Download S3 Table. Manually annotated facial landmarks used in the study

S3 Table. Manually annotated facial landmarks used in the study.
Landmark
Number Abbreviation
Left (l) or
Description
Right (r)
The lowest anterior midpoint of the chin, located
Gnathion
(Menthon)
1
on the skin surface in front of the identical
gn
landmark of the mandible
The most anterior midpoint of the chin, located on
Pogonion
2
the surface in front of the identical bony landmark
pg
on the mandible
Determines the lower border of the lower lip or the
Sublabiale
Labiale
inferius
3
sl
upper border of the chin
4
li
The midpoint of the lower vermillion line
The imaginary point at the crossing of the vertical
facial midline and the horizontal labial fissure
Stomion
5
sto
between gently closed lips, with teeth shut in the
natural position
Labiale
The midpoint of the upper vermillion line
6
ls
Cheilion
7
ch(l)
Left
The point located at each labial commissure
Cheilion
8
ch(r)
Right
The point located at each labial commissure
superius
The most lateral point on the mandibular angle
Gonion
9
go(l)
Left
close to the bony gonion
The most lateral point on the mandibular angle
Gonion
10
go(r)
Right
close to the bony gonion
The midpoint of the angle at the columnella base
Subnasale
11
sn
where the lower border of the nasal septum and the
surface of the upper lip meet.
The most protruded point of the nasal tip
Pronasale
12
prn
Alare
13
al(l)
Left
The most protruded point of each alar contour
Alare
14
al(r)
Right
The most protruded point of each alar contour
15
n
Nasion (soft
tissue)
The deepest point on the nasal bridge
The most prominent midline point between the
Glabella
16
g
eyebrows
The point of the hairline in the midline of the
Trichion
Endocanthion
Exocanthion
Palpebrale
superius
Palpebrale
inferius
17
18
19
tr
forehead
en(l)
Left
ex(l)
Left
The point at the inner commissure of the eye
fissure
The point at the outer commissure of the eye
fissure
The highest point in the midportion of the free
20
21
ps(l)
Left
pi(l)
Left
margin of each upper eyelid
The lowest point in the midportion of the free
margin of each lower eyelid
The point at the inner commissure of the eye
Endocanthion
22
en(r)
Right
fissure
The point at the outer commissure of the eye
Exocanthion
Palpebrale
superius
Palpebrale
inferius
23
ex(r)
Right
fissure
The highest point in the midportion of the free
24
25
ps(r)
Right
pi(r)
Right
margin of each upper eyelid
The lowest point in the midportion of the free
margin of each lower eyelid
Zygion
26
zy(r)
Right
The most lateral point of each zygomatic arch
Zygion
27
zy(l)
Left
The most lateral point of each zygomatic arch
The highest point on the free margin of the ear
Superaurale
28
sa(l)
Left
lobe
The lowest point on the free margin of the ear
Subalare
29
sba(l)
Left
lobe
The most posterior point on the free margin of the
Postaurale
30
pa(l)
Left
ear
Tragion
31
t(l)
Left
The notch on the upper margin of the tragus
Tragion
32
t(r)
Right
The notch on the upper margin of the tragus