Download Locard Exchange Principle

BACKGROUND ON FORENSIC SCIENCE
Locard Exchange Principle
Four Main Elements to an Investigation
First, the crime scene is thoroughly _____________. Photographs, _______, sketches and ______ describing
the scene are made.
Second, the __________ evidence is collected and ________ substances are sent to the laboratory for
identification and _________
Third, the results of the ___________ ___________ of the physical evidence are compared to __________
statements.
Finally, both witness statements and laboratory results are used to ___________ the investigator's
____________ until one remains
Anthropometrics
literally meaning "__________ __ ________"), refers to the measurement of living human individuals for the
purposes of understanding human physical variation.
From these studies, it was discovered that _______ existed between various body parts and the ________ of the
person.
In 1925 _____________________ invented the _________________________ microscope.
______________is the study of the ________ of bullets and their examination for _________________
______________ after being fired. Examiners can use this evidence to match bullets or bullet fragments to
____________ ____________.
Blood types – Percent of the Population
O
A
%
B
%
AB
%
%
O+
%
A+
%
B+
%
O-
%
A-
%
B- %
AB+
%
AB- %
______ provides a powerful technique for uniquely identifying the person or animal who left traces of body
fluids at a crime scene. Indeed, this is the best method presently known for such identification
DNA _________________: the process that separates DNA using gel and electricity
DNA _________________: the process of testing to identify DNA patterns or types
Toxicology: the study of __________ and _________ and their effect on human and animal populations.
Gas Chromatograph (GC): a forensic tool used to identify the ___________ __________ of substances used
in the commission of crimes. The questioned substance is _________ at high temperatures. The temperature at
which this material becomes ______ is then charted to determine its makeup.
Sir Francis Galton in ________, published his book, "Fingerprints", establishing the ___________ and
_________________ of fingerprints. The book included the first classification system for fingerprints.
Three main types
1.
2.
3.