Download PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply Engineering

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ANTARCTIC ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON, WISCONSIN
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ORIGINATOR
ICECUBE
PMT MODULAR HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY
REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT
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LEVEL 2/LEAD
ENGINEER
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Table of Contents
1
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................5
1.1
Purpose .....................................................................................................................5
1.2
Scope ........................................................................................................................5
1.3
Responsibility and Records .......................................................................................5
1.3.1
Document Responsibility ..................................................................................5
1.3.2
Document and Verification Records ..................................................................5
1.4
Item’s Function in the IceCube System .....................................................................5
2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................ 6
2.1
Government Requirements...................................................................................... 6
2.2
University Policy Requirements ............................................................................... 6
2.3
Industry Requirements............................................................................................. 6
2.4
Certifications and Approvals .................................................................................... 6
2.5
Project Requirements .............................................................................................. 6
2.6
Reference Documents .............................................................................................. 7
2.7
Order of Precedence ................................................................................................. 7
3
REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................. 8
3.1
Item Identification ................................................................................................... 8
3.1.1
Definition ......................................................................................................... 8
3.1.2
Functional Description ..................................................................................... 8
3.1.3
Functional Block Diagram ................................................................................ 8
3.1.4
Functional External Interfaces .......................................................................... 9
3.2
Performance Requirements .................................................................................... 10
3.2.1
Functional Requirements ................................................................................ 10
3.2.2
Electrical Requirements .................................................................................. 11
3.2.3
Mechanical Requirements ............................................................................... 17
3.2.4
External Interface Requirements ..................................................................... 18
3.2.5
Environmental Requirements.......................................................................... 21
3.2.6
Storage ........................................................................................................... 23
3.3
Design and Construction Requirements................................................................. 24
3.3.1
Parts Temperature Rating .............................................................................. 24
3.3.2
Parts Voltage Rating ...................................................................................... 24
3.3.3
High Voltage Generator Modularity ............................................................... 24
3.3.4
Printed Circuit Boards .................................................................................... 24
3.3.5
Restricted Parts, Materials and Processes .......................................................25
3.3.6
Reliability ........................................................................................................25
3.3.7
Manufacturability ............................................................................................25
3.3.8
Workmanship ..................................................................................................25
3.4
Quality Requirements .............................................................................................25
4 VERIFICATION............................................................................................................... 26
4.1
Responsibility......................................................................................................... 26
4.2
Special Tests and Examinations ............................................................................. 26
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4.3
Requirement vs. Verification Cross Reference with Section 3 ................................ 26
PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY ..................................................................................... 26
5.1
Identification Nameplates and Marking ................................................................. 26
5.1.1
Part and Serial Numbers ................................................................................ 26
5.1.2
Nameplate ..................................................................................................... 26
5.1.3
Cable and Connector ID Tags ......................................................................... 26
5.2
Acceptance Inspection and Tests ........................................................................... 26
5.3
Packaging .............................................................................................................. 26
5.4
Recording Sensors ................................................................................................. 26
5.5
Crating ................................................................................................................... 26
5.6
Labeling ................................................................................................................. 26
5.7
Shipping .................................................................................................................. 27
6 DEFINITIONS................................................................................................................. 28
6.1
IceCube Acronyms ................................................................................................. 28
5
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose
This IceCube Engineering Requirements Document (ERD) specifies the functional,
constraint, and verification requirements for the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply
Configuration Item (CI) including the source traceability (justification) for each
requirement.
1.2 Scope
This requirements document shall be applicable to the design, development, integration,
verification, production, logistics, field deployment and disposal of the PMT Modular High
Voltage Power Supply.
1.3 Responsibility and Records
1.3.1 Document Responsibility
The IceCube Project of the Antarctic Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Institute
(AAAIR) at the University of Wisconsin – Madison (UW) is responsible for writing and
updating these requirements to ensure they are correct, complete and current. UW AAARI
Quality Assurance is responsible for ensuring this document and changes to it are properly
reviewed, approved and maintained.
