Download Republic of Serbia Ministry of Science - WBC

ERA INDICATORS AND WBC
02-03 October 2008.
Science and Economy Profile in
Republic Serbia
dr Velimir Petrović,
Institute IMR
dr Stana Petović,
Ministry of Science and Technological Development
Ministry of Science and Technological Development
Republic Serbia
Profile of west Balkan countries
•
•
•
•
•
•
Albania
BH
Montenegro
Croatia
FRY Macedona
Serbia
Serbia
Profile of Western Balkan countries
Population: 10.16 million with AP
Kosmet
GDP (PPP): 77.28 bil. USD
GDP (current): 41.685 bil. USD
GDP groth rate: 7.3%
GDP (PPP) per capita: 10.400 USD
GDP by sector:
agriculture
12.3%
industry
24.2%
services
63.5%
Unemployment: 18.8%
Bellow poverty limit:
6.5%
Inflation rate:
6.8%
Investments (gross):
20.1% od GDP
Public debt:
37% od GDP
Balance:
-6.89 miliona. USD
Export: 8.24 bil. USD
Import: 18.35 bil. USD
External debt:
26.94 bil. USD /2008/
Izvor: CIA the World Factbook 2008
Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
billion USD
GDP
GDP
(official real growth
rate
exchange
rate) USD
%
GDP (PPP)
USD per
capita
Albania
19.92
10.62
6
6.300
Bosnia and
Hercegovina
27.73
14.73
5.8
7000
Montenegro
5.92
2.95
7.5
3800
Croatia
68.98
51.36
5.8
15.500
FRY
Macedonija
17.35
7.5
5
8.500
Serbia
77.28
41.69
7.3
10.400
Economy Indicators
GDP composition by sector (%)
Agriculture
Industry
Services
Albanija
21.2
20.1
58.7
Bosna and
hercegovina
Montenegro
10.2
23.3
66.1
>80
7.2
31.6
61
FRY
Macedonia
11.9
28.2
59
Serbia
12.3
24.2
63.5
Croatia
Economic Indicators
Labor force – by occupation (%):
Albania
Bosna and
Hercegovina
Montenegro
Croatia
FRY
Macedonia
SERBIA
Agriculture
industri
Services
58
15
27
-
-
-
2
30
68
2.7
32.8
64.5
19.6
30.4
50
30
46
24
Economic Indicators
“Black” Indicators (%)
Unemployment Population Inflation rate
below
powerty
line
13/official rate
30 %
25
2.7
Bosna i
hercegovina
Montenego
45.5
25
1.3
14.7
7
3.4
Croatia
11.8
11
2.9
35
29.8
2.3
18.8
6.5
6.8
Albanija
FRY
Macedonia
SERBIA
Economic Indicators
Indicators of economy I
INVESTMENT
Public dept
Current
account
balance
% GDP
% GDP
Albania
23.3
52.5
- 877
Bosnia and
Hercegovina
Montenegro
23.3
n.a.
- 1.920
30.5
38
n.a.
Croatia
30.9
47.3
- 4.385
FRY
Macedonia
17.7
30.8
- 202
Serbia
20.1
37
- 6.890
Million USD
Economic Indicators
Indicators of economy II
Exsports
bilion
USD
Imports
bilion
USD
Debt
external
bilion
USD
Albania
1.09
3.89
1.55
Bosnia and
Hercegovina
4.24
9.95
6.70
Montenegro
0.17
0.61
0.650
12.02
26.54
45.29
FRY
Macedonia
3.35
4.98
3.97
Serbia
8.24
18.35
26.24
Croatia
Economic Indicators
Energy production:
Electricity
Natural gas
billion
kWh
Oil
billion
bbl/day
million
cub. m
5.39
7 066
29
Bosnia and
Hercegovina
Montenegro
12.22
-
-
2.86
-
-
Croatia
11.99
27 190
1 447
6.05
-
-
33.87
14 660
650
Albania
FRY
Macedonia
Serbia
Economic Indicators
Communications
Telephone
Radio
TV
Internet
thousends
km
km
thousends
users
Albania
354
60
3+62
471
Bosnia and
Hercegovina
989
26
33
950
Montenegro
354
31
13
266
1 832
117
36
1 586
491
82
52
268
2 719
153
47
1 400
Croatia
FRY
Macedonija
Serbia
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
Situacion 2000.
• Recent R&D have no impact onto economy and society in
Serbia.
• There has not been stable public funding of research
institutes.
• There has not been world-class research by a large portion
of researchers and institutions.
• There has not been continuous and stable S&T policy.
