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Chapter 17 Science Notes – Grade Six Law of Electric Charges - like charges repel, opposite charges attract Electric Force - the force of attraction or repulsion on a charged particle Electric Field - the space around a charged object Proton - positive, electrically charge part of an atom found in the nucleus Electron - negative, electrically charge part of an atom found orbiting the nucleus Three ways to charge an object - friction, induction, conduction Electroscope - a device used to detect a charge Electrical Conductor - a material in which charges can move freely Electrical Insulator - a material in which charges cannot move freely Static Electricity - electric charge at rest Electric Discharge - the release of electricity stored in a source Electric Current - the rate at which charges pass through a given point. Measured in amps Voltage - the potential difference between to points Electrical Resistance - the opposition presented to the current by a material or device Electrical Cell - a device that produces an electrical current Thermocouple - a device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy Photocell - a device that converts light energy into electrical energy Electric Power - the rate at which electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy Electrical Energy = power x time or E = P x t Electrical Circuit - a complete, closed path through which electrical charges flow 3 Parts to a Circuit - energy source, wire, load (devices) 2 Types of Circuits - Series (one pathway), Parallel (more than one pathway) Electrical Safety - Fuses, circuit breakers, GFCI stop the flow of electricity when overloaded