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Hip Joint Kinesiology
Amir H. Bakhtiary
PhD, PT
Associate Professor
Physiotherapy Department
Rehabilitation faculty
Semnan University of Medical Sciences
Can you explain the type of Hip
Joint, its movement and main role?
• A ball and socket joint with 3 degree
of freedom
• Flexion and Extension (Sagital)
• Abduction and Adduction (Frontal)
• Medial and Lateral Rotation (transverse)
• Main role of Hip Joint
• Weight bearing
• Static (Standing position)
• Dynamic (Ambulating, Running, Stepping)
Can you describe the
acetabulum orientation?
• Laterally,
• Inferiorly, (Center Edge Angle)
• 38 degree in Men, 35 degree in women
• Increase with age
• Decreased angle cause superior
instability
• Anteriorly, (Anteversion Angle)
• 18.5 degree for men, 21.5 degree for
women
• Increased angle cause Anterior instability
Center Edge Angle
Or
Wiberg angle
Acetabular labrum
• is rimmed by a ring of wedge-shaped
fibrocartilage
• is attached to the periphery of the
acetabulum
• is not load-bearing
• Serves a role in proprioception and pain
sensitivity
• help to protect the rim of the acetabulum
How does acetabular labrum may
increase stability of hip Joint?
1. Increase the depth of acetabulum
2. Increase the concave of acetabulum
3. Increase the contact area of
acetabulum
4. Cover the head of femour
Can you explain distal articular
surface head of femur?
• Rounded covered by Hyaline cartilage
• Less radius of curvature in women
• Oriented
• Medially,
• Superiorly, (inclination Angle) in Frontal
• 125 in adult and 120 in elderly
• Less in women because of wide pelvic
• Pathologic condition: Coxa Valga and Coxa
Vara
• Anteriorly, (Torsion Angle) in transverse
Inclination
Angle
The axis of the femoral head and neck forms an angle
with the axis of the femoral shaft called the angle of
inclination.
Coxa Valga and Coxa Vara
Coxa vara and Coxa valga
What is Torsion Angle and its
pathological condition?
•
•
•
•
40 degree in the born child
Decrease 1.5 degree each year
10-15 degree in adult
Pathological Conditions
• Increased torsion angle (Anteversion
Angle)
• Decreased torsion angle (Retroversion
angle)
Torsion Torsion Angle
Angle
Anteversion Angle
Retroversion Angle
Abnormal
Torsion
Angle
Abnormal Torsion and
Inclination Angle
Compensation Changes in
Hip Joint
Stability Changes
Knee and
Ankle Joint
malfunction
Biomechanical
Changes in WB
Biomechanical
Changes in
muscles
Hip Joint
malfunction
‫سيرتكاملي بدن انسان‬
Explain the articular
congruence of the hip
joint
Frog leg Position
(Flexion, Abduction, Lat Rotation)
Maximum Contact Area
• Explain the Hip Joint Capsule
• Strong and full of fiber
• Cover head and neck of femur
• Have two kind of fibers
• Longitudinal (surface)
• Spiral (deep)
• More Thickness in ant and superior
• Tin in post and Inferior part
• Provide stability for joint
Explain the Hip Joint ligaments
•
Ligament Teres
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Inside the capsule but out side the synovial
Triangle shape
Stretch in semi-flex and ADD
Nutrition of the femoral head
Iliofemoral Lig
Pubofemoral Lig
Ischiofemoral Lig
•
In standing position (few Ext) cause
tension in these ligaments.
In normal condition Capsule and Ligaments can
tolerate 70% of body Weight
Ligament
Teres
Iliofemoral and
Pubofemoral
Ligaments
Ischiofemoral
Ligament
Which movement was limited by the
hip ligaments?
•
Iliofemoral Lig
•
•
Lat rot, Add (upper band) Abd,
(lower Band) and Ext
Pubofemoral Lig
•
•
Lat rot, Abd and Ext
Ischiofemoral Lig
•
Med rot, Add, Abd and Ext
Some important positions in Hip Joint
• Closed pack
• Ext, few Abd and Med Rot
• Most contact area
• Flex, Abd, Lat Rot
Between these positions the joint may be
dislocated such as:
Flex and Add (dashboard Injury)
• Decreased in Tension of Capsule and ligaments in
flex and few Abd
• This is the optional position for patients complain of
• Edema due to increase of sinovium fluid
• Inflammation in capsule or lig.