• There have not been research focus and priorities between
different scientific disciplines.
• Funding of R&D has been low and research conditions are
inappropriate.
• The brain drain problem has been very high.
• International research collaboration almost does not exist.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Current situation in funding system
Business sector(BES)
Government sector
(GOV: MS,MHE,Other ministries)
Private non profit sector(PNP)
2006.:
- GERD as % of GDP: 0,46%
- GOVERD as % GDP: 0,36%
Structure of S&T expenditures:
• by the business sector:
0.06 % GDP
• by the public sector :
0.36 % GDP
• other:
0.03 % GDP
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic, 2006.
R&D Intensity, 2007.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science
GERD as % of GDP
Cyprus
Latvia
Serbia
R&D policy – main objectives
• to increase investments in R&D
to 1.10% GDP...... by 2012
Budget for R&D (GOVERD)
Poland
Slovakia
Greece
Lithuania
Estonia
Portugal
Hungary
Spain
Mill. €
2007.
101.4
% GDP
0.34
Ireland
Italy
Czech r.
China
Slovenia
2008.
107.0
0.31
2009.
231.0
0.60
Luxembourg
Netherlands
UK
2010.
343.0
0.80
EU-25
France
Belgium
Austia
Germany
2011.
476.0
1.00
US
Denmark
Japan
2012.
578.0
Plan
1.10
Finland
Sweden
0
1
2
3
4
5
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Researchers in Serbia 2006.:
Faculties (at 6 universities)
Research institutes
Industrial institutes and R&D units
Total
No of R&D
organizations
No of
researchers
76 (47%)
8.902
(73,70%)
57 (34%)
2.720
(22.52%)
30 (19%)
457 (3.78%)
163
12.079
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic, 2007.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
The staticalal S&RD Indicators for 2006.
Institutions and researchers by field of science
No. of
institutions
No. of
researchers
Share (%)
Natural science
23
2.117
17.52
Engineering and
technology
49
3.362
27.83
Agricultural
science
21
980
8.11
Medical science
13
2.300
19.41
Social science
35
1.971
16.32
Humanities
17
1.250
10.35
Multidisciplinar
5
57
0.47
TOTAL
163
12.079
100
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic, 2007.
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
New S&T policy

Science Law was change to enable formation of new
programs devoted at economic and technologic
development of the country

These programs are:
 program of fundamental researches
 program of technologic development
 national program for biotechnology
 national program on energy efficiency

New regulations and criteria are adopted for research
funding from public source, as well as new system of
financial support.

External evaluation of proposed research program
was introduced.
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
The new S&T policy has the following basic
components:
1. Scientific basic research that generates new knowledge
and develop new scientists and knowledge workers.
2. Applied research and development that generates new
technology and prototypes of innovative products and
develops innovators and inventors.
3. Transfer of knowledge and technology into market.
4. Innovative products supported by efficient and
productive production processes or services.
5. A global business and product development
collaboration, as well as the competitiveness of global
collaboration.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Financial support to the projects in basic researches – 2008.
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJA
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJA
Broj istraživač meseci projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
Broj projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
J e zik i k njiže v no s t
5 .6 %
D ruš t v e ne na uk e
12 .6 %
O s t a lo *
0 .8 %
Is t o rija , a rhe o lo g.
i e t no lo g.
9 .4 %
G e o na uk e i
a s t ro no m ija
4 .6 %
M e dic ina
2 1.2 %
* Ostalo = Elektro nika i teleko munikacije, M aterijali i hemijske
tehno lo gije i P rimenjena istraživanja u priro dnim naukama
F izik a
9 .2 %
D ruš t v e ne na uk e
19 .6 %
J e zik i k njiže v no s t
7 .1%
H e m ija
15 .6 %
Ukupno: 500 projekata
F izik a
10 .1%
H e m ija
16 .7 %
Is t o rija , a rhe o lo g.
i e t no lo g.
8 .2 % G e o na uk e i
a s t ro no m ija
4 .8 %
B io lo gija
12 %
M a t e m a t ik a
im e ha nik a
8 .8 %
O s t a lo *
0 .6 %
M e dic ina
12 .1%
* Ostalo = Elektro nika i teleko munikacije, M aterijali i hemijske
tehno lo gije i P rimenjena istraživanja u priro dnim naukama
B io lo gija
12 %
M a t e m a t ik a i
m e ha nik a
8%
Ukupno: 40.266 I.M.
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJA
Sredstva projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
Društvene nauke
17.9%
Ostalo*
0.6%
Jezik i književnost
6.6%
Istorija, arheolog. i
etnolog.
