Download Blue - 630`s Science with Dr.V

Please add topics and details that you think are important from our Weather
Unit. Include your initials after your addition - Dr.V
Climate= The average weather over 20-30 years.
KV
Weather= The condition of the earth's
atmosphere at a particular time and place. AL
Winds
Wind happens as air moves from high pressure air to low
pressure air. LVG
Some plants use wind to pollinate. LD/ABE
Other types of plants use bees or other
insects to pollinate, they attract them
by having colorful petals. GA/ABE
There are 4 types of air masses warm wet, warm dry, cold
wet, and cold dry. KV
Cold air sinks because it is more dense-AH
Cold air has higher pressure, warm air has lower pressure.ABE
A warm front is caused when a warm air mass collides into a cold air mass.
A cold front is created when a cold air mass collides into a warm air
mass.-A.H.
A cold front is formed when cold air runs into warm air causing the warm air
to rise.KV
A warm front is formed when warm air runs into cold air but since warm air
is lighter and less dense than the cold air, it just rises above the cold air. MVS
When air hits something it spreads out.MW
Wind chill: The cooling effect, of wind. And temperature combined. The higher
the wind, the colder it gets. AB
Coriolis Force: A rotating body deflects air L.M
Wind is the movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure.L.M
The jet stream: any of the high-speed, high altitude air currents that circle the
earth in a westerly direction L.M
Frostbite is when the temperature causes your blood stream to be cut off
because of the cold. AH
Different breezes
Winds are named based on the direction or
place that they come from. For example, sea
breezes come from the sea, and north winds
come from the north.ABE
Sea breezes happen during the day and land breezes happen at night.MW
Sea breeze is caused by air Rising over the
warmer land (day) and is replaced by cooler
air from above the sea. L.M
Land Breeze: happens during the night and
the breeze comes from the land to the sea.
The warm air rises and that helps form
clouds.S.G
The water at night is warmer than the sand because the water can absorb
heat and hold it for longer than the land. FR
Mountain Winds: Mountains can create strong winds.
Warm air rises up the mountain (day), cool air sinks down
the mountain (night). EF
he higher
High and Low pressure areas around the globe (J.K)
● Polar easterlies
● Prevailing westerlies
● Horse latitudes (on tropic of cancer)
● Trade winds
● Doldrums (on equator)
● Trade Winds
● Horse latitudes (on Tropic of Capricorn)
● Prevailing Westerlies
The types of winds are: Polar Easterlies,
Prevailing Westerlies, Horse latitudes have
no wind, Trade winds, doldrums are at the equator and there is no wind, Trade
Winds, Horse latitude, jet streams are any of the high-speed, high altitude air
currents that circle the earth in a westerly direction, AB/LM
Warm air rises and hits the stratosphere and then spreads out. The
stratosphere is cold so it starts to cool down and starts to fall. Once it hits
the Earth it spreads out and warms up and then this all happens again. OH
Mountain Rain Shadow Effect: A wet side and a
dry side of the mountain. This is because as the
warm air goes up the mountain it gets colder,
the colder the air is the less water it can hold.
So it drops all it water on one side of the
mountain, as the wind comes down the
mountain, it gets warmer and stops raining,
leaving one side of the mountain wet and rainy and one side cool and dry. EF
Layers of the atmosphere
● Troposphere: First layer
and where
commercial/passenger
airplanes and birds fly. It
is where weather occurs.
It is the layer of the atmosphere where we live.
ABE
● The jet stream occurs between the Troposphere
and the Stratosphere. ABE
● Stratosphere: the second lowest layer in the
atmosphere it contains the ozone layer(there is a big
hole in the ozone layer) when warm air hits this layer it
spreads out, cools off, and then sinks. GA
● Mesosphere: This is the coldest layer in the atmosphere. It’s also where
meteors burn up if they don’t make it through the atmosphere.
● Thermosphere: Second highest layer of the atmosphere.
