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Oedipus-A Greek Tragedy By Sophocles Tragedy “goat song” Experts believe the tragedy came from some sort of ritual sacrifice accompanied by a choral song that honors Dionysus, the god of fields, vineyards and mirth. Aristotle In literature, tragedy imitates the actions of people of a station above the norm Comedy imitates the actions of people below the norm Aristotles 6 Necessary Elements of a True Tragedy Fable (plot)-structure of events where consequences are necessary or probable results of the antecedents Character-the factor that defines the quality of people Thought-rhetoric (speech) indicates social morality Language-semantics, dictions Melody (song)- the sensuous effect of the Chorus which arouses emotion (Sophocles’ Chorus is a commentator of action). Spectacle-the elements on stage Plot or Fable Irony-unexpected reversal of the course of events Dramatic/verbal/cosmic Dramatic-Audience and author have knowledge the characters don’t have Verbal-the meaning that a speaker implies differs sharply from the meaning expressed Cosmic-a deity or fate deliberately manipulates events Disclosure-a change from ignorance to knowledge Crisis of feeling-a harmful or painful experience Pity is aroused by unmerited misfortune. Tragic Hero Catharsis is achieved through an error in judgment (often hubris), not through moral depravity or vice. The hero is representative or symbolic of those who go through a disaster in an intense form. The greater the person, the more acute his tragedy. First Oracle Laius and Jocasta are told their son will kill his father and marry his mother They arrange for wild animals to “off” the kid Second Oracle Oedipus is confronted with a taunt of his uncertain parentage He seeks advice from the Oracle at Delphi Same forecast-kill dad; marry mom Opposite direction away from Corinth Big oops! At the place where 3 roads meet Road rage Riddle of the Sphinx Body of lioness; head of a woman; wings who destroys all who cannot answer the riddle Sphinx really has it in for Thebes “Which animal has one voice, but two, three, or four feet being slowest of three?” Hurray for Oedipus! Long live the King; how would like to marry the Queen? Third Oracle 4 kids and years later, another plague in Thebes—children, animals, crops dying Caused by the sin of harboring a murderer whose crime is unpunished Oedipus places a horrible curse on the killer and determines to seek the truth Teiresias-blind prophet identified the killer Enduring Ideas Sight vs blindness Who’s in charge? Truth at all costs