1.3.2 Document and Verification Records
Records of this document and associated verification and qualification records shall be
maintained as follows:
a. The approved and signed original of this document shall be maintained per UW AAARI
9000-0004, Document Management Process.
b. Changes to this document shall be via Engineering Change Notices (ECN's) as
described in UW AAARI 9000-0004, Document Management Process.
c. Verification records shall be maintained as described in Section 4 of this document in
compliance with UW AAARI 9000-0003, IceCube Quality Plan.
1.4 Item’s Function in the IceCube System
The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is an adjustable
modular two-printed circuit board (PCB) power supply that creates and supplies
approximately 2000 volts maximum anode bias and multiple dynode bias voltages to the
PMT inside each Digital Optical Module (DOM). These multiple high voltages provide
acceleration and focusing of electrons inside the PMT that flow in response to impinging
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photons from a nearby photonic event. This PMT electron flow is the critical sole detection
mechanism for the IceCube system. By digital control a range of high voltages can be
commanded that adjust the PMT for different photon sensitivities. There are 5120 Digital
Optical Modules in the IceCube system, each containing a PMT Modular HV Power Supply.
The IceCube system has 4800 DOMs deployed over a kilometer deep in the Antarctic ice
with 320 additional DOMs installed on the ice surface, all used for scientific research.
2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
The following documents of the exact issue shown are applicable requirements for this
Configuration Item only to the extent they are invoked by specific requirements herein.
2.1 Government Requirements
[TBD]
2.2 University Policy Requirements
[TBD]
2.3 Industry Requirements
[TBD]
2.4 Certifications and Approvals
[TBD]
2.5 Project Requirements
a. PMT Modular HV Power Supply Engineering Requirements Document, 9400-0016ERD
b. PMT HV Generator Source Control Drawing, 9400-0068-SCD (Rev -)
c. PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing, 9400-0028-SCD
d. PMT HV Power Supply Interface Control Document, 9400-0016-ICD
e. PMT HV Control Board Schematic, 9400-0027-SCH (Rev A)
f. PMT HV Control Board Ribbon Cable Assembly Drawing, 9400-0022-DWG (Rev -)
g. PMT HV Control Board Fabrication Drawing, 9400-0027-DWG2 (Rev A)
h. PMT HV Control Board Assembly Drawing, 9400-0027-DWG (Rev A)
i.
PMT HV Control Board Functional Test Setup and Procedure, 9400-0027-TEST (Rev A)
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2.6 Reference Documents
a. JESD8-B, “Interface Standard for Nominal 3 V/3.3 V Supply Digital Integrated
Circuits”, JEDEC Solid State Technology Association, September 1999.
b. IPC-2221, §6.3 Electrical Clearance, “B-4 External Conductors with Permanent
Polymer Coating”
c. “Book of iButton Standards”, Dallas Semiconductor Corporation, Application Notes
Number 937, January, 2002.
d. MIL-HDBK-217F (N1/2) “Parts Stress and Analysis method”
e. IPC-A-600F “Acceptability of Printed Boards”
f. IPC-6012 “Qualification and Performance Specification for Rigid Printed Boards”
g. IPC-A-610C “Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies”
h. MIL-B-81705 “Barrier Materials, Flexible, Electrostatic-Free, Heat Sealable”
i.
Hamamatsu PMT Datasheet, R7081-02, Rev Nov. 12, 2003
2.7 Order of Precedence
Conflicts within this document shall be resolved as directed by the IceCube System
Engineer in collaboration with the Project Lead responsible for this Design Item.
Conflicts between other documents as they relate to or impact this document shall be
resolved as directed by the IceCube Project Manager in collaboration with the IceCube
System Engineer.
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3 REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Item Identification
3.1.1 Definition
The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is a modular
two-printed circuit board (PCB) 2000 volt high voltage power supply with a digitally
controlled and adjustable output, mounted inside a Digital Optical Module (DOM). The
Power Supply consists of the High Voltage Control Board and the High Voltage Base Board.
