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Ecology 2 Human Impact Study Guide answers Effect of population growth on environment: Resource depletion Increased pollution Reach carrying capacity Loss of biodiversity Etc. What is a resource? Anything that needs to be consumed (or used) to obtain a benefit from it What is a renewable resource? Something that replaces itself within a lifetime Trees, fish, wind, solar What is a nonrenewable resource? Something that can not replace itself in a lifetime Coal, gas, oil 3 R’s Reduce, reuse, recycle How does deforestation upset the process of soil formation? What happens to the soil if there is no vegetation? Tree roots hold soil in place, tree leaves add organic material to the soil. Loss of trees can result in soil erosion and less material to make new soil Can energy be recycled? No , doesn’t go back to the sun, one way path through food chains What is direct harvesting? Removal of species from their habitat, can be detrimental. In what ways do people misuse land? Over farming, landfills, deforestation, slash and burn agriculture Why is habitat destruction so detrimental to the environment? Alters food chains and food webs, loss of biodiversity, change in global climate Why are imported species detrimental to a local ecosystem? Out compete native species, they have no natural predators to control their population growth. In what ways do we pollute water? Pesticide, fertilizers, litter, run off from parking lots, etc. What is thermal pollution? Putting water into an ecosystem that is warmer or colder then the ecosystem. Why do plant sometimes grow more in polluted water? More fertilizer What is the relationship between water temperature and dissolved oxygen? Indirect, that means as the water temperature increases the amount of dissolved oxygen decreases. What does this mean? Organisms that use dissolved oxygen (fish) get less oxygen in warmer water. (see thermal pollution) How do harmful chemical get in the water? Point source (we put them there directly). Non-point source (they get to large bodies of water through runoff) How does burning of fossil fuel affect the carbon cycle? More carbon, more global warming, my get more oxygen with photosysnthesis. Nitrogen cycle? Increased NOx, more N added Water cycle? More acid rain due to NOx and Sox What is acid precipitation and how is it formed? NOx and SOx from the burning of fossil fuels mixes with rainwater, snow etc. Precipitation has always been acidic but it more acidic today. How is smog formed? Pollution and sunlight What is the green house effect? The natural trapping of radiated heat, it keeps are planet warm. What is global warming? The rise in overall global temperature, it is believed that increased use of fossil fuels is producing more CO2 , causing this problem. What is the role of the ozone? To block harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun What is a trade-off? A compromise How are we trying to improve our relationship with the environment? R,R,R, Laws, more fuel efficient cars, alternative energies What is the eventual impact of detrimental impacts on biodiversity? Loss of biodiversity.