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Exam Review 5: Supplemental Instruction Iowa State University Leader: Course: Instructor: Date: Raelyn Biology 211 (3) Dr. Biederman April 8, 2015 1. This occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, establishing a new population whose gene pool differs from the original population. a. Bottleneck effect b. Founder effect c. Maternal effect d. Translocation 2. Who hypothesized that species evolve through use and disuse and through the inheritance of acquired traits? a. Charles Darwin b. Carolus Linnaeus c. Jean-Baptiste de Lamark d. Alfred Wallace 3. Which of the following is a postzygotic isolating mechanism? a. Hybrid sterility b. Habitat isolation c. Gametic isolation d. Behavioral isolation 4. Genetic drift has a major impact on _______. a. Small populations b. Large populations 5. Which person(s) advocated Uniformitarianism? a. John Ray b. Carolus Linnaeus c. Jean-Baptiste de Lamark d. James Hutton/Charles Lyell 6. Prevents the interspecies hybrid zygote from developing into a viable, fertile offspring. a. Prezygotic isolating mechanism b. Postzygotic isolating mechanism 7. What is the smallest unit that can evolve? a. Individual b. Population c. Species 8. Individuals with characteristics that best match their environment leave more offspring is related to which concept? a. Natural selection b. Decent with modification c. Use and disuse d. Artificial selection 9. Which of the following statements is false about genetic drift? a. Genetic drift is one cause of microevolution b. Genetic drift is the random change in allele frequencies in a population c. Genetic drift has a stronger affect on really small populations d. Genetic drift can predict allelic frequencies of each generation e. All statements are false Supplemental Instruction 1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center 294-6624 www.si.iastate.edu 10. All of the alleles for every gene in a given population is called _____? a. Species b. Gene pool c. Locus d. Hybrid zone 11. Which person viewed life as descent with modification? a. Charles Darwin b. Carolus Linnaeus c. Georges Cuvier d. Alfred Wallace 12. In human population, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is achieved _____. a. In small, ethnic communities b. In populations with large influxes of immigrants c. In large communities with random mating d. In communities that were founded by small numbers of people 13. Prezygotic isolating mechanisms _____. a. Impede members of different species from attempting to mate b. Prevent the hybrid zygote from developing into a viable, fertile adult c. Increase the probability of fertilization if mating is completed successfully d. Increase the number of successfully completed mating between member of different species 14. Which of the following is a true statement about Charles Darwin? a. He was the first to conclude that living organisms evolve b. He proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution c. He advocated catastrophism as an explanation for the fossil record d. He based his theory of evolution on the inheritance of acquired traits 15. The first step in allopatric speciation is ____. a. Mutation b. Geographic isolation c. Polyploidy d. Genetic drift 16. Mutations lead to ______________ genetic variation a. Increase b. Decrease 17. ______________isolation is where the egg and sperm of a species are biochemically incompatible a. Gametic b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Habitat 18. How bones present in the forelimbs of mammals are similar supports __________. a. Anatomical homology b. Molecular homology c. Embryological homologies 19. Natural selection is not random a. True b. False 20. If most of the population is killed, some genetic variability is lost, what is likely to occur? a. Bottleneck effect b. Founder effect c. Maternal effect d. Translocation 21. _______________ reduces the amount of variation in a trait a. Directional selection b. Stabilizing selection c. Disruptive selection 22. Natural selection operates at the level of the _____________ whereas evolution occurs at the level of the ______________. a. Population, individual b. Gene, population c. Individual, population d. Individual, gene 23. Populations diverge genetically, is what step in creating a new species? a. Step 1 b. Step 2 c. Step 3 24. Which of the following is not a process that can change allele frequency? a. Natural selection b. Genetic drift c. Gene flow d. Mutation e. All of the above 25. _____________isolation is an example of a prezygotic barrier where two species of trout breed at different seasons. a. Gametic b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Habitat 26. A vestigial trait in humans could possibly include: a. Big toes b. Small intestine c. Appendix d. Gaul bladder 27. Reproductive isolation evolves is what step in creating a new species? a. Step 1 b. Step 2 c. Step 3 28. The formation of a new species within the same geographic space is called: a. Allopatric speciation b. Historical speciation c. Sympatric speciation d. Natural speciation 29. Gene flow between two populations is interrupted is what step in creating a new species? a. Step 1 b. Step 2 c. Step 3 30. T/F Natural selection is not a main cause of microevolution a. True b. False 31. ___________ is the accumulation of heritable changes within a lineage a. Cladogenesis b. Use and Disuse c. Anagensis d. Classification system 32. _______________ changes the average value of a trait a. Direction selection b. Stabilizing selection c. Disruptive selection 33. __________isolation is where species rarely encounter because they live in different environments within a geographic area a. Gametic b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Habitat 34. Which of the following is false about common ancestry? a. Similarity as a result of sharing a common ancestor b. Apart of Darwin’s natural selection theory c. All living things share some fundamental traits d. All life has a single origin 35. Selective breeding for a desired trait describes: a. Natural selection b. Decent with modification c. Artificial selection d. Use and disuse 36. ___________ is when there is a branching in evolution where the gene pool is split and a new species arises a. Cladogenesis b. Use and Disuse c. Anagensis d. Classification system 37. Migration tends to _____ difference in allele frequency between populations while _____ genetic diversity within population. a. Decrease, increase b. Increase, increase c. Decrease, decrease d. Increase, decrease 38. _________ isolation can be described as a courtship ritual or behaviors to attract mates. a. Gametic b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Habitat 39. Which of the following scientists developed a theory of evolution that was very similar to Chalres Darwin? a. James Hutton b. Alfred Wallace c. Georges Cuvier d. Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck 40. According to the biological species concept, two organisms are considered to be different species if they _____. a. Look different b. Live in different habitats c. Are members of different populations d. Cannot mate and produce viable, fertile offspring 41. T/F The Hardy-Weinberg equation helps researchers look at changes in allele frequency. a. True b. False 42. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, 2pq refers to the frequency a. Of individual that are homozygous for one of the alleles b. Of individual that are heterozygous c. Of all the alleles in the population d. Of all the genotypes in the population 43. The Hardy-Weinberg equation is represented by: a. 1=p^3+2pq+q^3 b. 1=p^2+pq^2+q^2 c. 1=p^2+2pq+q^2 44. Which of the following might be occurring if a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. Natural selection b. Random mating c. No migration d. No mutation 45. In frogs, a gene controls the eye color, such that B=Brown and b=blue. On an island, there were 36 brown-eyed frogs and 64 blue-eyed frogs. What is the value of q for this population? a. 0.80 b. 0.11 c. 0.64 d. 0.60 46. A population of rabbits may be brown or white. Brown rabbits have the genotype BB or Bb. White rabbits have the genotype bb. The frequency of the BB genotype is 0.35. What is the frequency b in this equation? a. 0.35 b. 0.59 c. 0.41 d. 0.17 47. A hypothetical population of 10,000 humans has 6,840 individuals have dominant BB brown eyes, 2,860 individuals with Bb brown eyes, and 300 with blue eyes. What is genotype frequency for BB in this equation? a. 0.03 b. 0.68 c. 0.29 d. 0.17