3.1.2 Functional Description
The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is an adjustable
power supply that creates and supplies approximately 2000 volts DC anode bias to the PMT
inside each Digital Optical Module (DOM). The PMT Modular HV Power Supply also
supplies multiple DC bias high voltages to the PMT dynodes and focusing electrodes. The
high voltages provide energy for e-fields inside the PMT that control the flow of electrons in
response to impinging photons from a nearby photonic event. The PMT Modular HV Power
Supply also provides functional monitoring for diagnostic voltage measurements and a
transformer coupled circuit for extracting the analog output signal from the PMT anode.
3.1.3 Functional Block Diagram
The following block diagram illustrates the functional relationships of the PMT Modular
High Voltage Power Supply with the DOM Main Board and the PMT in the IceCube system.
PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply
HV Control
Board
HV Generator
Digital Interface
Structual Mount
High Voltage
PMT HV Base Board
Power
Digital Control
& Response
Flasher Board
DOM Main Board
Dynode Voltages
PMT Anode Signal
.....
Structual
Mount
PMT
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Figure 1 Block Diagram of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply
3.1.4 Functional External Interfaces
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply has seven external functional interfaces:
a. Power input from the DOM Main Board
b. Bidirectional digital command, control, and monitoring to and from the DOM Main
Board
c. Analog anode signal input from the PMT
d. PMT analog anode signal output to the DOM Main Board
e. High voltage outputs to the PMT’s anode, dynodes, and focusing electrodes
f. Structural mounting of the HV Base Board by attachment to the PMT pins
g. Structural mounting of the HV Control Board by attachment to the Flasher Board
These interfaces are illustrated in Figure 1.
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3.2 Performance Requirements
3.2.1 Functional Requirements
3.2.1.1 High Voltage Generation
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall generate a series of high voltages for
the individual dynodes, focusing electrodes and the anode of the PMT, using the power
provided by the DOM Main Board.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Preliminary Design Document (PDD), Section 7.2, Digital Optical Module, the main point being that
the high voltage is generated inside the DOM rather than sent down from the surface.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection and demonstration
3.2.1.2 PMT Signal Output
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall transfer the anode signal pulses from
the PMT to the DOM Main Board through a coaxial cable.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Coaxial cable is a straightforward way of implementing an impedance-controlled transmission line
that transfers the PMT pulses with high fidelity.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.1.3 Command Response
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall respond to the digital control
commands issued by the DOM Main Board for High Voltage on/off and for the adjustment
of the high voltages.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Preliminary Design Document (PDD), Section 7.2, Figure 65
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.1.4 High Voltage Readings Output
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a digital reading output of the
values of the high voltage to the DOM Main Board upon request.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Document review (http://icecube.wisc.edu/internal/requirements/pmt_hv_base_erd/) and the
subsequent telephone conference on October 3, 2002.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
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3.2.1.5 Board Identification Output
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide digital board identification
information output to the DOM Main Board upon request.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Justification comes from the LBNL group responsible for DAQ design.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2 Electrical Requirements
3.2.2.1 Input Voltage
3.2.2.1.1 +5 Volts DC
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive a power input voltage of +5
VDC ±5%.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This requirement comes from one of the earliest drafts of this document authored by DOMMB
designer.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.1.2 –5 Volts DC
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive a power input voltage of -5 VDC
±5%.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Same as the previous subsection.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.2 Input Current
3.2.2.2.1 +5 Volts Input Current
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply input current for +5 Volt power shall not
exceed 70 mA.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
If the maximum steady state power is drawn only from the +5V source, the stated value results. This
is NOT an in-rush limit.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
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3.2.2.2.2 –5 Volts Input Current
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply input current for -5 Volt power shall not
exceed 30 mA.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This requirement allows a variant implementation that requires nearly one half of the total steady
state power to be drawn from the -5V source. This is NOT an in-rush limit.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.3 Input Power
The total input power to the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall not exceed 350
mW [TBR].
