Download Physical Chemistry A Credit code：13110071 Credits：6 Hours：90

Physical Chemistry A
Credit code：13110071
Credits：6
Hours：90 (teaching hours: 90）
Preceded courses：Higher Mathematics, College Physics, Inorganic Chemistry
Major：Chemical Engineering and Technology
Course material：’Physical Chemistry’(fourth edition), Tianjin University, Higher
Education Press, 2004.
School：School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1. Course features and objectives：
Physical chemistry is an important basic theory course of chemical engineering
and technology specialty. The purpose of this course is to help the students who have
learned inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry and analytical chemistry using the
physics theories and methods on the chemical phenomenon to study theory and
quantitative, further understanding chemical changes in the general regularity and
exploration method. The status and role of physical chemistry in chemical engineering
and technology specialty is an important basic theory course, it is the important
theoretical basis of follow-up course in chemical engineering and technology
specialty (such as: the principle of chemical engineering, chemical engineering
thermodynamics, chemical reaction engineering, etc.), using the knowledge of
physical chemistry can solve a lot of actual problem in the chemical process. The task
of this course is to acquire systematic physical chemistry basic knowledge, basic
theory and basic skills for analysis and solution problem of chemical industry
production and scientific research.
2. Course elements and requirements
Introduction
understand the physical and chemical research contents, methods and requirements of teaching.
Ch1 PTV Features of gases
1）Course content
(1) Perfect gas equation
(2) Perfect gas mixture
(3) Gas liquefaction and critical parameters
(4) Real gas equation
(5) Corresonding state principle and the generalized compression factor diagram
2）Requirements
Understand deal gas state equation and the microscopic model，learn Dalton's
law and Amagat law. Understand the Van Der Waals equation and the Virial equation
and the real gas cirtical lproperties.
Ch2 The first law of thermodynamics
1）Course content
(1) Basic concept
(2) The First Law of Thermodynamics
(3) Constant volume heat, constant pressure heat and enthalpy
(4) Heat capacities, temperature changes during constant volume and constant
pressure process
(5) Joule experiment, the internal energy of ideal gas, enthalpy
(6) Reversible expansion of gas compression process, adiabatic reversible process
equation of ideal gases
(7) Phase change process
(8) Stoichiometric number, extent of reaction and standard molar enthalpy of reaction
(9) Calculate standard molar reaction enthalpy by standard molar enthalpy of
formation and standard molar combustion enthalpy
(10) Throttling expansion and Joule-Thomson experiment
2）Requirements
Master the First Law of Thermodynamics, state function, reversible process and
some important concepts, calculation of ideal gas in the typical process of △U, △ H,
Q, W. Master of ideal gas adiabatic reversible process equation, reversible insulator
volume work. Understand throttling expansion and process flow. Master the molar
reaction enthalpy concept and calculation method, master the standard molar enthalpy
of formation and standard molar combustion enthalpy.
Ch3 The second law of thermodynamics
1）Course content
(1) Carnot’s principle
(2) The Second Law of Thermodynamics
(3) Entropy and the priciple of increase entropy
(4) Calculation of simple PVT change entropy
(5) Calculation of phade change entropy
(6) The Third Law of Thermodynamics and calculation of chemical change entropy
(7) Helmholtz function and Gibbs function
(8) The basic equation of thermodynamics
(9) Clapeyron equation
(10) The Maxwell Relations
2）Requirements
Clear the meaning of second law of thermodynamics method, understand work
and heat irreversibility transfer is the common features of all the practical process.
From Carnot’s principle to entropy function, study on the physical meaning of entropy
change, master the calculation of entropy. Learn to use performance criterion, the
entropy criterion and the Gibbs function criterion and Helmholtz function criterion.
Grasp the relationship between the functions of thermodynamics, learn to use
Clapeyron equation.