9.1% Geo nauke i
astronomija Medicina
4.7%
9.8%
Fizika
12.4%
Hemija
16.5%
Biologija
16%
Matematika i
mehanika
6%Ukupno: 2.565.443.618 dinara
* Ostalo = Elektro nika i teleko munikacije, M aterijali i hemijske
tehno lo gije i P rimenjena istraživanja u priro dnim naukama
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Technology Development Program:
This programs aims to support local companies to develop or implement
new technologies in order to improve their competitiveness on the global
market. This program provides grants and loans to companies to engage
experts from universities and institutes in their development projects.
The areas covered are: information technology, electronics and electrical
engineering, mechanical engineering, construction industry and civil
engineering, biotechnology etc. Priority topics are specified, but one of
the most relevant selection criteria is the financial participation of
companies in their projects.
There are few specific programs or sub-programs that are addressing
specific problems:
• National programs comprise research and other types of projects and
activities aiming to solve important national problems. Currently, the
following national programs have been launched:
– Energy Efficiency National Program, aiming to significantly reduce energy
losses everywhere and to substitute electric energy for heating with other
energy sources (such as biomasses, gas).
– Biotechnology and Agro Industry National Program, aiming to produce a
group of food products for global markets and build their bread names.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Public expenditure for technological development
by field of science
in 2007
Osnovne nauke
ELEKTR-TEL
59,3%
IND. SOFTW..
BIOTEH
MASIN
5,0%
NPEE
26,1%
4,1%
5,5%
Transpo
URB.GRADJ
NPBTN
Otchert
Techn. develment
Ukupno:4.997 mil. din
ENERG
MATER
Teh. razvoj: 2.142 mil. din.
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Financial support to technological development -2008.
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
Ure đe nje , za š t it a iP rim . is t ra ž. u
E le k t ro nik a i
Z a š t it a živ o t ne
priro dnim
k o riš će nje v o da
t e le k o m unik a c ije
s re dine
na uk a m a
3 .2 %
6 .8 %
4 .5 %
4 .9 %
E ne rge t s k a
e f ik s no s t
5 .8 %
Inf o rm a c io ne
t e hno lo gije
4 .1%
N a c .pro gra m
e ne rg.
e f ik a s no s t i
7 .0 %
B io t e hnik a
2 4 .9 %
M a t e rija li i
he m ijs k e
t e hno lo gije
9 .6 %
Indus t rijs k i
so ftver
3 .0 %
M a š ins t v o
10 .0 %
S a o bra ća j
4 .9 %
Urba niza m i
gra đe v ina rs t v o
5 .5 %
E ne rge t s k e
t e hno lo gije i
ruda rs t v o
5 .8 %
Broj projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 469
P rim . is t ra ž. u
Ure đe nje , za š t it a i
E le k t ro nik a i
priro dnim
k o riš će nje v o da
t e le k o m unik a c ije
na
uk
a
m
a
3 .5 %
8 .7 %
Z a š t it a živ o t ne
2 .1%
s re dine
3 .6 %
E ne rge t s k a
e f ik s no s t
3 .8 %
Inf o rm a c io ne
t e hno lo gije
2 .8 %
N a c .pro gra m
B io t e hnik a
e ne rg.
3 7 .1%
e f ik a s no s t i
4 .2 %
Indus t rijs k i
so ftver
2 .9 % M a š ins t v o
S a o bra ća j
7 .5 %
4 .7 %
Urba niza m i
gra đe v ina rs t v o
5 .5 %
E ne rge t s k e
t e hno lo gije i
M a t e rija li i
ruda rs t v o
he m ijs k e
5 .7 %
t e hno lo gije
7 .7 %
Broj istraživač meseci projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 31.396 I.M.
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
Ure đe nje , za š t it a i
k o riš će nje v o da
3 .4 %
Z a š t it a živ o t ne
s re dine
3 .6 %
E ne rge t s k a
e f ik s no s t
3 .7 %
Inf o rm a c io ne
t e hno lo gije
2 .3 %
N a c .pro gra m
e ne rg.
e f ik a s no s t i
3 .8 %
P rim . is t ra ž. u
E le k t ro nik a i
priro dnim
t
e
le
k o m unik a c ije
na uk a m a
8 .9 %
2 .1%
B io t e hnik a
4 0 .6 %
Indus t rijs k i
so ftver
M a š ins t v o
2 .1%
6 .9 %
S a o bra ća j
3 .9 %
Urba niza m i
gra đe v ina rs t v o
4 .5 %
E ne rge t s k e
t e hno lo gije i
ruda rs t v o
M a t e rija li i
5 .7 %
he m ijs k e
t e hno lo gije
8 .6 %
Sredstva projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 2.672.105.596 dinara
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Other programs:
• International Research Collaboration Program: This program provides grants to local
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
research organizations having projects that are parts of international bilateral or
multilateral collaboration projects.