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
{enter the traceability answer here}
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.4 Internal Power Distribution
The majority of the power shall be utilized for generating the high voltage output, and the
power consumption by the monitoring and control circuitry shall be minimized. The PMT
Base bleeder current shall likewise be minimized to the extent that all the functional
performance requirements are satisfied.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Power is a critical resource of the DOM.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.5 Internal Grounds
3.2.2.5.1 Analog Grounds
3.2.2.5.1.1
HV Control Board Analog Ground
The analog signal ground on the HV Control Board shall be referenced bythe ground (low
side) pin(s) and the metal case of the High Voltage Generator and the ground pin(s) of the
DAC, ADC, and the voltage reference device (if present). Said analog ground shall be
connected to the DOM Main Board interface connector pin(s) designated as DGND at a
single point.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This is a standard practice to achieve low noise analog ground.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
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3.2.2.5.1.2 HV Base Board Analog Ground
The analog signal ground on the HV Base Board shall be referenced by and connected to
the PMT cathode, the HV negative line from the HV generator on the HV Control Board,
and the ground end of all grounded capacitors and resistors.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This is the standard, correct usage of a PMT.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.5.2 PMT Cathode Ground Reference
The PMT cathode shall be at ground of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply. The
PMT anode shall be at positive high voltage output of the PMT Modular High Voltage
Power Supply.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
There is a strong consensus that this is a requirement. Source: IceCube.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.5.3 Digital and Power Grounds
Digital and power grounds shall be as one on the HV Control Board and connected to the
DOM Main Board interface connector pin(s) designated as DGND.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Infrequent and slow digital communication does not require a dedicated digital ground.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.6 PMT Anode High Voltage Generation
3.2.2.6.1 Adjustable Voltage Range
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall output a voltage that is adjustable over
a minimum range of 1000 to 2047 Volts DC to be applied to the PMT anode.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This matches the normal operating voltage range of the PMT.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.6.2 Minimum Adjustment Voltage
The low end of the adjustable anode voltage range shall not be greater than 800 VDC.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Certain DOMs, IceTop DOMs, in particular, must operate with intentionally low gain.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
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Test
3.2.2.6.3 Maximum Adjustment Voltage
The high end of the adjustable anode voltage range shall not exceed 2100 VDC.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The PMT has a maximum operating voltage of 2200V (cathode-to-anode voltage).
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.6.4 Voltage Adjustment DAC Resolution
The DAC used for digitally setting the anode voltage shall have a 12-bit resolution.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The required PMT gain accuracy and the commercial availability of the DAC device naturally lead to
this requirement.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.6.5 Voltage Adjustment Linearity
The digital command code value and the corresponding analog anode voltage value shall
have a linear relationship in the voltage range specified in 3.2.2.6.1 with a slope of 0.5 Volts
± 0.003 Volts per bit.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The HV Generator has the slope accuracy of ±0.5% over 20 to 100% of full scale (Sec. 3.2.2.5.3, 94000068-SCD). The DAC contributes ±0.1% off error (±4 LSB integral linearity error).
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Analysis
3.2.2.7 High Voltage Quality
3.2.2.7.1 Voltage Stability
The drift rate for the voltage across cathode and anode shall be less than 4 V/week during
in-ice operation. (i.e. The maximum excursion over any given 1 week period shall be less
than 4V.)
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The gain-voltage relationship of the PMT is a power law of the form G ~ VB, where B ranges from 8 to
10, depending on the PMT. Assuming the worst case with B=10, a 2% change in gain would require a
voltage stability of dV/V = (1/B)(dG/G) = 0.2%, and consequently, a dV of several volt. (Where does
the “2%” come from?)
