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DP Syllabus component AP Environmental Science Syllabus Hours/ Week Topic 1: Systems and models 1. Earth Science Concepts (Geologic time scale; plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanism; seasons; solar intensity and latitude) 10 hours/ 1-2 1. Ecosystem Structure (Biological populations and communities; ecological niches; interactions among species; keystone species; species diversity and edge effects; major terrestrial and aquatic biomes) 10 Hours/ 3-4 1. Energy Flow (Photosynthesis and cellular respiration; food webs and trophic levels; ecological pyramids) 10 Hours/ 5-6 1. Natural Biogeochemical Cycles (Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, water, conservation of matter) 5 hours/ 7-8 1. Population Biology Concepts (Population ecology; carrying capacity; reproductive strategies; survivorship) 2. Human Population A. Human population dynamics (Historical population sizes; distribution; fertility rates; growth rates and doubling times; demographic transition; agestructure diagrams) B. Population size (Strategies for sustainability; case studies; national policies) C. Impacts of population growth (Hunger; disease; economic effects; resource use; habitat destruction) 1. Energy Concepts (Energy forms; power; units; conversions; Laws of Thermodynamics) 2. Energy Consumption A. History (Industrial Revolution; exponential growth; energy crisis) B. Present global energy use C. Future energy needs 3. Fossil Fuel Resources and Use (Formation of coal, oil, and natural gas; extraction/purification methods; world reserves and global demand; synfuels; environmental advantages/ disadvantages of sources) 4. Nuclear Energy (Nuclear fission process; nuclear fuel; electricity production; nuclear reactor types; environmental advantages/disadvantages; safety issues; radiation and human health; radioactive wastes; nuclear fusion) 5. Hydroelectric Power (Dams; flood control; salmon; silting; other impacts) 6. Energy Conservation (Energy efficiency; CAFE standards; hybrid electric vehicles; mass transit) 20 hours/ 9-12 Topic 2: The ecosystem 2.1 Structure 2.2 Measuring abiotic components of the system 2.3 Measuring biotic components of the system 2.4 Biomes 2.5 Function Field Trip- Botanic Gardens Last week of Sept 26/Oct 1 or 2 2.6 Changes 2.7 Measuring changes in the system Topic 3: Human population, carrying capacity and resource use 3.1 Population dynamics 3.7 Limits to growth Field Trip- Cemetery Lab Nov 5 or 6 3.2 Resources—natural capital 3.3 Energy resources Thanksgiving Project: Field Trip- Comanche Peak/Museum of Science first week DEC 4, 10-12 10 hours/ 13-14 5 hours/ 15 5 hours/ 16 5 hours/ 7. Renewable Energy (Solar energy; solar electricity; hydrogen fuel cells; biomass; wind energy; small-scale hydroelectric; ocean waves and tidal energy; geothermal; environmental advantages/disadvantages) 1. Soil and Soil Dynamics (Rock cycle; formation; composition; physical and chemical properties; main soil types; erosion and other soil problems; soil conservation) 2. Global Water Resources and Use (Freshwater/saltwater; ocean circulation; agricultural, industrial, and domestic use; surface and groundwater issues; global problems; conservation) 17 3. Agriculture A. Feeding a growing population (Human nutritional requirements; types of agriculture; Green Revolution; genetic engineering and crop production; deforestation; irrigation; sustainable agriculture) B. Controlling pests (Types of pesticides; costs and benefits of pesticide use; integrated pest management; relevant laws) 10 hours/ 20-21 4.1 Biodiversity in ecosystems 1. Ecosystem Diversity (Biodiversity; natural selection; evolution; ecosystem services) 4.2 Evaluating biodiversity and vulnerability 1. Natural Ecosystem Change (Climate shifts; species movement; ecological succession) 4.3 Conservation of biodiversity 1. Forestry (Tree plantations; old growth forests; forest fires; forest management; national forests) 2. Rangelands (Overgrazing; deforestation; desertification; rangeland management; federal rangelands) 3. Other Land Use A. Urban land development (Planned development; suburban sprawl; urbanization) B.Transportation infrastructure (Federal highway system; canals and channels; roadless areas; ecosystem impacts) C.Public and federal lands (Management; wilderness areas; national parks; wildlife refuges; forests; wetlands) 4. Fishing (Fishing techniques; overfishing; aquaculture; relevant laws and treaties) 5. Loss of Biodiversity A. Habitat loss; overuse; pollution; introduced species; endangered and extinct species B.Maintenance through conservation C.Relevant laws and treaties 5 hours/ 22 5 hours/ 23 20 hours/ 24-27 3.4 The soil system 3.6 Water resources 5.4 Eutrophication **Christmas Break Project Second Semester Begins 3.5 Food resources 3.8 Environmental demands of human populations 5 hours/ 18 5 hours/ 19 Topic 4: Conservation and biodiversity Field Trip- Fort Worth Zoo- anytime Feb 1920 Topic 5: Pollution management 5.1 Nature of pollution 5.5 Solid domestic waste 6. Pollution Types A. Air pollution 10 hours/ Field Trip- Water Treatment/Landfill Early March 5 or 6 5.2 Detection and monitoring of pollution 5.8 Acid deposition 5.3 Approaches to pollution management **Spring Break Project 5.6 Depletion of stratospheric ozone 5.7 Urban air pollution Topic 6: The issue of global warming 6 Topic 7: Environmental value systems 6 (Sources — primary and secondary; major air pollutants; measurement units; smog; acid deposition — causes and effects; heat islands and temperature inversions; indoor air pollution; remediation and reduction strategies; Clean Air Act and other relevant laws) 7. Noise pollution (Sources; effects; control measures) 8. Water pollution (Types; sources, causes, and effects; cultural eutrophication; groundwater pollution; maintaining water quality; water purification; sewage treatment/septic systems; Clean Water Act and other relevant laws) 9. Solid waste (Types; disposal; reduction) 1. Impacts on the Environment and Human Health A. Hazards to human health (Environmental risk analysis; acute and chronic effects; dose-response relationships; air pollutants; smoking and other risks) B. Hazardous chemicals in the environment (Types of hazardous waste; treatment/disposal of hazardous waste; cleanup of contaminated sites; biomagnification; relevant laws) 2. Economic Impacts (Cost-benefit analysis; externalities; marginal costs; sustainability) 1. The Atmosphere (Composition; structure; weather and climate; atmospheric circulation and the Coriolis Effect; atmosphere–ocean interactions; ENSO) 1. Stratospheric Ozone (Formation of stratospheric ozone; ultraviolet radiation; causes of ozone depletion; effects of ozone depletion; strategies for reducing ozone depletion; relevant laws and treaties) 1. Global Warming (Greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect; impacts and consequences of global warming; reducing climate change; relevant laws and treaties) 1. Global Economics (Globalization; World Bank; Tragedy of the Commons; relevant laws and treaties) 28-29 5 hours/ 30 5 hours/ 31 5 hours/ 32 5 hours/ 33 5 hours/ 34 TOTAL 165 Hours/ 34 Weeks