Download Fuel Cell Presentation - Canadian Clean Power Coalition

Canadian Clean Power Coalition:
Delivering Results for Over a Decade
3) Fuel Cell Repowering
Results
1
Who Is the CCPC?
• An association of Canadian and U.S. coal and coal-fired electricity
producers, government agencies and research organizations
• Industry participants include:
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–
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–
–
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Alberta Innovates – Energy and Environment Solutions
Capital Power Corporation
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
Nova Scotia Power Inc.
Sherritt International Corporation
SaskPower
TransAlta Corporation
• Government Sponsors:
– Saskatchewan Ministry of Energy and Resources
– Natural Resources Canada (CanmetENERGY)
Our Mandate
• The CCPC's mandate is to research technologies
with the goal of developing and advancing
commercially viable solutions that lower coal
power plant emissions
• Our objective is to demonstrate that coal-fired
electricity generation can effectively address
environmental issues and move us forward to a
cleaner energy future
Questions
• Is the cost of power from a coal plant repowered with
molten carbonate fuel cells likely to be lower than a new
NGCC?
• How sensitive are the economics of the repowering case
to changes in various key assumptions?
• Roughly what are the economics for the fuel cell once the
underlying coal plant has been retired?
4
Repowering Case - Lingan
• Six cases were created for comparison purposes
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–
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NGCC: Without CCS as key power supply alternative
Lingan: Base coal plant assumed to be new built - no CCS
Lingan & FCE: New base plant plus fuel cells
Lingan w PCC: New base plant plus post combustion capture
R Lingan & FCE: As above but without capital for new coal plant
(Retrofit)
– R Lingan w PCC: As above but without capital for new coal plant
(Retrofit)
• Only the incremental cost for fuel cell repowering case
were studied in detail and costs for all the other cases are
based on rough estimates
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Base Information
Net Power Production (MW)
Derate (MW)
% Derate
Coal Heat Rate (GJ/MWh)
NG Heat Rate (GJ/MWh)
CF First Year
Design Life
Coal Cost ($/GJ)
NGCC
535
Lingan
621
10.83
7.11
90%
30
90%
35
4.00
Lingan &
FCE
444
-134
-43%
7.57
2.78
90%
35
4.00
Lingan w
PCC
439
183
29%
15.34
90%
35
4.00
R Lingan &
FCE
444
-134
-43%
7.57
2.78
90%
35
4.00
R Lingan w
PCC
439
183
29%
15.34
90%
35
4.00
Note: Lingan & FCE is based on half the Lingan plant
6
Capital Costs
$ million
Base Plant
Life Extention
FGD
Fuel Cells
CCS
Escalation
NGCC
957
Lingan
2,209
Lingan &
FCE
1,105
75
220
793
Lingan w
PCC
2,209
150
440
R Lingan &
FCE
R Lingan w
PCC
75
220
793
150
440
Total
181
1,138
419
2,628
209
2,402
999
720
4,519
Capex ($/kW)
2,130
4,230
5,405
10,301
2,448
4,310
1,088
1,891
1,088
1,891
Incremental Cost
0
1,088
999
301
1,891
Note: $793 million was provided by FCE/Jacobs
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CO2 Capture
GHG Intensity (t/MWh)