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.7.2 Anode Voltage Ripple (Noise)
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The ripple voltage observed at the output of the secondary of the anode signal-coupling
transformer shall not exceed 0.5mVpp when the output is terminated with a 100  resistor.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The rule of thumb being applied is that the trigger threshold for the system should be about 1/3rd of
the amplitude of an SPE (5mV), and that the systematic noise should be a small contribution to the
triggering at that threshold.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.8 Anode Voltage Monitoring
3.2.2.8.1 Voltage Monitoring Output
There shall be a provision for monitoring the anode voltage using an ADC and transmitting
its value to the DOM Main Board as a digital code.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This is a DOM engineering requirement.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.8.2 Voltage Monitoring ADC Resolution
The ADC used for monitoring the anode voltage shall have a 12-bit resolution.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Required PMT gain accuracy and the commercial availability of the ADC device lead to this
requirement.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.2.8.3 Voltage Monitoring Linearity
The monitored anode voltage and the corresponding digital value shall have a linear
relationship in the voltage range specified in 3.2.2.6.1 with a slope of 0.5 V ± 0.0005 Volts
per bit.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This comes from the PMT gain accuracy requirement. This requirement mainly imposes limits on the
accuracy of the High Voltage Generator’s analog monitor output.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test and Analysis
3.2.2.9 Anode Current Sourcing Capability
3.2.2.9.1 Current Sourcing at Minimum Operating Temperature
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The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a DC anode current sourcing
capability of a minimum of 12 nA, at the minimum operating temperature specified herein,
as determined by the output anode voltage changing less than 10V as the current is varied
from zero to the specified minimum current.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The DC current requirement is obtained by assuming the PMT gain of 5E7, the average number of
photoelectrons giving rise to the anode pulse of 1.5, and the worst-case noise rate of 1 kHz in deepice (minimum operating temperature) and 20 kHz at room temperature (maximum operating
temperature).
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.9.2 Current Sourcing at Maximum Operating Temperature
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a DC anode current sourcing
capability of a minimum of 240 nA, at the maximum operating temperature specified
herein, as determined by the output anode voltage changing less than 10V as the current is
varied from zero to the specified minimum current.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
See 3.2.2.9.1. This requirement is necessary for testing the DOM at room temperature.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.9.3 Pulsed Current Sourcing
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide an anode current sourcing
capability of a minimum of 100 mA for a single 1 sec square-pulse, at the minimum
operating temperature specified herein, as determined by the output anode voltage
changing less than 10V when the current is changed from zero to the specified pulse
current during the pulse time.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The pulse current requirement is meant to assure the dynamic range supporting all pulses that are
realistically possible in the ice. (The Hamamatsu PMT supports up to 70 mA of anode current (see
Hamamatsu PMT datasheet under “Pulse linearity” specification) and we don’t want the PMT Base
board to be the bottleneck of any physical measurements.)
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.10
Pulse Transfer AC-Characteristics [TBR]
The anode pulse-to-DOM Main Board transfer function shall have a lower frequency cut-off
of less than 8kHz and a higher frequency cut-off of greater than 100 MHz [TBR].
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The photonic response requirements: less than 5 % droop over 1 usec requires the low cut-off
frequency of 8kHz or less; and pulse rise time of less than [??] nsec requires the high cut-off
frequency of [xxx] MHz or higher.
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VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.11
PMT Dynode and Focus Voltages
The PMT dynode voltages and focussing voltages shall be as defined in PMT High Voltage
Base Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Hamamatsu PMT R7081-02 datasheet (November 12, 2003, Hamamatsu Photonics, K.K.,
Hamamatsu, Japan).
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.2.12
Dynode Damping Resistors
A resistor that is designed to minimize corona from its body in its mounting location shall
be placed in series with each of the last dynodes (Dy8, Dy9 and Dy10) and their
corresponding high-voltage sources. Said resistors shall have a value of 100 ± 5%, rated
at a minimum of 1/16 Watt.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The necessity for the damping resistor is demonstrated by data shown at: “IceCube PMT testing
Phase 2, August 2002” at http://amanda.physics.wisc.edu/kaeld/pmt/. The type of resistors must be
consistent with the safe high-voltage design. The resistor value is a minimum necessary to attain
sufficient damping; a much greater value would worsen the pulse-response bandwidth of the HV
Base Board.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.3 Mechanical Requirements
3.2.3.1 Size
3.2.3.1.1 HV Control Board Component Envelope
The HV Control Board shall meet the component envelope requirements defined in 3.2.3.1
Overall Size and Volume Constraints of PMT HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing
(9400-0027-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.3.1.2 HV Base Board Component Envelope
The HV Base Board shall meet the component envelope requirements defined in
Section_xxx Section_title_xxx of PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing (94000028-SCD).
