Download u3-1-atom-vocabulary-diagrams

Bell Ringer
• Explain at least 3 differences
between Atoms & Cells.
ATOM
• Atoms are the
smallest unit
of matter.
• Everything is
made of
atoms.
• Example:
Carbon
Video 1: What Is an Atom?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
o-3I1JGW-Ck
Element
• An element is
made of only one
type of atom.
• It is a pure
substance.
• Atoms of the
same element
have the same
properties.
• Example: Carbon
Video 2: How Small Is an Atom?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
_lNF3_30lUE
NOTE: Stop video @ 2:30 min
Subatomic
Particles
• Protons
– Positive (+) charge
– Found in the nucleus
– Does not change (always
the same for the same
element)
– Accounts for part of the
atom’s mass
• Electrons
– Negative (-) charge
– Found outside the nucleus
– Can be lost, gained, or
shared to form chemical
bonds between atoms
– Valence electrons are the
outermost electrons
– An uncharged atom has
the same number of
electrons as protons
• Neutrons
– Neutral (0) charge
– Found in the nucleus
– Accounts for part of the atom’s
mass
– If lost or gained, the mass
changes
Video 3: How Can You See an
Atom?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
ipzFnGRfsfE
Add the charges to your diagrams!
Ions
• Ion = Charged Atoms caused by a change in the
number of ELECTRONS
• The number of electrons is different from the
number of protons
• Lose electron = + charge; Gain electron = - charge
Ions are used in many biological processes,
including neuron communication.
Video 4: What Are Ions?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
ipzFnGRfsfE
Isotopes
• Isotope = Atom with a different Mass because
there is a different number of NEUTRONs
• Atomic Mass is an Average Mass of all Isotopes
• Radioactive Isotopes are used to Tag and Trace
specific molecules through biological processes
Carbon Isotopes
Video 5: What Are Isotopes?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
xjY5p-1CDr8
Chemical Bonds
• Ionic = transfer (give-take) of electrons
– Weaker than covalent, stronger than hydrogen
• Covalent = Share a pair of electrons
– Single, double, or triple
– Strongest type of bond
• Hydrogen = weak attraction between
Hydrogen and other atoms
Video 6: Chemical Bonding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
LK2fIn_U0MY
STOP HERE
Complete any diagrams, etc. that you
did not finish.
Carbon
• Organic Compounds =
Made of Carbon
• All living things are made of
Carbon Compounds
• More versatile than any other
element
• Atomic # = 6
– Has 4 Valence Electrons
• Always forms COVALENT bonds
• Can form 4 bonds
– Single, double, or triple
– Ring shapes or chains
Organic Compounds
• Inorganic = does NOT contain Carbon
• Organic = contains Carbon
• 4 Types of Organic Macromolecules in Biology
– Carbohydrates
– Lipids
– Proteins
– Nucleic Acids
Monomer vs. Polymer
• Monomer = single subunit that can be combined
to make a larger molecule (polymer) Example: Amino Acid
• Polymer = Large molecule made of smaller
subunits (monomers) Example: Protein