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Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it! …it is the topic Geography is a BIG subject! We will divide geography into 5 different THEMES/topics The 5 Themes of Geography were developed as a method/way for studying geography. The themes help us categorize/organize geographic information. Geography = noun Geographic = adjective Question investigated: Where is it? Two categories of location: A. Absolute location B. Relative location Absolute Location A specific place on Earth Coordinates: Latitude and longitude Where a place is in relation to/compared to another place Uses directional (N,E,S,W) words to describe Question investigated: What is it like? The 2 categories are: A) Physical places B) Human places Physical (natural) characteristics of the environment that is distinct Eg. climate, landforms, water features, plants, wildlife… Human (not natural) characteristics of a place that is distinct Eg. activities, architecture, economy, religion, language…etc Question investigated: How does the physical place influence/affect/impact humans? How do human activities affect the physical place? Two Categories of interaction. . . A) Human adaptation (root word = adapt/adjust) B) Human alteration (root word = alter/change) http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/corbis/DGT119/BAG0017.jpg Humans adapt to their environment Examples: adapt to climate (shelter, clothes…) Humans alter their natural environment using technology Question investigated: How do people, goods and ideas move around? Two categories. . . A) Material movement (can see) B) Non-material movement (cannot see) obvious movement using land, water, or air vehicle less obvious movement Examples: movement of information/ideas through wires Question investigated: What areas have unifying/common features? Two categories of region. . . A) Formal region B) Functional region Formal regions share at least 1 unifying/common feature. Examples of features that define a region: Landform regions (eg. Mountain areas, flat lands) Political regions (eg. provinces, countries, cities) Cultural regions (eg. Chinatown, Little India) Language regions (eg. French neighbourhood) Economic regions (eg. Agricultural area, financial district) Climate regions (eg. Arctic climate, tropical climate) Functional regions are defined by a function/goal/purpose It is an interactive system with interconnected parts. Examples: central business district (CBD), newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area, ecosystems (natural functional region) Is it possible for there to be formal regions within functional regions? Is it possible for there to be functional regions within formal regions? Mr. Help! M R HE L P Movement Region Human Environment Interaction Location Place The next page is an example of a 5 themes analysis of High Park, as discussed in class… Location Absolute location: (exact street) Relative location: East of kipling station Physical place: Cherry blossoms, flowers, ponds, lakes Human place: Canadian-born residents, photographers, gardeners, tourists, picnics, old victorian style houses, wealthy community Movement Material: tour bus, TTC, biking Non-Material: Information about the animals and cherry trees Place HIGH PARK Region Formal region: High park can be a formal region because the area is defined by it’s rich greenery/nature (trees, water bodies). It is also a wealthy area with many Canadian-born residents Human-Environment Interaction Human Alteration: Build roads and walking paths, damage the trees and pollute the water, control the animals Human Adaptation: Visit during the spring, bring a light jacket near the water, spend leisure time in the open fields, biking, take photos…