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REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.3.2 Weight
3.2.3.2.1 HV Control Board Weight
The HV Control Board shall weigh no more than 100 [TBR] grams.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements. The actual unit in use (PY3) weighs approximately 85
grams.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.3.2.2 HV Base Board Weight
The PMT HV Base Board shall weigh no more than [TBD] grams.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4 External Interface Requirements
3.2.4.1 Electric Power
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive all of its electric power from the
DOM Main Board via conductors in the interface cable between the DOM Main Board and
the HV Control Board.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.2 Analog Signals
(TBD)
3.2.4.3 Digital Signals
The voltage and timing of the digital signals shall be according to the 3.3V CMOS standard,
defined in JESD8-B, “Interface Standard for Nominal 3 V/3.3 V Supply Digital Integrated
Circuits”, JEDEC Solid State Technology Association, September 1999.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
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Derived from DOMMB design requirements. The DOMMB side device for all digital signal exchange
is a CPLD conforming to this signal standard.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.4 External Ground
Grounding external to the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply is solely to the DOM
Main Board (DOMMB) by way of the DOMMB-to-HV Control Board interface ribbon cable.
(Specifically, there shall be no grounding path to the Flasher Board.)
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5 Interconnections
3.2.4.5.1 Interconnections--HV Control Board to DOM Main Board
3.2.4.5.1.1
Cabling Medium
The HV Control Board shall have all electrical connections with the DOM Main Board
through a multi-conductor ribbon cable assembly, defined in DOM PMT HV Power Supply
Control Board Interface Ribbon Cable Assembly (9400-0022-DWG).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
{enter the traceability answer}
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5.1.2 Signal Duplication
Each signal, ground and power in the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply HV Control
Board to DOM Main Board cable shall have two conductors allocated to it.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The requirement is intended to increase the reliability, since most common failure mode of a ribbon
connector is an “open connection”.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5.1.3 Signal Assignments and Connector Pinouts
Signal assignments to the ribbon cable conductors and connector pinouts shall be as
defined in Section 3.2.4.6.3 of the HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing (94000027-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
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VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5.2 Interconnections--HV Control Board to PMT HV Base Board
The high voltage output of the HV Control Board shall be connected to the PMT HV Base
Board through a single coaxial cable with a minimum voltage rating of 5 kVDC.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
A minimum high voltage derating factor of two is being applied as required by System Engineering.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5.3 Interconnections—PMT Pulse Output to DOM Main Board
The PMT pulse signal output of the PMT HV Base Board shall be carried to the DOM Main
Board using the coaxial cable assembly, defined in DOM PMT HV Base Board Pulse Output
Cable Drawing (9400-0198-DWG).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.5.4 Interconnections—PMT HV Base Board to PMT
The PMT HV Base Board shall have plated-through holes for mounting on the PMT with the
hole pattern, locations, and signal assignment as defined in the PMT HV Base Board
Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This is required for the correct opertion of the PMT and is derived from the PMT datasheet and
suplementary drawings from Hamamatsu.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.4.6 Mounting Points
3.2.4.6.1 HV Control Board Mounting Points
The HV Control Board shall have mounting screw holes with size and locations as defined in
HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0027-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection / demonstration
3.2.4.6.2 HV Base Board PMT Collar Positioning Pins Clearance
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The HV Base Board shall have component keepout areas as defined in PMT HV Base Board
Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.2.5 Environmental Requirements
3.2.5.1 Temperature
3.2.5.1.1 Operating Temperature
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet all performance requirements
when operating over an ambient temperature range of –40 °C to +27 °C.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.5.1.2 Non-Operating Temperature
