Download Myology

"APPROVED"
Head of the Normal Anatomy Department
Associate professor
D. Volchkevich
Discussed at a meeting of the department
"03" january 2014, protocol № 10
TESTS ON HUMAN ANATOMY FOR PRE-EXAM TESTING OF STUDENTS
MYOLOGY
1.
2.
3.
4.
1. Specify functions of the skeletal muscles:
Keep a body in balance;
Form a mimicry;
Perform respiratory movements;
Perform swallowing movements;
1.
2.
3.
4.
2. Specify components of striated muscles:
Venter;
Cauda;
Caput;
Tendo;
1.
2.
3.
4.
3. What do anatomical structures belong to the auxiliary devices of muscles?
Bursae synoviales;
Vaginae synoviales tendinum;
Ossa sesamoideae;
Retinaculum musculorum;
1.
2.
3.
4.
4. Specify the superficial muscles of back:
M. serratus posterior superior;
M. serratus posterior inferior;
M. erector spinae;
M. rhomboideus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. To which bones does the trapezoid muscle attach?
Extremitas acromialis claviclae;
Processus coracoideus scapulae;
Acromion scapulae;
Spina scapulae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
6. Where does the m. latissimus dorsi originate?
Processus spinosus vertebrae thoracicae inferiores;
Processus spinosus vertebrae lumbales;
Crista iliaca;
3-4 costae inferiores;
1.
2.
3.
4.
7. Where does the m. latissimus dorsi attach?
Spina scapulae;
Crista tuberculi minoris;
Acromion;
Crista tuberculi majoris;
1.
2.
3.
4.
8. What are the functions of m. latissimus dorsi?
Adduction of a shoulder;
Supination;
Abduction of a shoulder;
Pronation;
1.
2.
3.
4.
9. Where does the m. rhomboideus attach?
Angulus costae II-V;
Margo superior scapulae;
Margo medialis scapulae;
Margo lateralis scapulae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
10. Which muscles belong to the m. erector spinae?
M. iliocostalis;
M. longissimus;
M. transversospinalis;
M. spinalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
11. Which parts the m. transversospinalis is divided on?
M. spinalis;
Mm. rotatores;
Mm. multifidi;
M. semispinalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
12. What muscles belong to deep muscles of the back?
Mm. levator scapulae;
M. splenius capitis et cervicis;
M. transversospinalis;
M. latissimus dorsi;
1.
2.
3.
4.
13. Where does the m. pectoralis major attach?
Crista tuberculi minoris humeri;
Crista tuberculi majoris humeri;
Processus coracoideus scapulae;
Margo medialis scapulae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
14. Where does the m. pectoralis minor originate?
I-II costae;
VI-VIII costae;
II-V costae;
Sternum;
2
1.
2.
3.
4.
15. What parts according to the place of the origin allocate in m. phrenicus:
Pars sternalis;
Pars thoracica;
Pars lumbalis;
Pars costalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
16. Which muscles take part in formation of abdominal pressure?
M. rectus abdominis;
M. obliquus internus abdominis;
M. psoas major;
M. transversus abdominis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
17. What muscles promote expansion of the thorax?
M. pectoralis major;
Mm. intercosnales externi;
M. pectoralis minor;
M. serrutus anterior;
1.
2.
3.
4.
18. Where does the m. obliquus internus obdominis originate?
Crista iliaca;
Os pubis;
Ligumentum inguinale;
Fascia thoracolumbalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
19. Specify functions of the diaphragm:
Respiratory muscle;
Muscle of the abdominal pressure;
Flexion of vertebral column;
Extension of vertebral column;
1.
2.
3.
4.
20. Which muscles does the fascia subperitonealis cover?
M. phrenicus;
M. psoas;
M. iliacus;
M. rectus abdominis;
21. What anatomical structures participate in formation of the posterior wall of a
vagina of the rectus abdominis muscle above umbilicus?
1. Ligamentum inguinale;
2. Aponeurosis m. obliqui interni abdominis;
3. Aponeurosis m. obliqui externi abdominis;
4. Fascia transversalis;
22. Name anatomical structures, which participate in formation of anterior wall of a
vagina of the rectus abdominis muscle below umbilicus:
1. Fascia transversalis;
2. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis;
3. Aponeurosis m. obliqui externi abdominis;
4. Aponeurosis m. obliqui interni abdominis;
3
1.
2.
3.
4.
23. Specify the structures participating in formation of walls of the inguinal canal:
M. obliquus internus abdominis;
M. rectus abdominis;
Fascia transversalis;
Lig. inguinale;
1.
2.
3.
4.
