Download Mathemathics Assessment Anchor Glossary

Mathematics Assessment Anchor Glossary
Grades 7 & 8
1. Acute Triangle
A triangle that has each angle measuring less than 90.
2. Adjacent Angles
Angles that share a common side and common vertex
and do not overlap.
3.Alternate Exterior
A pair of angles located outside a set of parallel lines
and on opposite sides of the transversal.
Angles
4. Alternate Interior Angles
A pair of angles located between a set of parallel lines
and on opposite sides of the transversal.
5.Box-and-whisker plot
A graphic method for showing a summary of data using
median, quartiles and extremes of data.
6.Complementary Angles Two angles whose measures, when added together,
equal 90.
7.Compound Event
An event made up of two or more simple events.
8.Coordinate
plane/graph
A two-dimensional system in which the coordinates of a
point are its distances from both a horizontal and a
x axes. The pairs of numbers are
vertical line called the
called ordered pairs. The first number, called the xcoordinate, designates the distance along the horizontal
axis. The second number, called the y-coordinate,
designates the distance along the vertical axis. The
point at which the two axes intersect has the
coordinates (0,0) and is called the origin.
x
9.Corresponding
Angles(1)
10.Corresponding
Angles (2)
When a transversal intersects two lines, corresponding
angles are on the same side of the transversal and on
the same side of the given lines. In the figure below,
angles 1 and 2 are corresponding.
Angles in the same relative position in similar or
congruent figures.
11.Equilateral Triangle
A triangle whose sides are all the same length.
12.Experimental
A statement of probability based on the results of a
series of trials (in an experiment --- the actual outcomes
÷ possible outcomes).
probability
13.Independent events
Two events in which the outcome of one event does not
affect the outcome of the other event.
14.Isosceles triangle
A triangle that has exactly two congruent sides.
15.Linear function
16.Mutually exclusive
events
17.Net
An equation whose graph in a coordinate plane is a
straight line.
Two events that cannot occur at the same time.
A two-dimensional shape that can be folded to create a
three-dimensional figure.
net
figure
18.Obtuse triangle
A triangle with one angle that measures more than 90º.
19.Order of operations
Rules describing what sequence to use in evaluating
expressions. (1) Perform operations in grouping
symbols, (2) Evaluate exponents, (3) Multiply or divide
from left to right, (4) Add or subtract from left to right.
(PEMDAS)
The product of an integer multiplied by itself (e.g., 121 is
a perfect square because 11x11=121).
Possible orders, or arrangements of a set of items.
Placing these items in a different order results in a new
permutation.
A three-dimensional solid that has two congruent and
parallel faces that are polygons. The remaining faces
are rectangles. Prisms are named by their bases.
20.Perfect square
21.Permutation
22.Prism
rectangular prism
triangular prism
23.Proportion
7
35

An equation showing that two ratios are equal.
20
x
24.Pythagorean theorem
A formula for finding the length of a side of a right
triangle when the lengths of two sides are given. (leg2 +
leg2 = hypotenuse 2 or a2 + b2 = c2)
25.Scalene triangle
A triangle with no congruent sides.
26. Scatterplot
A graph with points plotted to show a relationship
between two variables.
Amount of Time to Paint a House
27.Scientific notation
28.Stem-and-leaf plot
29.Supplementary angles
A form of writing very large or very small numbers using
a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10
multiplied by a power of 10 (e.g., 4.7 x 109 =
4,700,000,000).
A data display that shows groups of data arranged by
place value.
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Two angles whose measures, when added together,
equal 180.
30.Surface area
The sum of the areas of all of the faces of a threedimensional figure.
31.Theoretical probability A statement of the probability of an event without doing
an experiment or analyzing data (the likelihood that an
event will happen).
32.Vertical angles
A pair of opposite congruent angles formed when two
lines intersect.
*Note: Angle MRN and angle PRQ are also vertical angles.
33. Diameter
A line segment that has endpoints on a circle and
passes through the center of the circle.
34. Radius
A line segment that has one endpoint on a circle and
the other endpoint at the center of the circle.
35. Chord
A line segment whose endpoints are on a circle.
36. Circumference
37. Parallel
The distance around a circle.
Lines in the same plane that never meet
38.Perpendicular
.
Two lines that intersect at a right angle.
39. Skew line segments
Skew lines are non-parallel and do not intersect. Skew lines
must therefore lie in separate planes from one another (solid
geometry).
40. Similar Polygons
Polygons that have the same shape, but not necessarily
the same size. Corresponding sides of similar polygons
are proportional.
41.Congruent Polygons
Three pairs of congruent sides.
42. Quadrants
The four regions of a coordinate plane that are
separated by the axes.
43. Equation
A statement that two mathematical expressions are
equal, such as:
3x + y = 7
Note: Root word is EQUAL – so it MUST have an EQUAL SIGN
44. Inequality
45. Histograms
46. Median
47. Mean
   
A mathematical statement that one expression is not
equal to the other.
x  5 or y  -3
r  7 or d  -1
A bar graph in which the labels for the bars are
numerical intervals.
The middle number in a set of numbers arranged in
rank order.
The sum of numbers in a set divided by the number of
numbers in that set
48. Mode
The number that occurs most frequently in a set of data.
49. Hypotenuse
The longest side of a right triangle (which is also the
side opposite the right angle).
hypotenuse
50. Coefficient
A numerical or constant multiplier of the variable in an
algebraic term.
4x : coefficient is 4
51. Base
52. Exponent
53. Expression
Number used as the factor for repeated multiplication.
47
the base is 4
The raised number used as a power to indicate the
number of repeated multiplications of the base.
34
The exponent is 4
A mathematical statement that may use numbers,
variables, or both. NO EQUAL SIGN!
Examples:
2
x
3+7
2 + 6(4 - 2)
2y +5