GHG Produced (t/yr)
Mass of CO2 Captured
GHG Emissions (t/yr)
% Captured
•
NGCC
Lingan
Lingan &
FCE
0.35
0.97
4,746,825
0
4,746,825
0%
0.42
2,856,186
1,392,065
1,464,121
49%
Lingan w
PCC
R Lingan &
FCE
R Lingan w
PCC
0.42
4,746,825
3,417,714
1,329,111
72%
0.42
2,856,186
1,392,065
1,464,121
49%
0.42
4,746,825
3,417,714
1,329,111
72%
Repowered plant with molten carbonate fuel cells will have almost no sulfur
emissions and lower NOx emissions compared to the base plant
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Cost of Capturing CO2
First Year COE ($/MWh)
Avoided Cost ($/t)
Capture Cost
NGCC
138
Lingan
125
Lingan &
FCE
159
62
86
Lingan w
PCC
249
228
126
R Lingan &
FCE
125
62
86
R Lingan w
PCC
166
228
126
Note: Gas and coal costs are very high in Nova Scotia
9
Repowering Cases - Alberta
• Six cases were created for comparison purposes
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–
–
–
–
–
NGCC: Without CCS as key power supply alternative
AB Coal: Base coal plant assumed to be new built – no CCS
AB Coal & FCE: New base plant plus fuel cells
AB Coal w PCC: New base plant plus post combustion capture
R AB Coal & FCE: As above but without capital for new coal plant
R Lingan w PCC: As above but without capital for new coal plant
• These cases were largely based on the Lingan cases
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Base Information - Alberta
Net Power Production (MW)
Derate (MW)
% Derate
Coal Heat Rate (GJ/MWh)
NG Heat Rate (GJ/MWh)
CF First Year
Design Life
Coal Cost ($/GJ)
NGCC
535
AB Coal
311
9.60
7.11
90%
30
0.00
90%
35
1.30
AB Coal &
FCE
444
-134
-43%
6.71
2.79
90%
35
1.30
AB Coal w R AB Coal
CCS
& FCE
266
444
45
-134
14%
-43%
12.00
6.71
2.79
90%
90%
35
35
1.30
1.30
R AB Coal
w CCS
266
45
14%
12.00
90%
35
1.30
Note: Lingan & FCE is based on half the Lingan plant
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Capital Costs - Alberta
AB Coal &
FCE
1,105
75
220
793
AB Coal w R AB Coal
CCS
& FCE
1,105
75
75
220
220
793
550
370
0
R AB Coal
w CCS
$ million
Base Plant
Life Extention
FGD
Fuel Cells
CCS
Escalation
NGCC
957
181
209
209
Total
1,138
1,314
2,402
2,319
1,088
1,005
Capex ($/kW)
2,130
4,230
5,405
8,719
2,448
3,779
1,088
1,005
1,088
1,005
Incremental Cost
AB Coal
1,105
75
220
550
160
12
CO2 Capture - Alberta
GHG Intensity (t/MWh)
GHG Produced (t/yr)
Mass of CO2 Captured
GHG Emissions (t/yr)
% Captured
•
NGCC
AB Coal
0.35
0.97
2,373,413
AB Coal &
FCE
AB Coal w R AB Coal
CCS
& FCE
R AB Coal
w CCS
0.42
2,861,258
1,392,065
1,464,121
49%
0.42
2,373,413
1,495,250
878,163
63%
0.42
2,373,413
1,495,250
878,163
63%
0.42
2,861,258
1,392,065
1,464,121
49%
Repowered plant with molten carbonate fuel cells will have almost no sulfur
emissions and lower NOx emissions compared to the base plant
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Cost of Capturing CO2 - Alberta
First Year COE ($/MWh)
Avoided Cost ($/t)
Capture Cost
NGCC
78
AB Coal
95
AB Coal &
FCE
115
52
72
AB Coal w R AB Coal
CCS
& FCE
169
78
150
52
116
72
R AB Coal
w CCS
100
150
116
• The cost of capture for the AB Coal w CCS case is $94.5/t
without life extension and FGD costs.
• The cost of capture for the AB Coal & FCE case is $57/t
without life extension and FGD costs.