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a non-operating temperature
range of [TBD] °C to [TBD] °C for a period up to [TBD] months without any degradation in
performance.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements for non-operating temperature in deep ice.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.5.1.3 Storage / Transport Temperature
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a storage and transport
temperature range of –55 °C to +45 °C for a period of [TBD] months without any
degradation in performance.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.5.2 Pressure
3.2.5.2.1 Operating Pressure
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The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet all performance requirements
while operating at 1 atmosphere in air or while operating inside a pressure vessel with a
sustained internal nitrogen gas pressure of 40,000 Pa to 100,000 Pa.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Test
3.2.5.2.2 Non-Operating Pressure
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a non-operating atmospheric
pressure in nitrogen gas of 40,000 to 100,000 Pa for a period up to [TBD] months without
any degradation in performance.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Analysis
3.2.5.2.3 Storage/Transport Pressure
The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a storage and transport
atmospheric pressure in air or in Nitrogen gas of 40,000 to 100,000 Pa for a period up to
[TBD] months without any degradation in performance.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Analysis
3.2.5.3 Thermal Shock
[TBD]
3.2.5.4 Mechanical Shock and Vibration
[TBD]
3.2.5.5 Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility
[TBD]
3.2.5.6 Electrostatic Discharge
[TBD]
3.2.5.7 Humidity
[TBD]
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3.2.5.8 Radioactivity
[TBD]
3.2.6 Storage
[TBD]
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3.3 Design and Construction Requirements
3.3.1 Parts Temperature Rating
All parts and materials used in the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet the
lowest operating temperature of –55C, as specified by the component manufacturer, as
long as parts in question are readily availale for the operating temperature of –55C or
lower. The vendor of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall supply IceCube
with a list of electrical components used that do not meet the –55C or lower operating
temperature.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Derived from DOM engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.3.2 Parts Voltage Rating
All electrical parts subject to high voltage load shall be derated at least by a factor of two.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
System Engineering requirements.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.3.3 High Voltage Generator Modularity
The High Voltage Generator shall be a self-contained metal-shielded module requiring only
input power and control signals to deliver high voltage via a pigtail output cable. It shall be
designed for direct solder to the HV Control Board at its mounting pins carrying only low
voltages.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
This is the basic concept of Modular High Voltage Power Supply.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.3.4 Printed Circuit Boards
3.3.4.1 Minimum Trace Spacing
The circuit traces on the PMT HV Base Board shall have spacings at least a factor of two
greater than what is required by the minimum trace spacings rule defined in IPC-2221, §6.3
Electrical Clearance, “B-4 External Conductors with Permanent Polymer Coating”.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
The extra factor of two was recommended by S. Ellington.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
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Inspection and analysis
3.3.4.2 Manual Soldering Compatibility
The PMT HV Power Supply printed circuit board designs shall be compatible with the
increased temperature during manual soldering of the HV Generator and PMT pins.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
Accessibility and temperature resistance are required to reliably accomplish manual installation.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Analysis and Demonstration
3.3.4.3 Conformal Coating
The HV Base Board shall be conformally coated.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
System Engineering (George Anderson) recommendation at Preliminary Design Review, June 2003,
stated: For higher reliability it is normal engineering and industry practice to clean and conformal
coat all high voltage circuit boards. Maintaining PCB surface cleanliness with conformal coating
(handling fingerprints, airborne gases and particles, etc.) prevents long term surface leakage paths
that degrade high resistance circuits. Conformal coating also reduces the electric field gradient near
sharp solder points and conductor edges that otherwise contribute to degraded surface conductivity
and corrosive ionization.