24. Which anatomical structure corresponds to the deep inguinal ring?
Fossa inguinalis medialis;
Fossa supravesicalis;
Fossa inguinalis lateralis;
Lacuna vasorum;
1.
2.
3.
4.
25. Specify the structures participating in formation of superficial inguinal ring:
Lig. inguinale;
Lig. reflexum;
Lig. pectineale;
Fibrae intercrurales;
1.
2.
3.
4.
26. What are the functions of m. sternocleidomastoideus?
Inclination of a head in the its side;
Inclination of a head forward;
Pulling of head backward;
Auxiliary respiratory muscle;
1.
2.
3.
4.
27. Specify muscles lying above the hyoid bone:
M. mylohyoideus;
M. digastricus;
M. stylohyoideus;
M. thyrohyoideus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
28. Specify muscles lying below the hyoid bone:
M. sternohyoideus;
M. omohyoideus;
M. thyrohyoideus;
M. sternothyroideus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
29. Which structures limit the trigonum caroticum?
M. omohyoideus;
M. digastricus;
Mandibula;
M. sternocleidomastoideus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
30. Which structures limit the trigonum submandibulare?
M. stylohyoideus;
M. mylohyoideus;
Glandula submandibularis;
M. digastricus;
4
1.
2.
3.
4.
31. Specify muscles which extense the cervical part of vertebral column:
M. splenius capitis at bilateral reduction;
M. splenius cervicis at bilateral reduction;
M. sternocleidomastoideus at bilateral reduction;
M. semispinalis at bilateral reduction;
1.
2.
3.
4.
32. Specify functions of the m. platisma:
Protects subcutaneus veins from squeezing;
Lowers the mandibula;
Delays an angle of a mouth from top to bottom;
Pulls a thorax upwards;
1.
2.
3.
4.
33. What are the specific features of the mimic muscles?
They are located superficially, just under the skin;
They are not covered by fascia;
Concentrated around of apertures of a skull;
They attach to the skin;
1.
2.
3.
4.
34. From where do the chewing muscles develop?
Myotome of the cervical somites;
Mesenchima of 1st visceral arch;
Mesenchima of 2nd visceral arch;
Mesenchima of 3rd and 4th visceral arches;
1.
2.
3.
4.
35. Specify specific features of the chewing muscles:
They are attached to the mandibula;
Act on temporomandibular joint;
They are concentrated around of apertures of skull;
Reflect internal, sincere status;
1.
2.
3.
4.
36. Name parts of the m. orbicularis oculi:
Pars palpebralis;
Pars orbitalis;
Pars nasalis;
Pars lacrimalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
37. Where does the m. masseter begin?
Processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis;
Arcus zygomaticus;
Os zygomaticum;
Processus abveolaris maxillae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
38. Where does the temporal muscle attach?
Facies externa anguli mandibulae;
Facies interna anguli mandibulae;
Collum mandibulae processus condylaris;
Processus coronoideus;
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
39. Specify anatomic structures to which the lateral pterygoid muscle is attached:
Facies interna anguli mandibulae;
Discus articularis art. temporomandibularis;
Processus coronoideus mandibulae;
Collum mandibulae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
40. Specify parts of the deltoid muscle:
Pars clavicularis;
Pars acromialis;
Pars coracoideus;
Pars scapularis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
41. Specify muscles, which approach scapula to the vertebral column:
M. latissimus dorsi;
M. trapezius;
M. levator scapulae;
M. rhomboideus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
42. Specify muscles lifting the scapula:
M. rhomboideus;
M. latissimus dorsi;
M. levator scapulae;
M. trapezius;
1.
2.
3.
4.
43. Where does the teres major muscle attach?
Acromion;
Tuberculum majus humeri;
Crista tuberculi majoris;
Crista tuberculi minoris;
1.
2.
3.
4.
44. Specify muscles, which rotate a shoulder externally:
M. infraspinatus;
M. supraspinatus;
M. teres major;
M. teres minor;
1.
2.
3.
4.
45. Specify muscles, which rotate a shoulder inside:
M. subscapularis;
M. teres minor;
M. teres major;
M. infraspinatus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
46. Which muscles flex a shoulder joint?
M. brachialis;
M. coracobrachialis;
M. biceps brachii;
M. teres major;
6
1.
2.
3.
4.
47. Which muscles take part in extension of the shoulder joint?
M. deltoideus;
M. subscapularis;
M. coracobrachialis;
M. triceps brachii;
48. Which topographical structures can be found on the anterior wall of axillary
cavity?
1. Trigonum clavipectorale;
2. Foramen trilaterum;
3. Trigonum pectorale;
4. Trigonum subpectorale;
1.
2.
3.
4.
49. Which anatomical structures limit the foramen trilaterum?
M. subscapularis;
Humerus;
M. teres major;
M. triceps brachii;
1.
