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WEB SCIENCE: THE EVOLVING WEB Describe newer methods of online interaction • Interaction ~ Social • Social Networking • Facebook • LinkedIn • Social Media • Twitter • YouTube • Social News • Reddit • Social Collaboration • Wikipedia • Google Drive/Docs How has the web removed international boundaries? What is cloud computing? • Cloud ~ Internet • A large number of interconnected computers offering services • Distributed computer • Sometimes synonymous to cloud services • Most common: • Computational power (running programs) • Storage capacity (storing data) • Private clouds vs. public clouds • Public Examples: • Google Drive • Google App Engine • Amazon Web Services • Dropbox • Netflix Private cloud vs. public cloud • Private cloud • A cloud computer/infrastructure that is private to an organization • The organization must maintain its private cloud of computers • Example: • Arlington Public Schools stores all its data on a distributed network of databases. • Public cloud • Cloud services are open for public use (over the Internet) • Cloud services can be free or can be for a fee • Examples: • Google Drive & App Engine • Amazon Web Services Prior to cloud computing • If you were a software company… • You maintained your own servers • You stored your own data on your own servers • You ran your programs on your computers • Security & maintenance are expensive! • Pay for hardware • Pay for software • Pay for people (support staff) • What if you did not use all of it?! • What if you need more?! • Outsource it! Cloud computing advantages • Offer CPU time and storage through the Internet • web services • Cloud computing companies specialize in web services, so you do not have to • Amazon Web Services: • Specialize in reliability • Specialize in scalability • Specialize in security • Lower administrative and maintenance costs • You pay for what you use • Save time and money • Prices drop with specialized web services Cloud computing disadvantages • What are possible disadvantages with cloud computing? How do we keep information private? • Prevent unauthorized access • Authenticate the identity of the user first • What is authentication? • Verifying the claimed identity of the user • What are some different mechanisms for authentication? Web Monopolies & Oligopolies • Monopoly ~ single entity that controls/dominates a market • Oligopoly ~ small number of entities that dominate a market • What are some examples? • Internet Service Providers? • Web Search? • Social Networks? • Cloud Services? • Why do you think this happened? (the web creating unregulated monopolies or oligopolies)
