Team leader / Generalist; AgroEconomist ; Energy Economist / Sociologist Partner(s): Environmental Engineer & Knowledge Broker; SocioEconomist & Food Security Economist Period of Assignment Continuous or intermittent From 01-Mar-2014 to 21-Jul-2015 Intermittent Staff months Euroconsult MottMacDonald BV: 5.2 Partner(s): 2.8 Total: 8 Background This study is an offspring of growing global, regional and national concern on the unsustainability of water, energy and food security inter-linkages. The water, energy and food security nexus means that the three sectors — water security, energy security and food security — are inextricably linked and that actions in one area more often than not have impacts in one or both of the others. These linkages have always been present, but as the world population hurtles towards 8 billion with increasing demands for basic services and growing desires for higher living standards, the need for more conscious stewardship of the vital resources required to achieve those services and desires has become both more obvious and urgent. Moreover, the impact of climate change poses a potential threat to water, energy and food security. Egypt is a typical example of a country with a strong population growth, industrial development and rise of living standards. Given Egypt’s high population growth rate it is questionable whether there will be sufficient water for food and domestic consumption as the exploitable water resources are expected to increase only minimally at best. Additionally, the energy consumption has been rapidly increasing as a result of on-going economic growth. Urbanization will Euroconsult MottMacDonald BV Water, Food and Energy Nexus, Egypt further intensify the pressure on Egypt’s natural resources. It is expected that climate change will adversely affect the country’s natural resource base too. The study aims to map the key linkages of the Egyptian water, energy and agro-food sectors, taking into account developments in demography, economy, agriculture (water and cropping patterns), regional trade & cooperation and climate change. The ultimate aim is to to feed into designing the future strategic axis of German-Egyptian development cooperation and to recommend specific concepts [scenarios] and organisational set-ups that help secure a sustainable nexus. Description of project The Nexus study aims to map the key linkages of the Egyptian water, energy and agro-food sectors, taking into account developments in demography, economy, agriculture (water and cropping patterns), regional trade & cooperation and climate change. It tries to interlink existing concepts around sustainable development, integrated water resource management (IWRM), sustainable environmental management planning, low carbon growth, climate smart and resilient agriculture and agri-business and integrated value chains. The ultimate aim is to feed into designing the future strategic axis of German-Egyptian development cooperation and to recommend specific concepts, scenarios and organisational set-ups that help secure a sustainable nexus. The study on the water-energy-food security Nexus distinguishes the following objectives: Objectives 1 and 2 focus on assessing and describing key linkages of the Egyptian water, energy and agro-food sectors, and thus the water-energy-food nexus, and expected impacts hereon of decisive factors such as demographic development, the economic framework, socio-economic development, as well as country-specific uncertainties (e.g. the on-going Nile Basin Initiative and upstream water demand) and external variables (e.g. oil and gas prices). Objective 3 aims at an economic valuation of water and cropping patterns in the various regions of Egypt and more sustainable development and improved water use efficiency.As the Study duration is relatively short the valuation will be generic and primarily be based on existing information. Objective 4 aims at fostering regional trade and cooperation (e.g. virtual water, interconnection of national electricity grids) and impact on national GDP and regional stability, whereas Objective 5 brings in the evaluation of impacts of climate change on the agricultural production. Finally, Objectives 6 and 7 target, respectively, relevant current sector Euroconsult MottMacDonald BV Water, Food and Energy Nexus, Egypt policies in the light of the fast population and demand growth and possible solutions, including those that may be taken up in or supported by the German-Egyptian development cooperation portfolio. Services provided Our services can be divided in three components (6 months in total): i) Inception, in which we will map and visualize the key linkages of the Egyptian water, energy and agro-food sectors, and decide how to proceed with an analysis and assessment; ii) An in-depth analysis and assessment of the water-energy-food security Nexus in Egypt, taking into account developments in demography, economy, agriculture (water and cropping patterns), regional trade & cooperation and climate change. Resulting in a draft final report; Study was subsequently terminated prematurely due to political sensitivities. Results A comprehensive analysis of the water, energy and food security Nexus in Egypt which provides specific concepts, scenarios and organisational set-ups that help secure a sustainable nexus. Senior staff and functions March-July 2015 Ele Jan Saaf - Team leader / Generalist – 18 w.d. - 0.8 months ; Rob Nieuwenhuis – Team Leader / Project Director – 6 w.d. - 0.3 months; Alexander Mueller - Agro-Economist – 4 w.d. - 0.2 months ; Sebastian Veit - Energy Economist / Sociologist – 36 w.d. - 1.6 month. Euroconsult MottMacDonald BV