Download The respiratory system is divided into the upper and lower portion

The respiratory system is divided into
the upper and lower portion. The
lower portion includes the nose,
nasal cavity, and pharynx.
a. True
b. False
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The right lung has three lobes, and
the left lung has two.
a. True
b. False
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The membrane that covers the
surface of the lung is known as the
visceral pleura.
a. True
b. False
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Emphysema is part of which disease?
a.
b.
c.
d.
SIDS
RDS
COPD
TB
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which structure is part of the lower
respiratory system?
a. larynx
b. pharynx
c. internal nares
d. soft palate
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
What path does air take when flowing from
the glottis to the respiratory membrane?
a. larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles,
respiratory bronchioles, alveoli
b. larynx, trachea, respiratory bronchioles,
bronchioles, alveoli
c. trachea, bronchi, larynx, bronchioles,
alveolar duct, alveolar sac
d. larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi,
alveolar sac, respiratory membrane
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
What role do the nasal conchae play in the
respiratory system?
a. trapping airborne particles in mucus
b. warming and humidifying incoming air
c. bringing olfactory stimulation to olfactory
receptors
d. all of the above
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
In pneumonia, fluid accumulates in the alveoli
of the lungs and bronchioles constrict. What
effect does pneumonia have on vital
capacity?
a. increase in vital capacity
b. decrease in vital capacity
c. increase in breathing rate, with no effect
on vital capacity
d. decrease in tidal volume, with no effect on
vital capacity
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following contributes the most to
the expiration of carbon dioxide?
a. the formation of carbaminohemoglobin
b. the formation of a bicarbonate ion
c. the high solubility of CO2 in blood
d. the percentage of oxygen in inhaled air
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The purpose of the respiratory
system is to bring oxygen into the
body and expel the waste product
carbon dioxide.
a. True
b. False
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
A muscular tube containing
C-shaped rings of cartilage that is a
passageway for both inhaled and
exhaled air is called the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Larynx.
Trachea.
Pharynx.
Esophagus.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The smallest passageways in the
lungs are called the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alveoli.
Bronchi.
Bronchioles.
Lumen.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The clusters of air sacs in the lungs
are called the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hila.
Apices.
Alveoli.
Functional parenchyma.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Respiration consists of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Breathing in and inhalation.
Breathing out and expiration.
Inspiration and inhalation.
Inspiration and exhalation.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Internal respiration is the exchange
of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lungs.
Alveoli of the lungs.
Blood.
Cells of the body.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The substance that allows the lungs
of a newborn to expand fully and stay
expanded is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mucus.
Surfactant.
Oxygen.
Carbon dioxide.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
In forced breathing,
a.
b.
c.
d.
inspiration and expiration are both passive.
inspiration is passive and expiration is active
inspiration and expiration are both active.
inspiration is active and expiration is passive.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The elastic cartilage that covers the
opening to the larynx during swallowing
is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
thyroid cartilage.
epiglottis.
cricoid cartilage.
corniculate cartilage.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The auditory tubes open into the
a.
b.
c.
d.
nasopharynx.
laryngopharynx.
nasal cavity.
oropharynx.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
________ is the amount of air that
moves into the respiratory system
during a single respiratory cycle.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Residual volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The amount of air that can be forcibly
taken in after normally inhaling is called
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Residual volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these is the most important factor in
regulating respiration?
a. Atmospheric pressure
b. Blood PCO2
c. Blood PO2
d. Body temperature
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The gastrointestinal system is an
elongated system that
a.
b.
c.
d.
Begins at the mouth.
Goes through the thoracic cavity.
Fills most of the abdominopelvic cavity.
All of the above.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The gag reflex is initiated by food
touching the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Soft palate.
Mouth.
Uvula.
Lips.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
All of the following are salivary glands
EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pharynx.
Submandibular.
Parotid.
Sublingual.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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The purpose of the villi in the small
intestine is to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Move digested food along the tube.
Make digestive juices.
Absorb digested food and water.
All of the above.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The gallbladder is responsible for
a.
b.
c.
d.
Concentrating and storing bile from the liver.
Neutralizing acids from the stomach.
Digesting proteins from foods.
Releasing digestive enzymes made by the
pancreas.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which organ is responsible for the
production of bile?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Liver
Stomach
Large intestine
Small intestine
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
This organ is primarily responsible for
water absorption
a.
b.
c.
d.
stomach
anus
small intestine
large intestine
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The rhythmic muscular contraction that
helps propel food through the alimentary
tract is known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
digestion
peristalsis
absorption
excretion
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The action breaking up fats into
smaller products is known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
emulsification
reduction
digestion
absorption
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a
function of the small intestine?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Absorbs water
Temporarily holds food
Digests food
Absorbs nutrients
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
What type of membrane lines the digestive
tract?
a. Serous
b. Synovial
c. Mucous
d. Peritoneal
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these does NOT increase the
surface area of the intestinal epithelium?
a. Lamina propria
b. Plicae circulares
c. Villi
d. Microvilli
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these does NOT border the oral
cavity?
a. Soft palate
b. Esophagus
c. Labia
d. Gingivae
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following cells are located in
gastric glands?
a. Acinar cells
b. Kupffer cells
c. Parietal cells
d. Hepatic cells
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Where would lipids be absorbed after a heavy
meal?
