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CELLS!
Packet 4 Part 2
Two Basic Cell Types
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
What do all cells have in
common?
 All cells are the basic unit of life
 All cells contain DNA
 All cells have ribosomes (where protein
synthesis occurs)
 All cells have a cell membrane
 All cells have cytoplasm
What do cells do?
 Cells have 3 main jobs
 make energy
ATP
 make proteins
 make more cells
PLANT CELL
ANIMAL CELL
12
10
11
6
4
3
2
5
7
1
8
9
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell with
instructions for
making proteins
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
build proteins
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ribosomes
build proteins
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
builds proteins
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ER
• Rough
• Smooth
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
builds proteins
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ER
Golgi apparatus
finishes, packages
& ships proteins
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
vacuole & vesicles
transport inside cells
storage
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
builds proteins
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ER
helps finish proteins
makes membranes
Golgi apparatus
finishes, packages
& ships proteins
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
lysosome
intracellular digestion
waste disposal &
recycling
vacuole & vesicles
transport inside cells
storage
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
builds proteins
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ER
helps finish proteins
makes membranes
Golgi apparatus
finishes, packages
& ships proteins
cytoplasm
jelly-like material holding
organelles in place
Centrioles
produce
spindle fibers
during celllysosome
division
vacuole & vesicles
transport inside cells
storage
nucleus
protects DNA
controls cell
ribosomes
builds proteins
mitochondria
make ATP energy
from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement
of materials in & out
recognizes signals
ER
helps finish proteins
makes membranes
Golgi apparatus
finishes, packages
& ships proteins
Plant cell special features
central vacuole
storage: food,
water or waste
cell wall
support
chloroplast
make sugars in
photosynthesis
Why are cells so
small?
What are the biggest
cells?
Figure 4.3