Download unit 4.1 Neuromuscular Function

Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Unit 4.1
Key learning
intention (KLI)
Success criteria
Resources
Key words
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Neuromuscular function
To understand how muscles move and what makes athletes differ in terms of their
physiological make-up in regards to muscles.
I can produce a video which outlines how muscle fibres are innervated and how fibres
differ in structure and function for different athletes.
P75-81
Axon, neuromuscular junction, dendrite, nucleus, motor unit, troponin, tropomyosin,
sarcoplasmic reticulum, myosin, actin, cholinesterase, acetylcholine,
Let’s start by seeing what your work at the end of this unit should look like.
Here’s the video that one of last year’s groups produced.
Maybe your already feel you can do something similar but over the next few lessons you will fill in any gaps in
your knowledge so you can explain in perfect detail exactly how we move.
First were going to watch a fantastic video that presents the muscular system brilliantly. Read through what is
required for the rest of this unit so you know what you’re looking for before watching the video.
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
4.1.1.
Label a diagram of a motor unit
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
What is the contractile unit of
muscle called?
Define what the following terms
represent;
H Zone
A Band
Z line
Component
Axon
Dendrite
Cell body
Nucleus
synapse
Neuromuscular junction
Draw your own version in the space below
Description
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
4.1.3.
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Explain how skeletal muscle contracts using the sliding filament theory.
You now need to match the statements in the boxes below to the pictures in the table. Using the resources
provided below and Mr Doyle’s plasticine demonstration, cut and paste the correct statements into the
correct boxes.
The motor neuron initiates a resting potential
through repoliraziation. Cholinesterase, an enzyme
that breaksdown acetylcoline, is released and cause
the muscle cell to replorize and relax.
Cross bridge formation is termimated as there is no
calcium which means the myosin binding sites on
the actin filament are covered by tropomyosin. ATP
Return the myosin heads to a resting state.
Myosin binding sites on actin are covered by
tropomyosin.
Calcium binds to troponin on the tropomyosin which
causes it to move and reveal the mysosin binding
sites on the actin. In the presence of magnesium,
ATP on the Mysoin head is hydrolysed to form ADP +
Phosphate
calcium ions are removed from the cell and returned
to the sacrosplasmic reticulum via the calcium pump
calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
into the muscle cell.
The cell membrane is depolarised (positive
inside/negative outside) and acetylcholine
(neurotransmitter) is released. This allows sodium
into the cell and increases the cells permeability.
Each muscle contraction begins with an
electrochemical reaction arriving at the cell
membrane (neuromuscular junction).
Cross bridge formed. Myosin head remains bound
until ATP molecule releases it. As long as there is
calcium available cross bridge formation will
continue until maximum contraction of the muscle
fibre is reached.
TRY THESE VIDEOS TO AID YOU IN YOUR UNDERSTANDING


VIDEO ONE
VIDEO TWO
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Match the statements to the correct picture (cut and paste)
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Now complete the ‘sliding filament theory steps gone bad’ document in the unit four folder in edmodo.
Remember, you are trying to identify which parts of the process are incorrect.
Explain how fast and slow twitch fibres differ in structure and function
Before you complete the table below discuss with your classmates and teachers how fibre types might differ
for different types of athletes. What are the physiological requirements that allow athletes to be successful is
different types of athletic events i.e. marathon runner and a sprinter.
Type I
Contraction time
Resistance to fatigue
Type IIa
Type IIb
Fast
high
Force production
Very high
Energy system
Long term anaerobic
Mitochondrial density
High
Capillary density
High
Oxidative capacity
Intermediate
Glycolytic capacity
High
Major storage fuel
Creatine phosphate
Size of motor neuron
small
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4.1
Key learning
intention (KLI)
Neuromuscular function
To understand how muscles move and what makes athletes differ in terms of their
physiological make-up in regards to muscles.
Success criteria
I can produce a video which outlines how muscle fibres are innervated and how fibres
differ in structure and function for different athletes.
You have finished unit 4.1, you should now be able to achieve the success criteria above.
How about some quick revision before you complete the end of unit assessment.
Now go to edmodo and complete the end of unit assessment. If you score more than 90% you can move
onto the next unit. Feedback will be given within 24 hours.