Knowledge and Technology Transfer Program: The program supports development of
science and technology parks, incubators and innovation centers for knowledgebased and technology-oriented companies in order to provide stimulating
environments for local and foreign companies.
R&D Facility and Infrastructure Upgrade Program: This program provides grants to
universities and research institutes to upgrade their laboratory equipment.
Communication Network and Computers Upgrade Program: The program aims to
build and maintain the Academic Internet Network and LANs that connect all R&D
institutions in Serbia and provide international links to Internet.
Development of Researchers Program: Provides support for participation to
international conferences, study trips, and scholarships for postdoc fellows, PhD and
MSc students.
Purchasing of Research Journals and Books for Libraries.
Support of Local Scientific Conferences and Journals.
Science and Technology Information Sourcing Program.
Support of the Serbian Academy of Science and Art and Program Matice Serbian
Support of science and technology oriented organizations.
Public expenditure by programs:
Develo pment o f
Researchers
P ro gram
2.8%
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science
Research Jo urnals,
Co nferences and
Info rmatio ns
1.8%
2007.
SA NU, M S
1.3%
Others
5.5%
Internatio nal
Co o peratio n
P ro gram
3.4%
R&D Facility and
Infrastructure Upgrade
P ro gram
Kno wledge and
19.9%
Techno lo gy Transfer
P ro gram
0.2%
B asic Research
P ro gram
37.2%
Techno lo gy
Develo pment
P ro gram
28.0%
Develo pment o f
Internatio nal Researchers Research Jo urnals,
P ro gram
Co nferences and
Co o peratio n
SA NU, M S
2.5%
Info rmatio ns
P ro gram
0.9%
5.1%
Others
1.2%
R&D Facility and
0.4%
Infrastructure Upgrade
2004.
P ro gram
8.6%
Kno wledge and
Techno lo gy Transfer
P ro gram
0.4%
Techno lo gy
Develo pment
P ro gram
30.0%
B asic Research
P ro gram
50.9%
The budzet for
R&D in 2004.:
44.94 millions Euro
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
International Research Collaboration Program
International cooperation in R&D:
International R&D collaboration is one of priorities of our RTD
policy. Serbia participates in the FP5 , FP6 and FP7 programs
of the EU as a West Balkan (INCO) country. Serbian
researchers are also included in COST and EUREKA! activities.
These programs allow Serbian researchers to have direct
access to other research centers and their research standards,
which has a positive feedback to the quality of research in
Serbia.
2001.
2002.
Budget for
R&D Programms
(mill.Din)
1142
1853
mill. €*)
19.12
30.13
Budget for
Iinternational
1.88
1.42
cooperation
Programme (%)
* For 8 months in 2008.
2003.
2004.
2005.
2006.
2007.
2008.*
3132
45.85
3545
44.94
4643
56.0
6258
74.9
8314
101.40
9051
116.04
0.98
1.21
2.72
3.89
3.18
11.01
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
Patent activity
Number of Patents
Total number of valid Patents is:
- From the Republic of Serbia- 388 Patents;
- Foreign representatives - 600 Patents.
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Domestic
156
161
96
70
112
59
Foreign
518
350
186
133
137
Total
674
511
282
203
249
2000
2001
2002
3
31
73
86
49
-
11
58
93
108
3
42
131
179
2001
2002
2003
Number of Little Patents
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Domestic
54
88
92
65
5
111
86
100
Foreign
0
2
1
2
0
1
3
0
Total
54
90
93
67
5
112
89
100
2003
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technologcal Development
Number of scientific publications 2001- 2008
Conclusions:
• Statistical presentation of the indicators in the field of
•
•
•
economy and science is very important for creation of
future policy and development of science in Serbia.
Unfortunately, existing data on financial support of
science in Serbia, are not reliable enough and
frequently very contradictory.
Science funding in Serbia is mainly from public support
and participation of business sector is marginal and
practically unknown.
Ministry of science and technological development of
republic Serbia intend to icrease financial support to the
science and applied research with the main aim to
reach the level of this support to over 1% from GDP
after 2010.
Thank you for your attention!!!
Ministry of Science and technological development
http://www.mntr.sr.gov.yu
e-mail: [email protected]