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Kingdoms and Domains Objectives Name the six kingdoms Describe the three-Domain system of classification Introduction Linnaeus’ original classification involved only the differences between plants and animals As biologists learned more about the natural world, they realized that Linnaeus’ two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae, did not represent the full diversity of life Three-Domain System A domain is a category larger than a kingdom that is more inclusive Three Domains: Eukarya Bacteria Archaea Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Unicellular and prokaryotic Some absorb food, others can photosynthesize Have cell walls that contain a substance called peptidoglycan Some need oxygen, others are killed by oxygen Domain Archaea Kingdom Archaebacteria Unicellular and prokaryotic Some can absorb food, others can photosynthesize Have cell walls that do not contain the substance peptidoglycan Most survive only where there is no oxygen Cell membranes contain lipids not found in any other organism Survive in extreme environments such as volcanic hot springs Domain Eukarya All organisms are eukaryotic (cells contain nuclei) Kingdom Protista Can be unicellular or multicellular Obtain food through absorption, ingestion, or photosynthesis Reproduce sexually or asexually Example: algae Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Have rigid cell walls made of chitin Cannot make their own food (heterotrophic) • Absorb nutrients • Secrete digestive enzymes into their food Reproduce sexually or asexually Mostly live on land (terrestrial) Examples: yeast, mushroom, mold Domain Eukarya Kingdom Plantae Multicellular Make their own food through photosynthesis (autotrophic) Have cell walls made of cellulose All plants Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Multicellular Heterotrophic • Ingest food Reproduce sexually; a few can reproduce asexually • Ex: ameobas Contains over 1 million different species Examples: humans, bears, chickens, bees, spiders, frogs, etc. Notes Review Name the six kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Notes Review Describe the three-Domain system of classification A domain is a category larger than a kingdom that is more inclusive Three Domains: • Eukarya • Bacteria • Archaea
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