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The Age of Exploration The Portuguese Voyages In Today’s Class In today’s lesson we will learn about the Portuguese explorers and the voyages around the world. ● Prince Henry the Navigator ● Bartholomew Diaz ● Vasco de Gama. Introduction to the Portuguese Voyages Reasons for the Voyages ● They wanted to increase the opportunity for the Portuguese to trade. ● They heard about a great Christian king called Prester John who they thought could help them fight the Muslims in northern Africa and the Middle East. ● The Portuguese heard that there were gold mines further south in Africa. Prince Henry the Navigator ● Prince Henry was one of the younger sons of King John I. ● He was very interested in exploration and set up a school for navigation in southern Portugal. ● People came from all around to learn about map making, shipbuilding, and astronomy, and to plan their voyages. Prince Henry the Navigator ● Prince Henry organised voyages along the African coast. ● His ships would mark the furthest distance they got with a stone pillar and then return with gold for the next voyage. ● His sailors discovered the Azores, the Canary Islands, and the Cape Verde Islands. Bartholomew Diaz ● Bartholomew Diaz was a Portuguese noble who wanted to reach the southernmost point of Africa. ● He sailed south by the coast but was caught in a storm that blew him off course for two weeks. ● He finally reached the southern tip of Africa and called it the Cape of Storms. ● When he returned to Portugal, King John renamed it the Cape of Good Hope. Vasco de Gama ● De Gama set sail with four ships in the hopes of finding a sea route to Asia. ● Unlike other Portuguese explorers, de Gama avoided Africa until he passed the Cape of Good Hope. ● He was out of sight of land for 96 days. Vasco de Gama ● After de Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope, he reached Kenya and hired an Arab pilot to help him reach India. ● By the time de Gama returned to Portugal, many of his crew died and it was two years after he left. ● De Gama was given lands, a title, and a pension by the King. Map of the Portuguese Voyages Results of the Portuguese Voyages ● Trading posts and forts were set up along the east coast of Africa, India, and the Spice Islands. ● The Arabs were pushed further back towards the Middle East. ● This was the start of the powerful Portuguese empire. ● Portuguese language and culture was spread. In Conclusion The Portuguese Voyages were led by: ● Prince Henry the Navigator, who reached the islands east of Africa. ● Bartholomew Diaz, who reached the Cape of Good Hope. ● Vasco de Gama, who sailed all the way to India and back again.