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
3.3.5 Restricted Parts, Materials and Processes
[TBD]
3.3.6 Reliability
3.3.7 Manufacturability
3.3.8 Workmanship
3.4 Quality Requirements
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4 VERIFICATION
4.1 Responsibility
4.2 Special Tests and Examinations
4.3 Requirement vs. Verification Cross Reference with Section
3
5 PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY
5.1 Identification Nameplates and Marking
5.1.1 Part and Serial Numbers
Each of the HV Control Boards and the HV Base Boards or the PMT Modular High Voltage
Power Supply shall be indelibly and legibly marked with its part number, revision, serial
number and manufacture date code.
REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:
{enter the traceability answer}
VERIFICATION METHOD:
Inspection
5.1.2 Nameplate
5.1.3 Cable and Connector ID Tags
5.2 Acceptance Inspection and Tests
5.3 Packaging
5.4 Recording Sensors
5.5 Crating
5.6 Labeling
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5.7 Shipping
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6 DEFINITIONS
6.1 IceCube Acronyms
AAARI
Antarctic Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Institute
ADC
Analog-to-Digital Converter
ATWD
Analog Transient Waveform Digitizer
AWG
American Wire Gauge
BNC
CC
Conformal Coating
CLK
Clock
cm
Centimeter
CMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
C of C
Certificate of Conformance
CONUS
Continental US
CPLD
Complex Programmable Logic Device
CRC
Cyclic Redundancy Check
CS0
Chip-select bit 1
CS1
Chip-select bit 0
CY
Calendar Year
DAC
Digital-to-Analog Converter
DAQ
Data Acquisition System
DC
Direct Current
DFL
Dark Freezer Laboratory
DGND
Digital Ground
DOM
Digital Optical Module
DOMMB
Digital Optical Module Main Board
DV
Design Verification
ECN
Engineering Change Notice
EIA
Electronics Industries Alliance
EM
Electromagnetic
EMC
Electromagnetic Compatibility
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EMI
Electromagnetic Interference
ERD
Engineering Requirements Document
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
ESS
Environmental Stress Screening
FADC
Flash ADC
FAT
Final Acceptance Test
FMECA
Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis
FPGA
Field Programmable Gate Array
ft
Feet
g
Gram
GPS
Global Positioning System
HV
High Voltage
Hz
Hertz
ICD
Interface Control Document
ICT
In-circuit Tester
ID
Inside Diameter
IDC
Insulation Displacement Connector
IPC
Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
JTAG
K
Kilo (103)
Kg
Kilogram
LED
Light-Emitting Diode
LSB
Least Significant Bit
m
Meter / Milli (10-3)
M
Mega (106)
mA
Milliampere
MKS
Meter-kilogram-second
mm
Millimeter
MISO
Master-In-Slave-Out
MOSI
Master-Out-Slave-In
MSB
Most Significant Bit
MOTE
Mother Of All Tests
MTTCF
Mean-Time-To-Critical-Failure
MTTF
Mean-Time-To-Failure
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mV
Millivolt
mW
Milliwatt
n
Nano (10-9)
nm
Nano meter
ns
Nano second
OD
Outside Diameter
OM
Optical Module
oz
Ounce
p
Pico (10-12)
Pa
Pascal
PCTS
Physical Sciences Laboratory Cable Test System
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
PE
Photoelectron
pF
Pico Farad
PMT
Photomultiplier Tube
P/N
Part Number
PSL
Physical Sciences Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison
P/V ratio
Peak-to-valley ratio
PWB
Printed Wiring Board
PY
Project Year
REF
Reference
REV
Revision
RF
Radio Frequency
RFI
Radio Frequency Interference
s, sec
Second
SCD
Source Control Document / Specification Control Document
SCLK
Serial Clock
SSEC
Space Science and Engineering Center
SI
Système International d’Unités
SMB
Sub-Miniature B
SPE
Single Photoelectron
SPS
South Pole System
SPTS
South Pole Test System
STF
Simple Test Framework
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TBD
To Be Determined
TBR
To Be Reviewed
UL
Underwriters Laboratory
UPS
Uninterruptible Power Supply
UW
University of Wisconsin
V
Volt
VDC
Volt DC
W
Watt
WBS
Work Breakdown Structure
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