Download Enzymes and Proteins

Proteins and Enzymes
What is a protein?
• Best sources:
– red meat,
– poultry,
– fish,
– eggs,
– dairy products,
– nuts,
– seeds,
– legumes like black beans
The proteins in you
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Your muscles
Your hair
Your finger nails
Your organs
Your immune system
Your brain
• ARE MOSTLY made up of PROTEINS
Protein Basics
• How much do we need on a daily basis?
– Adult humans need about 60 grams of protein
a day
• Do you think a protein shake or a protein
bar is complete (all the amino acids) or
incomplete (missing some amino acids)?
Why?
Protein basics
• Made up of amino acids
• Amino acids are like
beads on a string.
• There are 20 amino
acids total
• Your body can make 11
amino acids. The other
9, you must eat.
Protein structure
• Chains of amino acids
fold up to make tight
packages.
• The shape of the
package determines the
protein’s function.
• Heat unfolds proteins,
and can change their
structure.
All about enzymes!
• Enzymes are PROTEINS
• Enzymes SPEED UP reactions.
• Enzymes are SPECIFIC about what they
do.
• Enzymes are NOT CHANGED.
• Exposing enzymes to high temperatures
can break them.
Lactaid Lab
• Go back to your lactaid lab. Make sure
your answer for question 4 is complete!
• Pass to the center aisle.
Yummy Proteins
• JELL-O is made of
gelatin (a protein)
• Gelatin comes from
bones and
cartilage.
• 600 million pounds
of gelatin is made
every year (not all
for JELL-O)
Yummy Tropical Fruits
• Have proteinbreaking enzyme
called papain or
bromelain.
• Used as meat
tenderizer.
JELL-O and fruit!
No fruit
Solid? yes _____
no _____
Meat
tenderizer
Cooked
pineapple
Fresh kiwi
yes _____
yes _____
yes _____
no _____
no _____
no _____
On your half sheet of paper, write down what you think will
happen in each container of JELL-O. Solid or not?
Before you go…
1. Explain why some JELL-O was solid and
some was still liquid.
2. List four properties of enzymes.
3. List two proteins that are in your body.
When you go, stack your binders NEATLY
on the shelves! They are getting messy
again!