Ch4 Thermodynamics of multi-component system
1）Course content
(1) Partial molar quantity
(2) Chemical potential
(3) Chemical potential of gas components
(4) Raoult’s Law and Henry’s Law
(5) Ideally liquid mixtures
(6) Ideally dilute solution
(7) Colligative properties of dilute solution
(8) Fugacity and fugacity factor
(9) Activity and activity coefficients
2）Requirements
Understand and master the partial molar quantity, chemical potential, fugacity,
activity, standard states and other basic concepts and physical significance. Master the
two law of Raoul's law and Henry's law of dilute solutions. Master the chemical
potential representation of gases and substances in solution. Master the colligative
properties of dilute solutions, the law of distribution and its application in chemical
engineering.
Ch5 Chemical equilibrium
1）Course content
(1) Chemical reaction isotherm equation
(2) Standard equilibrium constant of ideal gas reaction
(3) Effect of temperature on equilibrium constants
(4) Other factors to the influence of ideal gas standard equilibrium constant
(5) Real gas reaction equilibrium constant
(6) The chemical equilibrium of mixtures and Solutions
2）Requirements
Understand and master the chemical reaction Gibbs function change and
chemical affinity. Master the significance of application of chemical reaction isotherm
equation. Master the concept and significance of standard Gibbs function. Master
standard equilibrium constant, the equilibrium constants and the conversion rate of
various calculation and influence equilibrium of a variety of factors.
Ch6 Phase equllibrium
1）Course content
(1) The phase rule
(2) The lever rule
(3) One-component system phase diagram
(4) Gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram of the two components of ideal liquid mixtures
(5) Real gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram of the two components of a gaseous mixture
(6) Gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram of two component liquid partially miscible system and
full immiscible system
(7) Liquid-solid equilibrium phase diagram the two components of solid immiscible system
(8) Liquid-solid phase equilibrium of the two component solid miscible system
(9) Two component condensed system phase diagram of generation compound
(10) liquid - liquid equilibrium phase diagram of three component system
2）Requirements
Understand the physical significance of phase, component amout and degree of freedom,
grasp the illation of the phase rule and applied to the phase diagram analysis, master the making
method of typical phase diagram. Understand the knowledge in the field of chemical equilibrium
in certain applications.
Ch7 Electrochemistry
1）Course content
(1) The conductivity mechanism of electrolyte solutionand Faraday's law
(2) migration of ions
(3) conductance, conductance and molar conductivity
(4) electrolyte mean ionic activity factor and Debye-Hückel limit formula
(5) reversible cell and the determination of electromotive force
(6) the original battery thermodynamics
(7) electrode potential and the liquid junction potential
(8) electrode type
(9) the example of original battery design
(10) decomposition voltage
(11) polarization effect;
(12) the electrolytic electrode reaction
2）Requirements
Understand the mechanism of the electrical conductivity of electrolyte aqueous
solution and ion transference number concepts. Understand the concept of
conductivity, conductivity, molar conductivity, master the conductance measurement
and application and the law of independent migration of ions. Understand the
concepts of electrolyte activity and mean ionic activity, mean activity coefficient and
Debye-Hückel limit formula.
Master battery schema representation, understand the reversible cell condition
and the Weston battery. Master battery basic thermodynamic formulas Nernst
equation, measurement of electromotive forces and standard electric potential,the
calculations of electric potential, three kinds of electrode structure and electrode
reaction mode of writing and volume function force into electric power to achieve the
original cell design.
Understand the causes of electrode polarization, decomposition voltage, over
potential, polarization and other concepts. Master electrolytic cell and cell
polarization
difference,
methods
for
determination
of
polarization
curve,
electrodereaction order on poles of electrolysis. Understand the mechanism of
electrochemical corrosion and the methods of protection.