a. Gallbladder
b. Duodenum
c. Mesenteric arteries
d. Lacteals
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these is NOT involved in protein
digestion?
a. Pepsin
b. Hydrochloric acid
c. Bile salts
d. Trypsin
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
What hormone stimulates stomach activity?
a. GIP
b. VIP
c. CCK
d. Gastrin
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which hormone stimulates the liver to secrete
more bile?
a. CCK
b. Secretin
c. Gastrin
d. VIP
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these will be secreted by the
duodenum when the pH of its contents is
low?
a. Gastrin
b. Bile
c. Bicarbonate
d. CCK
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these is NOT an accessory organ of
the intestine?
a. Pancreas
b. Salivary gland
c. Liver
d. Gallbladder
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these is NOT a component of
saliva?
a. Lysozyme
b. Amylase
c. Hydrochloric acid
d. Mucus
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of these borders the pulp cavity of a
tooth?
a. Dentin
b. Cementum
c. Gingiva
d. Periodontal ligament
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Your molars are most useful for _____.
a. crushing and grinding a tough pizza
b. shredding meat off a bone
c. nipping the end of a carrot
d. none of the above
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The process of elimination is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Feces.
Defecation.
Meconium.
Antrum.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The word mastication refers to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chewing, grinding, and tearing food.
Swallowing food.
Contractions of the esophagus.
Partially undigested food.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a function of
mesenteries?
a. Mesenteries stabilize the organs of the
abdominal cavity.
b. Mesenteries provide a route for blood
vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels to
and from the digestive tract.
c. Mesenteries prevent the intestines from
becoming tangled with changes in body
position.
d. All of the above are correct.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
How do the roles of pepsinogen and HCI
interact in the stomach?
a. They both digest chyme.
b. HCI is necessary to prevent pepsinogen
from digesting proteins.
c. They both kill microorganisms.
d. HCI is necessary for the conversion of
pepsinogen to pepsin.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The tube that extends from the renal
pelvis to the bladder is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ureter.
Urethra.
Orifice.
Calix.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The tube that carries urine from the
bladder to the outside of the body is
the urethra.
a. True
b. False
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The functional unit of the kidney is
the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Neuron.
Glomerulus.
Nephron.
Parenchyma.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Waste products excreted in urine
include
a.
b.
c.
d.
Urea.
Creatinine.
Uric acid.
All of the above.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The pressure of blood in the capillary
pushes water, waste products,
electrolytes, glucose, and other
substances through pores in the
glomerulus and out into Bowman’s
capsule in a process known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
Osmosis.
Diffusion.
Filtration.
All of the above.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Does the process of reabsorption
return water and non-waste
substances to the blood?
a. Yes
b. No
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The process of eliminating urine from
the body is known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
Urination.
Micturition.
Voiding.
All of the above.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
A powerful vasoconstrictor that
constricts blood vessels and
increases blood pressure is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Creatinine.
Angiotensin.
Erythropoietin.
Antidiuretic hormone.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
When the level of ADH (antidiuretic
hormone) increases
a.
b.
c.
d.
more urine is produced.
less urine is produced.
more salt is secreted by the nephron.
less water is reabsorbed by the nephron and
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Urine passes, in the order given,
through which of the following
structures?
a. collecting duct, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder,
ureter
b. collecting duct, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra,
bladder
c. collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder,
urethra
d. renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter, collecting
duct
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The primary function of the proximal
convoluted tubule is
a.
b.
c.
d.
adjusting the urine volume.
secretion of acids, drugs, and ammonia.
filtration.
reabsorption of ions, organic molecules,
vitamins, and water.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
The filtration of plasma takes place in
the
a.
b.
c.
d.
ureter.
nephron loop (loop of Henle).
renal corpuscle.
distal convoluted tubule.
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood leaving the efferent arterioles flows
next into which of the following vessels?
a. Glomerulus
b. Afferent arteriole
c. Interlobular vein
d. Peritubular capillary
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following parts of a nephron
does NOT contain filtrate?
a. Renal corpuscle
b. Renal tubule
c. Glomerulus
d. Glomerular capsule
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which part of the nephron loop is responsible
for filtration?
a. Renal corpuscle
b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Distal convoluted tubule
d. Collecting duct
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Renin directly activates which of the
following?
a. Aldosterone
b. Angiotensin I
c. ADH
d. Sympathetic tone
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Reabsorption of which of the following ions is
an action of aldosterone?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Calcium
d. Phosphorus
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
What are the folds within the urinary bladder
that allow for expansion to store urine?
a. Trigone
b. Rugae
c. Pyela
d. Detrusor
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a funnel-shaped
area where the openings for the ureters and
the urethra are found in the urinary bladder?
a. Detrusor
b. Rugae
c. Trigone
d. Lamina
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which part of the urine elimination pathway is
under voluntary control?
a. Internal urethral sphincter
b. External urethral sphincter
c. Detrusor muscle
d. Ureteral muscle
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Which structures exit at the hilum of the
kidney?
a. renal artery and vein
b. renal ureters
c. renal capsule and renal sinus
d. both A and B
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Where does urine production begin?
a. renal artery
b. minor calyces
c. nephron
d. collecting duct
Medical Language, 1e
Susan Turley
Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.