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Muscular System 3 Prof. Abdulameer Al-Nuaimi E-mail: [email protected] E. mail: [email protected] Level superficial superficial superficial superficial Muscle pronator teres flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris superficial (or intermediate) flexor digitorum superficialis deep flexor digitorum profundus deep deep flexor pollicis longus pronator quadratus Muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm (Flexors of wrist joint) Level superficial superficial Muscle brachioradialis extensor carpi radialis longus superficial extensor carpi radialis brevis superficial extensor carpi ulnaris superficial anconeus intermediate extensor digitorum posterior compartment of the forearm (extensor compartment) intermediate extensor digiti minimi deep abductor pollicis longus deep extensor pollicis brevis deep extensor pollicis longus deep extensor indicis deep supinator posterior compartment of the forearm (extensor compartment) Posterior muscles of the forearm (Extensor compartment) Muscle groups of the hand 1-Thenar (thumb) muscles 2-Hypothenar (little finger) muscles They abduct, flex and appose the thumb and little fingers Interossei muscles (four dorsal and three palmer) originating between the metacarpal bones They abduct (Dab) and adduct (Pad) the fingers Lumbrical muscles arising from the deep flexor Tendons (they are special because they have no bony origin) to insert on the dorsal tendons of the fingers They extend interphalangeal joints Thenar and Hypothenar muscles Muscles of the chest wall Intercostal muscles 1- External intercostal muscle 2- Internal intercostal muscle 3- Innermost intercostal muscle They Assist in Respiration Intercostal muscles Muscles of abdominal wall 1-Rectus abdominis muscle 2-External abdominis oblique muscle 3-Internal abdominis oblique muscle 4-Transversus abdominis muscle 5- Diaphragm Functions of abdominal muscles 1-Flex the trunk and increase the intra abdominal pressure They aid defecation and micturition (urination) Muscles of Abdomen Muscles of the lower limb Gluteal muscles They make up the buttocks: they are 1- gluteus maximus 2- gluteus medius 3- gluteus minimus The three muscles originate from the ilium and sacrum and insert on the femur. The functions of the muscles include extension, abduction, external rotation and internal rotation of the hip joint Lateral rotator group of the hip joint (deep posterior group) This group consists of the 1- Obturator Externus 2- Obturator Internus 3- piriformis 4- Superior Gemellus 5- Inferior Gemellus 6- Quadratus Femoris These six originate at or below the acetabulum of the ilium and insert on or near the greater trochanter of the femur. They are lateral rotator of the hip Hamstring group (posterior compartment of thigh) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps femoris They flex the knee joint Adductor muscles of the hip . The adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Pectineus Gracilis The adductors all originate on the pubis and insert on the medial, posterior surface of the femur They adduct the thigh Muscles of anterior aspect of the thigh Iliopsoas Sartorius Flexors of the hip and knee joint Quadriceps muscles 1- Rectus femoris muscle 2- Vastus medialis 3- Vastus intermedius 4- Vastus lateralis Extension of knee joint All four parts of the quadriceps muscle attach to the patella through the quadriceps tendon. Thigh anterior view The Vastus Intermedius muscle is underneath Rectus femoris muscle Quadriceps Muscles Muscles of anterior aspect of the leg Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Dorsiflex Extensor digitorum longus the foot Peroneus tertius Muscles of Lateral compartment of the leg 1-Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus 2-Peroneus Brevis Flex and Evert the foot Posterior compartment of the leg 1-Superficial posterior compartment gastrocnemius soleus Plantaris They form the Achilles tendon Which is inserted Into the calcaneus They planter flex the foot Deep posterior compartment of the leg flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus They planter flex the foot and toes tibialis posterior popliteus Thank you
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