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Cell Organelles
In many cells, the structure
that controls the cell's
activities is the
What is a vacuole?
Distinct threadlike structures
containing genetic
information are
Nucleus
A storage area for water,
nutrients, and sometimes waste
DNA (Chromatin)
The organelle(s) that makes
energy available for the cell
is
What is the function of the
centrioles?
What happens in the rough
endoplasmic reticulum?
Mitochondria and
Chloroplast
Help the animal cell to divide
during cell division
Assembly and transportation
of materials such as proteins
What is the main function of
the cell wall?
What is the function of
ribosomes?
Describe the role of the Golgi
apparatus.
Support and Protect the Cell
Produce proteins using
Modification and Packaging of
instructions from the membrane materials from the ER for
transport throughout the cell
What is cytoplasm?
What is the function of the
nucleolus?
What are the two types of
structures that make up the
cytoplasm?
Substance in the cell which
helps to hold organelles in
place
Makes ribosomes
SKIP
What is the purpose of the
cilia and flagella?
What is the function of the
rough and a smooth
endoplasmic reticulum?
What is the function of a
lysosome?
Help the organism to move or
move materials around the
organism
Assembly and transportation of
materials
Use digestive enzymes to break
down materials
Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
What organisms are
prokaryotes?
What is the main characteristic
of prokaryotes?
If a cell of an organism contains
a nucleus, the organism is
Bacteria
Lacks a nucleus
eukaryotic
What is the function of the cell
membrane found in both
prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Animal cells and plant cells are
(eukaryotes, prokaryotes).
Label the bacteria
1. Flagella, 2. Pili, 3. DNA, 4.
Cell Membrane, 5. Ribosomes, 6.
Cell Wall, 7. Capsule
Provide support and control
what enters and leaves the cell
eukaryotes
What is the purpose of the
flagella for bacteria?
Where is the DNA found in a
eukaryote cell?
Transports the bacteria from
place to place
Inside of the nucleus
Which are the smallest and
simplest cells?
(eukaryotes, prokaryotes).
prokaryotes
CELL THEORY
What is the contribution of
Matthias Schleiden to the cell
theory?
What is the contribution of
Theodor Schwann to the cell
theory?
What is the contribution of
Rudolf Virchow to the cell
theory?
All plants are made of cells
All animals are made of cells
Cells come from preexisting
(other) cells
Name the three parts of the cell
theory:
What is the contribution of
Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
What is the contribution of
Robert Hooke to the cell
theory?
Looks are microscopic organisms
in pond water and called them
“animalcules”
Looked at a cork cell, came up
with the term cell.
The cell is the basic unit of
_____________
of living things.
Cells come from
_______________ cells.
All living organisms are made
of _____________.
Structure and function
Existing
Cells
All cells have ___________
on which proteins are
made.
All cells have _______ which
provides
instructions for making
proteins.
What common boundary do all
cells have?
ribosomes
DNA
Cell Membrane
1. All living things are composed
of cells
2. Cell is the basic unit of
structure and function of living
things.
3. Cells come from existing cells
Comparison of Plant and Animal cells
Plants have an outer boundary
that animal cells do not have.
It is called the
__________________.
The cell wall in plants contains
what polysaccharide?
What takes up the main part
of the plant cell?
Cellulose
Large Central Vacuole
What organelle do animal cells
have that plant cells do not
have?
This is a _____cell.
Cell Wall
The organelle in plants that
carries out photosynthesis.
Plant
Chloroplast
Centrioles, Lysosomes, and Small
Vacuoles
This is a(an) ______ cell.
What is the purpose of the
central vacuole?
Animal
A large storage area for water,
nutrients, and sometimes waste
Name the three organelles
that plants have and animal
cells do not have.
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Large Central Vacuole
What does B represent?
What does A represent?
What does C represent?
Vacuole
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
What other organisms besides
plants have chloroplasts?
What organelle in plants
presses against the cell wall
making the cell rigid?
Cell Membrane
Some Protists
Microscopes
How is the image formed
for compound light
microscope?
It is backwards from what
you would see naturally
What adjustment knob is
used for focusing while
using the low power
objective?
How is an image formed for
electron microscopes?
What adjustment knob is used
for focusing while using the high
power objective?
Electrons can form 2D
(Transmission Electron
Microscope) or 3D images
(Scanning Electron Microscope)
Fine Adjustment Only
What is the purpose of the
diaphragm on the compound
light microscope?
Which kind of microscope must
you use to make a 3D image of
something like a virus or atom?
Which # __13___?
Course and Fine Adjustment
Adjust the amount of light which
comes through the stage
Electron Microscope
Which # __12/13__?
Which # __7__?
What are the last three
steps of using a
microscope?
What is the maximum
magnification that is known
for the compound light
microscope?
Place on the lowest power
objective, move the
revolving nosepiece up, and
turn it off.
Explain how to calculate
total magnification for a
compound light
microscope.
Eye piece (also called the
ocular lens) multiplied by the
magnification of the
objective you are using.
10x (eyepiece) x 40x (high
power) = 400x total
magnification
What is the purpose of the
revolving nosepiece on the
compound light microscope?
Allows you to adjust the
magnification of an image easily
from low to medium and then
high power.
Which # __2__?
Which number below represents
the ocular lens?
#9
The Cell Membrane and Transport
Diffusion means molecules
move from ___________ to
___________ concentration.
High to Low
What is the difference between
active transport and passive
transport?
Active transport requires energy to
move from low to high
concentration.
Passive transport does not require
energy to move from high to low
concentration
How is facilitated diffusion
similar and different from
diffusion?
Both types of diffusion require
no energy. Facilitated
diffusion does require a
protein to move larger
molecules
What happens to plant cells
placed in hypotonic solutions?
What happens to cells placed in
isotonic solutions? (Sketch)
The movement of water
across a selectively
permeable membrane is
The vacuole fills up and the cell
membrane pushes against the cell
wall.
Osmosis
Turgor pressure (Plant Perks Up)
It stays the same
A substance that moves across a What is a hypertonic solution?
cell membrane without using
(Sketch)
the cell's energy tends to move
Shrinks
What is a hypotonic
solution? (Sketch)
Swells
With the concentration gradient,
high to low concentration
Explain why the cell membrane
is selectively permeable.
What is phagocytosis?
It allows materials to move
through the membrane at different
rates, not all materials can easily
move through the membrane
A type of endocytosis which
means cell eating (solid particles).
Pinocytosis means cell is drinking
(large amount of liquids).
What is endocytosis?
Movement of bulk materials
into the cell using energy.
What is exocytosis?
Movement of bulk materials
out of the cell using energy.
Label the diagram H, G, E
H = Phospholipid Bilayer
G = Protein Channel
E = Cholesterol
D = Carbohydrate
What happens to animal cells
placed in hypertonic solutions?
What does dynamic
equilibrium mean?
Water moves out of the cell and it
shrinks
The amount of water in and
out of the cell are the same, so
there is not net movement of
water. Water moves in and
out at the same rate.