Download Anatomy Notes 9_21

Bellwork 9/21/16
Vertebral Column (Spine)
§ What is the purpose of the curvature of the spine?
§ Parts of a typical vertebra
§ Body (centrum)
§ Vertebral arch
§  Pedicle
§  Lamina
§ Vertebral foramen
§ Transverse processes
§ Spinous process
§ Superior and inferior articular processes
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Figure 5.19 A typical vertebra, superior view.
Lamina
Posterior
Transverse
process
Spinous
process
Vertebral
arch
Superior
articular
process
and
facet
Pedicle
Vertebral
foramen
Body
Anterior
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 5.20a Regional characteristics of vertebrae.
(a) ATLAS AND AXIS
Transverse
process
Posterior
arch
Anterior arch
Superior view of atlas (C1)
Transverse
process
Spinous process
Facet on
superior
articular
process
Dens
Body
Superior view of axis (C2)
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
THE ATLAS (C1) •  Lacks a body and spinous process •  Supports the skull: superior ar7cular facets receive the occipital condyles –  Allows flexion and extension of neck (nodding the head ‘yes’) © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 5.20b Regional characteristics of vertebrae.
The Axis (b) TYPICAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
Spinous process
Facet on
Vertebral
superior
foramen
articular
process
Transverse
process
Superior view
•  Has a body and spinous process •  Acts as a pivot for rota7on of the atlas and skull •  Par7cipates in rota7ng the head from side to side (“no”) Transverse process (c) Superior view of axis (C2) Superior articular
process
Spinous
process
Posterior C2 Inferior ar8cular process Dens © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 5.20c Regional characteristics of vertebrae.
Spinous process Lamina Pedicle Transverse
process
Facet on inferior
articular process
Right lateral view
Superior ar8cular facet Body © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 5.20d Regional characteristics of vertebrae.
(d) LUMBAR VERTEBRAE
Spinous process
Vertebral
Transverse
foramen
process
Facet on
superior
articular
process
Body
(c) THORACIC VERTEBRAE
Spinous process
Vertebral
Transverse
foramen
process
Facet on
superior
Facet
articular
for rib
process
Body
Facet on Superior view
superior
Body
articular
process
Facet on
Costal facet
transverse
Spinous
for rib
process
process
Right lateral view
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Body
Superior view
Superior
articular
process
Spinous
process
Body
Facet on inferior
articular process
Right lateral view
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Figure 5.21 Sacrum and coccyx, posterior view.
Sacral
canal
Ala
Superior Auricular
articular surface
process
Body
Median
sacral
crest
Sacrum
Coccyx
Sacral
hiatus
Posterior
sacral
foramina
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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