Download Nutrition Quiz Study Guide

Health
Nutrition Study Guide
A calorie is a unit of energy found in food.
Metabolism is the chemical process by which the body breaks down food.
Carbohydrates
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Most readily available source of energy.
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Two types of carbohydrates:
o Simple carbohydrates give quick energy.
o Complex carbohydrates give more long lasting energy.
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Glucose-glycogen cycle
o Extra glucose from carbs are converted into glycogen
o Glycogen is stored in the body and converted back into glucose when extra energy is needed.
o If too many carbs are consumed and the glycogen stores are full, any excess carbs will be stored
as fat.
Fats
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Fats supply body with energy, form cells, maintain body temperature and protect nerves.
Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and are the “good” kind of fat.
Protein
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Promote growth and repair of body tissues.
Two types of proteins
o Complete proteins come from meat and have all 20 essential amino acids.
o Incomplete proteins come from plant based foods and lack one or more essential amino acid.
Vitamins and minerals do not give energy, but help the body use energy efficiently.
Vitamins
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Come from dark leafy vegetables, certain fruits, animals and animal by products.
Fat soluble dissolve in fat (ADEK)
Water soluble dissolve in water (B vitamins and C)
Minerals come from rocks and soil.
Reading food labels
Hunger is the feeling of physical discomfort caused by lack of nutrients
Appetite is the emotional desire for food.