● Ionosphere: the Ionosphere is the first portion of the Thermosphere. It
contains charged atoms and the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights). Radio
waves are also reflected back to earth in this layer.ABE
● Exosphere: highest layer in the
atmosphere (700 to 10,000 km
high). Satellites orbit Earth in
this layer, making it possible to
use cell phones and watch TV.
The atmosphere is the layers of gas
that surround the earth. Oh
The Hydrologic Cycle
The hydrologic Cycle (Water Cycle):the continuous
movement of water on, above, and below the
surface of the earth. L.M
The horse latitudes are where there is not much
wind and it is hard for boats to move very much. They are called the horse
latitudes because at these times the boats need to get rid of extra weight so
it will be easier for them to move, so the they throw the horses off board.
ABE
Types of clouds
Air masses
J.K
1.
2.
3.
4.
Warm wet
Warm dry
Cold wet
Cold dry
When a warm air mass hits the stratosphere it spreads out and when a cold
air mass hit the Earth it spreads out.KV
Air mass is a huge body of air that stays together.
The weather changes when a warm or cold front arrives. Cold fronts bring
partly cloudy skies, rain or snow. AB
When cold masses hit warm masses it forms cumulonimbus clouds (AR)
When two air masses collide, it forms a
front FT
A jet stream is a current of wind that circles
the Earth in a westerly direction. D.G.K
Wind is the movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. -E.F
Wind: The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. L.M
Hot/warm air: Rises and causes low pressure L.M
Cool air: Falls and causes high pressure. L.M
The Coriolis effect is a rotating body that deflects air. D.G.K
The Water Cycle
AKA the hydrologic cycle KV
Driven by the sun KV And by gravity AWB
The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the
earth.KV
Transpiration: Evaporation of water from plants
Precipitation: rain snow, hail, or sleet that falls to the ground L.M.
Water droplets form on a soda can from water vapor in the air and since the
air can't hold it anymore then it lets it go and you see condensation. K.F
Condensation droplets form on a bottle if the can is cold and the air is warm
and humid, so when the water vapor in the air touches the bottle it cools
down and condenses on the bottle MW
Humidity: The current amount of water/moisture in the air compared to the
max. D.G.K
The hydrologic cycle: the continuous movement of water on above and below
the surface of the earth AR
Vocabulary
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Dew point-the point at which dew forms (AR)
Pressure-the force of pushing down by the atmosphere(SG)
Radiation - The way heat moves in empty space (J.K)
Sublimation - Solid to Gas (J.K)
Deposition - Gas to Solid (J.K)
Evaporation - Liquid to Gas (J.K)
Condensation - Gas to Liquid(J.K)
Freezing/solidification - Liquid to Solid (J.K)
Melting - Solid to Liquid
Percolation - The downward movement of water through soil and rock
due to gravity (J.K)
Land breeze - wind coming from the land going to the sea during the
night. AB
Convection: When heat moves through liquid or gases. AWB
Conduction: The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another
substance that are touching. D.G.K
Surface runoff - All the water on earth's surface AWB
Weather: A conditions of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and
place. AB
Transpiration - water evaporating from plants AR
Atmosphere - Layer of gases that surround the Earth AB
Wind - The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. AR
● Coriolis effect: Wind changes direction because of earthquakes 's
rotation. AWB
● Temperature (degrees celsius): Measuring the movement of molecules.
● Humidity (percentage): The current amount of water/moisture in the air
compared to the mass.
● Dew Point (degrees celsius): The temperature where dew forms.
● Pressure (kilopascals): The force pushing down by the atmosphere
● Wind direction: Where the wind is coming from.
● Wind speed (kilometers/hours): At what speed the wind is traveling. -EF
The closer that the dew point is to the temperature, the more likely it is that
it will precipitate. ABE
Molecules
Solid molecules:​ Solid molecules are closer
together but move very little. They have a
given shape.AL/ABE
Liquid molecules:​ Take the shape of their
containers, they have no specific formation.
They move around and pass each other
without touching. FR
Gas Molecules: ​Gas molecules are spread out, and will keep expanding until it
fills its container. They also have the most kinetic energy. They move around
quickly and spread out. They go in straight lines, but when they hit something,
they change direction. W. B./ABE