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• What are Atom Bombs? • What is an Atom? • The Structure of an Atom • How to Determine the Number of Protons, Neutrons, Electrons • Myth Buster Challenge • Isotopes * B3.1 Explain the relationship between the atomic number and the mass number of an element, and the difference between isotopes of an element * B3.2 explain the relationship between isotopic abundance of an element’s isotopes and the relative atomic mass of the element Atom: Is the smallest particle of an element that still retains (contains) the identity and property of the element The Modern Atomic Theory: * All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms contain subatomic particles: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons! * The atoms of one element Cannot be converted into atoms of another element in a chemical reaction. * All atoms of one element have the same properties, such has mass and size * Atoms of different elements combine in specific proportions to form compounds Are Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons the smallest Particles known to man? Are atoms of an element with the same number of protons and electrons, but have a different number of neutrons Ex. Oxygen-16 (8 protons, 8 electrons 8 neutrons) Oxygen-17 (8 protons,8 electrons, 9 neutrons) Oxygen-18 (8 protons,8 electrons, 10 neutrons) If Garth Brookes has 32 pennies (1c) and 12 nickels (5c) in his hand. What is the average cost of a coin in his hand? Average Atomic Mass (Atomic Mass): is the average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element Oxygen’s atomic mass is: 15.99 u or g/mol Isotopic abundance: is the amount of an isotope compared to all of the isotopes of an element, expressed as percent (%) Ex. Oxygen-17 makes up 34% of all oxygen isotopes Questions: 1. Boron has two isotopes. The first, has a mass of 10.01 u and makes up 19.78%. The second, has a mass of 11.01 u and makes up 80.22%. What is the average atomic mass of Boron? 2. Silver has two isotopes, the first has a mass of 106.9 u and an abundance of 51.8%, the second has a mass of 108.9 u and an abundance of 48.2. What is the average atomic mass of silver? 3. Lithium has two isotopes and an average atomic mass of 6.94 u. If isotope 1 has a mass of 7.015 u and an abundance of 92.58%, what is the mass of second isotope if it has an abundance of 7.42%?