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Plant Tissues and Organs • • • • • • • • Annuals Biennials Perennials Dicots Monocots Cotyledon Root system Shoot system • • • • • • • • • SIMPLE TISSUES Meristems Apical meristems Primary growth Cambia—lateral meristems Secondary growth Woody plants Vascular cambium Cork cambium Simple Tissues • Parenchyma • Photosynthesis, storage, transport, healing, production of new plant parts. • Palisades and spongy parenchyma • Collenchyma— support cell—cigar shaped. (celery) • Sclerenchyma • Walls contain lignin— elastic and strong. Tissue Systems • Dermal tissue system (epidermis) • Cuticle • Functions • Guard cells • Stomates • Periderm or bark • Vascular Tissue System • Xylem and phloem • Xylem—made of tracheids and vessel members—dead cells • Perforated • Secondary xylem forms wood • Growth rings • transpiration Tissue Systems • • • • Phloem Sieve tube members Companion cells Phloem loading Plant Organs • • • • • • • Stem Primary stem tissues Secondary stem tissues Pith Pith-parenchyma Cortex Dicot vs. monocot Roots • • • • • • • • Tap root system Fibrous Root System Root hairs Adventitious roots Root cap Apical meristem Endodermis Casparian strip Leaves • • • • • • • • Blade Petiole Simple leaf Compound leaf Leaflet Mesophyll Palisade parenchyma Spongy parenchyma • Venation • Parallel veins • Net veins
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