Ch8 Foundations of quantum mechanics
1） Course content
(1) basic postulates of quantum mechanics
(2) the potential of the particle in a box of Schrodinger equation
(3) the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator
(4) two body rigid rotor
(5) the structure of hydrogen ions and multi-electron atoms
(6) molecular orbital theory
(7) the profile of molecular spectra
2）Requirements
Master the basic postulates of quantum mechanics, learn treatment of a few
simple system quantum mechanical. Understand quantum mechanics on atomic
structure, molecular structure and applications in molecular spectra research.
Ch9 Surface phenomenon
1）Course content
(1) Interface tensile force
(2) additional pressure of curved liquid surface and its consequences ;
(3) solid surface;
(4) the liquid - solid interface ;
(5) the surface of the solution
2）Requirements
Understand and master the concepts of specific surface, surface free energy,
surface tensile force and its explanation of some surface phenomenon. Understand the
solid and the liquid surface adsorption phenomena. Master the relevant knowledge of
surface active agent. Understand and master the significance and application of
Laplace equation, Kelvin formula, Langmuir adsorption isotherm and Gibbs
adsorption formula.
Ch10 The basis of chemical kinetics
1）Course content
(1) the rate of chemical reaction and rate equation
(2) the rate equation for the integral form
(3) the determination of the rate equation
(4) the effect of temperature on reaction rate and activation energy
(5) a typical complex reaction
(6) approximation method of recombination reaction rate
(7) chain reaction
(8) gas reaction collision theory
(9) the potential energy surface and transition state
(10) solution reaction
(11) multiphase reaction
(12) photochemistry
(13) catalysis.
(14) single phase catalytic reaction
(15) heterogeneous catalytic reaction
2）Requirements
Grasp the concepts of elementary reaction, simple reaction and complex reaction
molecularity and reaction order and the activation energy and the representation of reaction rate.
Master the characteristics of simple order reaction and several methods of determination of
reaction order. Master the concentration and temperature on the reaction rate influence, especially
the influence of temperature - the Arrhenius equation.
Grasp typical composite reaction and the processing method of chain reaction dynamics,
master the recombination reaction rate approximate treatment, master single-molecule reaction
mechanism, preliminary master the determination method of the reaction mechanism.
Understand and master the physical significance of the collision theory and the transition
state theory and formula.
Understand response and phase response in solution, grasp the basic concept and
law of photochemistry, learn the photochemical reaction mechanism and rate
equations, photosensitive reaction. Understand and master the basic characteristics of
catalyst and the mechanism of catalytic reaction. Understand single phase catalytic
reaction and heterogeneous catalytic reaction.
Ch11 Colloid chemistry
1）Course content
(1) preparation of colloid
(2) the property of colloid
(3) the colloidal stability and coagulation
(4) suspensions, emulsions, foam and aerosol
(5) the osmotic pressure and viscosity of polymer
2） Requirements
Understand and master optical properties, dynamic properties and electrical
properties of the aerosol. Understand micelle structure, colloid’s stability, coagulation,
and the preparation and purification methods.
3. Assignment of course periods.
Chapter
Lecture
Introduction
1
Ch1 PTV Features of gases
1
Ch2 The first law of thermo
-dynamics
10
Ch3 The second law of thermo
-dynamics
11
Experiment
Operation
Ch4 Thermodynamics of
multi-component system
Ch5 Chemical equilibrium
Ch6 Phase equllibrium
Ch7 Electrochemistry
8
6
8
11
Ch8 Foundations of quantum
mechanics
9
Ch9 Surface phenomenon
8
Ch10 The basis of chemical kinetics
13
Ch11 Colloid chemistry
4
4. Syllabus description (Experimental content, basic requirements, exercise
requirements and other necessary explanations may be included)
(1) The experimental requirements are contained in the experimental syllabus.
(2) Teaching by multimedia
(3) Appropriate amount of homework is to be assigned ever time after lessons
which mainly contains exercises and questions attached in the textbook.
5. Reference
Fu Xiancai, ’Physical Chemistry’(4th edition), higher education press, c1992.