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Climate Meteorology of Hawai’i Topics • Climatic Variability • Latitude • Pacific Ocean • Atmospheric Circulation • Terrain Topics • Climatic Variability • Latitude • Pacific Ocean • Atmospheric Circulation • Terrain ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATON ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATON Trade Wind Inversion Hadley Cell Hadley Cell The Hadley Cell profoundly influences Hawaii’s climate Hadley Cell The Hadley Cell profoundly influences Hawaii’s climate Warm, moist, low density air rises at the equator Hadley Cell The Hadley Cell profoundly influences Hawaii’s climate Warm, moist, low density air rises at the equator Cool, dry, high density air descends at 30oN Hadley Cell The Hadley Cell profoundly influences Hawaii’s climate Warm, moist, low density air rises at the equator Cool, dry, high density air descends at 30oN Trade Winds - air that returns to 0o across Earth’s surface Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind Inversion A prominent temperature inversion forms over the Hawai’i region Trade Wind Inversion A prominent temperature inversion forms over the Hawai’i region Called the Trade Wind inversion Trade Wind Inversion A prominent temperature inversion forms over the Hawai’i region Called the Trade Wind inversion Temperature inversion forms when descending cool air meets ascending warm air Trade Wind Inversion A prominent temperature inversion forms over the Hawai’i region Called the Trade Wind inversion Temperature inversion forms when descending cool air meets ascending warm air Prevents the warm, moist surface air from ascending further Trade Wind inversion Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind inversion is especially well-developed in the summer Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind inversion is especially well-developed in the summer Forms between 1500-3000 m, where the clouds form Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind inversion is especially well-developed in the summer Forms between 1500-3000 m, where the clouds form These low altitude clouds are less effective at producing rain Trade Wind Inversion Trade Wind inversion is especially well-developed in the summer Forms between 1500-3000 m, where the clouds form These low altitude clouds are less effective at producing rain So the Hawai’i region has a relatively low annual rainfall Low altitude clouds Low annual rainfall Mountain Top Deserts Mauna Kea Photo Mountain Top Deserts The highest shield volcano summits are cloudless deserts Mauna Kea Photo Wet Winters Wet Winters Winter weather is wetter because the high-pressure system to the north weakens in the winter Wet Winters Winter weather is wetter because the high-pressure system to the north weakens in the winter This can result in Kona winds and rain, especially in the leeward regions TERRAIN Next TERRAIN