2.
3.
4.
50. Canalis n. radialis is formed:
M. coracobrachialis;
Sulcus nervi radialis;
M. triceps brachii;
M. brachioradialis;
51. For which finger of a hand the common synovial vagina does not interrupt on the
middle of the palm:
1. 5-th finger (digitus minimus);
2. 4-th finger (digitus annularis);
3. 3-rd finger (digitus medius);
4. 2-nd finger (index finger);
1.
2.
3.
4.
52. Where does the brachial muscle attach?
Tuberositas radii;
Epicondylus medialis humeri;
Epicondylus lateralis humeri;
Tuberositas ulnae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
53. Where does the m. triceps brachii begin?
Tuberculum majus humeri;
Facies posterior humeri;
Septum intermusculare brachii laterale;
Tuberculum infraglenoidale;
1.
2.
3.
4.
54. Specify the muscles of a shoulder acting on elbow joint:
M. biceps brachii;
M. coracobrachias;
M. brachialis;
M. triceps brachii;
7
1.
2.
3.
4.
55. Specify functions of the triceps brachii muscle:
Pronation of a shoulder;
Extension of a forearm;
Extension of a shoulder;
Supination of a shoulder;
1.
2.
3.
4.
56. Specify the superficial anterior muscles of the forearm:
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. pronator teres;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
57. Where does the m. pronator teres begin?
Epicondylus medialis humeri;
Epicondylus lateralis humeri;
Tuberositas ulnae;
Processus coronoideus ulnae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
58. Where does the m. flexor digitorum superficialis attach?
Phalanx proximalis of 2-5 digitae;
Phalanx distalis of 2-5 digitae;
Phalanx media of 2-5 digitae;
2-5 ossa metacarpalia;
1.
2.
3.
4.
59. Specify the deep anterior muscles of the forearm:
M. flexor digitorum profundus;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor pollicis longus;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
60. Which muscles belong to the posterior muscles of the forearm?
M. brachioradialis;
M. supinator;
M. extensor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
1.
2.
3.
4.
61. Specify muscles of hypothenar:
M. palmaris longus;
M. palmaris brevis;
M. abductor digiti minimi;
M. opponens digiti minimi;
1.
2.
3.
4.
62. Specify functions of the mm. lumbricales of the hand:
Extension of proximal phalanxes;
Flexion of proximal phalanxes;
Extension of middle phalanxes;
Flexion of middle phalanxes;
8
63. Tendons of which muscles are located in the first canal under retinaculum
extensorum on dorsal surfaces of a wrist?
1. M. abductor pollicis longus;
2. M. extensor carpi radialis longus;
3. M. extensor pollicis longus;
4. M. extensor pollicis brevis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
64. Where does the iliopsoas muscle attach?
Patella;
Trochanter major;
Trochanter minor;
Crista intertrochanterica;
1.
2.
3.
4.
65. Which muscles rotate the leg inside?
M. biceps femoris;
M. semimembranosus;
M. semitendinosus;
M. tibialis posterior;
1.
2.
3.
4.
66. Specify the posterior deep muscles of the leg:
M. flexor hallucis longus;
M. flexor digitorum longus;
M. plantaris;
M. tibialis posterior;
1.
2.
3.
4.
67. Name muscles of medial group on the plantar surface of the foot:
M. flexor hallucis brevis;
M. adductor hallucis;
M. plantaris;
M. tibialis posterior;
1.
2.
3.
4.
68. Which muscles extense foot in the ankle joint:
M. tibialis anterior;
M. extensor digitorum longus;
M. popliteus;
M. tibialis posterior;
1.
2.
3.
4.
69. Which structures limit the femoral triangle?
Ligamentum inguinale;
M. sartorius;
M. pectineus;
M. adductor longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
70. Where the muscular lacuna is situated:
Foramen ischiadicum majus;
Foramen ischiadicum minus;
Laterally than arcus iliopectineus;
Medially than arcus iliopectineus;
9
1.
2.
3.
4.
71. Which anatomic structures pass through the muscular lacuna?
M. piriformis;
M. iliopsoas;
M. pectineus;
Nervus femoralis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
72. Which muscle passes through the greater sciatic foramen?
M. iliopsoas;
M. obturatorius internus;
M. obturatorius externus;
M. piriformis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
73. Which muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen:
M. iliopsoas;
M. obturatorius internus;
M. piriformis;
M. obturatorius externus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
74. Specify the structures forming walls of the femoral canal:
Ligamentum inguinale;
Fascia transversalis;
Vena femoralis;
Lamina profunda fasciae latae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
75. Hiatus saphenus of fascia lata femoris is bounded by:
Funiculus spermaticus;
Arcus iliopectineus;
Ligomentum inguinole;
Margo falciformis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
76. Specify the structures, which form the walls of the canalis adductorius:
M. adductor magnus;
M. vastus medialis;
Lamina vastoadductoria;
M. adductor longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
77. Which muscles limit the fossa poplitea?
M. biceps femoris;
M. semimembranosus;
Caput mediale m. gastrocnemii;
Caput laterale m. gastrocnemii;
1.