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Natural Gas Price Forecasts
Fuel Price Forecasts
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Nova Scotia
13
Alberta
Fuel Price ($/GJ)
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
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New Build First Year COE - Lingan
First Year Cost of Power - Greenfield - Nova Scotia (2016)
250
Taxes
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
200
Capex
150
Transmission
Fixed and Variable O&M
100
Natural Gas Costs
Coal Costs
50
NGCC - CF= 0.9 NGCC - CF= 0.5
FCE w no CCS
Lingan
Lingan & FCE
Lingan w PCC
16
New Build First Year COE - Alberta
First Year Cost of Power - Greenfield - Alberta (2016)
180
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
Taxes
130
Capex
CO2 Compliance Costs
Transmission
80
Fixed and Variable O&M
AB Nat Gas Costs
Coal Costs
30
CO2 Credit Revenue
-20
NGCC - CF= 0.9 NGCC - CF= 0.5
AB Coal
AB Coal & FCE
AB Coal w CCS
FCE w no CCS
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Retrofit
First
- Lingan
First Year Cost
of Power inYear
Nova Scotia COE
- Retrofit (2016)
180
160
Taxes
140
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
Capex
120
Transmission
100
Fixed and Variable
O&M
80
Natural Gas Costs
60
Coal Costs
40
20
NGCC - CF= 0.9
NGCC - CF= 0.5
R Lingan & FCE
R Lingan w PCC
18
First Year Cost
of PowerYear
in Alberta - COE
Retrofit (2016)
Retrofit
First
- Alberta
120
Taxes
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
100
Capex
CO2 Compliance Costs
80
Transmission
60
Fixed and Variable
O&M
AB Nat Gas Costs
40
Coal Costs
20
CO2 Credit Revenue
-20
NGCC - CF= 0.9
NGCC - CF= 0.5
R AB Coal & FCE
R AB Coal w CCS
19
Fuel Price Sensitivity - Lingan
Fuel Price Sensitivity - Lingan
160
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
150
NGCC - 50% CF
140
R Lingan & FCE
130
NGCC - 90% CF
120
110
100
90
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
Natural Gas Price ($/GJ)
20
Fuel Price Sensitivity - Alberta
Fuel Price Sensitivity - Alberta
130
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
120
NGCC - 50% CF
NGCC - 90% CF
110
R AB Coal & FCE
100
90
80
70
60
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Natural Gas Price ($/GJ)
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Fuel Price Impact on Capture Cost
Fuel Price Sensitivity
120
110
AB Coal &
FCE
Capture Cost ($/t)
100
90
Lingan &
FCE
80
70
60
50
40
30
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
Natural Gas Price ($/GJ)
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1st Yr Cost ($/MWh) or Capture Cost ($/t)
FCE Capex
Sensitivity
Capex Sensitivity
- Lingan - Lingan
140
130
131
125
120
110
102
100
86
90
80
70
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
R Lingan & FCE
Capture Cost ($/t)
+ $200 million
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1st Yr Cost ($/MWh) or Capture Cost ($/t)
FCE Capex
Sensitivity
Capex Sensitivity
- Alberta - Alberta
90
88
88
86
84
84
82
80
78
78
76
74
72
72
70
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
R AB Coal & FCE
Capture Cost ($/t)
+ $200 million
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CellImpact
LifeofSensitivity
Cell Life
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
140 135
129
125
130
120
110
100 93
90
83
78
80
70
5
6
7
8
9
10
Cell Life (years)
R AB Coal & FCE
R Lingan & FCE
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- Nova Scotia
Output Sensitivity
FCE Output
Sensitivity
- Lingan
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
200
180
160
140
120
100
0.90
1.05
1.00
0.95
1.10
Net Output
NGCC - CF= 0.9
NGCC - CF= 0.5
R Lingan & FCE
R Lingan w PCC
Note: This is on the whole output, not just the fuel cell portion. 10% change in
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output is 44 MW for FCE case. This is 26% of gross fuel cell output.
Output Sensitivity
- Alberta
FCE Output
Sensitivity
- AB
First Year Cost ($/MWh)
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
Net Output
NGCC - CF= 0.9
NGCC - CF= 0.5
R AB Coal & FCE
R AB Coal w CCS
Note: This is on the whole output, not just the fuel cell portion. 10% change in
output is 44 MW for FCE case. This is 26% of gross fuel cell output.
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Conclusions
• Molten carbonate fuel cells retrofitted to a coal plant may
have a cost of power similar to a new NGCC
• There are opportunities to optimized the fuel cell costs
and benefits
• The marginal cost and average cost of the fuel cell alone,
once capital is sunk, may be similar to the power cost of
an NGCC
• Molten carbonate fuel cells capturing flue gas CO2 should
be demonstrated to better understand their actual
operating performance under various conditions and their
performance during long term tests
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