2.
3.
4.
78. Specify the canals, which open in popliteal fossa:
Canalis femoralis;
Canalis adductorius;
Canalis cruropopliteus;
Canalis musculoperoneus superior;
10
1.
2.
3.
4.
79. Which muscles limit the canalis cruropopliteus?
M. soleus;
M. gastrocnemius;
M. tibialis posterior;
M. peroneus longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
80. Which canal communicates with the cruropopliteal canal?
Canalis musculoperoneus inferior;
Canalis adductorius;
Canalis musculoperoneus superior;
Canalis femoralis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
81. Which structures participate in formation of canalis musculoperoneus inferior?
Fibula;
M. flexor digitorum longus;
M. flexor hallucis longus;
M. peroneus brevis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
82. Which structures participate in formation of superior musculoperoneal canal?
Tibia;
Fibula;
M. flexor digitorum longus;
M. peroneus longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
83. Which muscle is superior edge of the omoclavicular triangle?
M. sternocleidomastoideus;
M. omohyoideus;
M. sternohyoideus;
M. digastricus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
84. Which muscle passes through the canalis carpi radialis:
M. palmaris longus;
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor pollicis longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
85. The tendon of which muscle forms the palmar aponeurosis:
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor pollicis longus;
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. palmaris longus;
86. Which muscles pass in the second canal under retinaculum extensorum on the
dorsal surfaces of wrist?
1. M. extensor carpi radialis longus;
2. M. extensor digitorum;
3. M. extensor pollicis longus;
4. M. extensor carpi radialis brevis;
11
1.
2.
3.
4.
87. Which tendons are located in common synovial vagina of flexors?
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. flexor digitorum profundus;
M. flexor pollicis longus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
88. Where the Pirogov’s triangle is sitated?
Trigonum submandibulare;
Trigonum coroticum;
Trigonum omotracheale;
Trigonum omoclaviculare;
1.
2.
3.
4.
89. Which fasciae form the white line of the neck?
Fascia colli superficialis;
Lamina superficialis fasciae colli propriae;
Lamina profunda fasciae colli propriae;
Fascia endocervicalis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
90. Which muscles pass through the canalis carpalis on the palm?
M. flexor pollicis longus;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor digitorum profundus;
1.
2.
3.
4.
91. Which muscles take part in formation of the sulcus radialis?
M. palmaris longus;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. brachioradialis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
92. Which muscles take part in formation of the sulcus ulnaris?
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. palmaris longus;
93. Which muscles pass in the fourth canal under retinaculum extensorum on the
dorsal surfaces of wrist?
1. M. extensor pollicis longus;
2. M. extensor digitorum;
3. M. extensor digiti minimi;
4. M. extensor indicis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
94. Which muscles take part in formation of the sulcus medianus?
M. flexor carpi radialis;
M. flexor digitorum superficialis;
M. flexor carpi ulnaris;
M. flexor pollicis longus;
12
1.
2.
3.
4.
95. Which formations limit the anulus femoralis?
Ligamentum inguinale;
Vena femoralis;
M. iliopsoas;
Ligamentum pectineale;
1.
2.
3.
4.
96. Which muscles take part in formation of the sulcus plantaris medialis?
M. flexor digitorum brevis;
M. abductor digiti minimi;
M. abductor hallucis;
M. flexor hallucis brevis;
1.
2.
3.
4.
97. Which muscles take part in formation of the sulcus plantaris lateralis?
M. abductor digiti minimi;
M. flexor digiti minimi;
M. flexor digitorum brevis;
M. quadratus plantae;
1.
2.
3.
4.
98. Which from the plantar muscles has two heads – oblique and transverse?
M. abductor hallucis;
M. flexor hallucis brevis;
M. adductor hallucis;
M. abductor digiti minimi;
1.
2.
3.
4.
99. What from the listed muscles perform supination of the foot?
M. tibialis anterior;
M. extensor hallucis longus;
M. peroneus longus;
M. peroneus brevis;
100. Which muscles pass in the sixth canal under retinaculum extensorum on the
dorsal surfaces of wrist?
1. M. extensor digitorum;
2. M. extensor digiti minimi;
3. M. extensor carpi ulnaris;
4. M. extensor indicis;
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