Download U.S. History EOC Review

U.S. History
EOC Review
Becoming a World Power through World War II
This amendment
prohibited the sale
and use of alcoholic
beverages.
The 18th Amendment
This amendment
passed in 1933
repealed the
prohibition of alcohol,
the 18th amendment.
The 21st Amendment
He was the founder of
the first black labor
union and a prominent
Civil Rights leader
A. Philip Randolph
This Chicago-based gangster
ran a crime syndicate based
on smuggling and
bootlegging of liquor during
the Prohibition Era of the
1920s and 1930s.
Al Capone
She was an American suffragist
leader who, along with Lucy
Burns, led a successful
campaign for women\'s suffrage
that resulted in the passage of
the Nineteenth Amendment to
the U.S. Constitution in 1920.
Alice Paul
These were the
nations united against
the Axis during World
War II.
Allied Powers
This is an area of presentday eastern France
annexed by the Germans in
WWII; it had been occupied
by the French following the
Treaty of Versailles.
Alsace-Lorraine
This is the term given to
the March 1938 German
annexation of Austria,
making it part of the
growing Nazi empire.
Anschluss
This theater is located in
Harlem in New York City
and was famous for hosting
mostly African-American
music acts for most of the
20th Century.
Apollo Theater
This is a policy of
accepting imposed
conditions by one
country to avoid combat
with another.
Appeasement
This is a manufacturing
process that uses
interchangeable parts
added in sequence to
create a finished product.
Assembly Line
This was the document
developed by Churchill
and Roosevelt in 1941
that helped establish the
vision for post-World War
II.
Atlantic Charter
This was the nuclear
weapon used by the
U.S. to force Japan to
surrender during
WWII.
Atomic Bomb
This was the
alliance of nations
that opposed the
Allies in World War
II.
Axis
Know as the "Sultan of Swat" this
baseball great played for the New
York Yankees, was the "Home Run
King" until 1974, and is often
credited with saving the game of
baseball after the disgrace of the
1919 World Series.
Babe Ruth
This is a term used for
emergency bank
closures mandated by
Congress to relieve
financial crises.
Bank Holiday
This term refers to events that
occurred during the Great
Depression where panicked
customers withdrew their
deposits in fear that the banks
were going to close and their
investments would be lost.
Bank Run
This Japanese war crime
resulted in the deaths of
over 11,000 American
prisoners as part of the
Battle of the Philippines in
1942.
Bataan Death March
This was a WWII naval battle
in the Pacific Theater in June
of 1942. It was a clear
defensive victory for the US
against the attacking
Japanese and permanently
weakened the Japanese Navy.
Battle Of Midway
This is the name given to the
World War II battle between
US and German forces in
Belgium in late 1944 and early
1945. It was the last attempt
by Hitler to break through
Allied lines.
Battle Of The Bulge
This is the name given
to the day in October
of 1929 when the
Stock Market crashed.
Black Tuesday
This was a rapid new
attack method used
by Nazi Germany in
WWII.
Blitzkrieg
This is a contract to
repay borrowed money,
often issued by a
company. This issues
financial security for a
debt.
Bond
During the Great Depression
(specifically 1932), this group of
veterans protested in Washington,
D.C., to receive their 'bonus' for
fighting in World War I, though
payment was not required until
the next decade.
Bonus Army
This was a U.S. educator
and reformer. He became
perhaps the most
prominent African
American leader of his
time.
Booker T. Washington
This term refers to the
illegal Prohibition-era
business of making liquor
and transporting it using
camouflage or stealthy
means.
Bootlegging
This is the term used for
a group of advisors to
President Roosevelt. Most
of them were experts in
their particular fields.
Brain Trust
He was a Democratic
candidate for President three
times, supporter of American
farmers, the US Secretary of
State under Woodrow Wilson,
and a fighter of evolution.
Bryan
This term refers to the
practice of buying stocks or
securities with cash borrowed
from a stock broker, in the
hopes of paying back the
borrowed money with profits
from the purchased stocks.
Buying On Margin
Known for his laissezfaire economic policies,
he became President in
1923 following the death
of Warren G. Harding.
Calvin Coolidge
Prior to World War II, this was
President Roosevelt's revision of the
Neutrality Acts: participants in the
war in Europe could purchase war
materiel from the U.S. but only if they
paid for them full up front and
arranged for the transport of the
goods themselves.
Cash and Carry
This was a New Deal program
established to relieve
unemployment during the
Great Depression by providing
national conservation work
primarily for young unmarried
men.
CCC
He was the first man to
pilot the first solo non-stop
flight across the Atlantic
Ocean in 1927 aboard his
airplane, The Spirit of St.
Louis.
Charles Lindbergh
He was a British
statesman and leader
during World War II.
Churchill
This term refers to Native
Americans who served in the
United States Marine Corps
during World War II whose job
was to encode, transmit, and
decode radio messages in the
NavaJo language.
Cool Talkers
This group was founded
in 1942 by James Farmer
to coordinate a nonviolent resistance
movement to Jim Crow
laws.
CORE
This was a bill sponsored by
Roosevelt that would have
given the President power to
appoint an extra Supreme
Court Justice for every
sitting Justice over 70 1/2.
Court Packing Bill
He was a famous defense
lawyer of the early 20th
century, perhaps most notable
for his work in the famous
"Scopes Trial" (1925), as well as
defending Leopold and Loeb in
their 1924 murder case.
Darrow
A government in
which absolute power
is exercised by one
ruler.
Dictatorship
This term refers to the World War
II civil rights campaign begun by
African American newspaper The
Pittsburgh Courier that called for
a victory over the Axis powers
and a victory over racial
oppression at home.
Double V
This was a United States
general who served as chief of
staff and commanded Allied
forces in the South Pacific
during World War II; he
accepted the surrender of
Japan (1880-1964).
Douglas MacArthur
This was the site of the 1944
meeting between the United
States, the United Kingdom,
the Soviet Union, and China,
that yielded what would
become the United Nations.
Dumbarton Oaks
This was the term given
to the area of the Great
Plains that was most
greatly affected during
the Great Drought of the
1930's.
Dust Bowl
This was a United States
general who supervised the
invasion of Normandy and
the defeat of Nazi Germany;
34th President of the United
States (1890-1961).
Dwight Eisenhower
This is name of a town in
northern Egypt in which
Allied forces twice
defeated Axis attempts in
1942 to advance towards
the Suez Canal.
El Alamein
This is the name given to the
order that was issued by
Franklin Roosevelt in 1942 and
it resulted in the internment of
over 120,000 citizens of
Japanese ancestry for the
duration of World War II.
Executive Order 9066
This is the name given to
an authoritarian political
system in which
complete loyalty is given
to the state, and usually
a dictator.
Fascism
This was a federally
sponsored corporation which
insures deposits in national
banks and certain other
qualifying financial
institutions up to a stated
amount.
FDIC
This was a series of radio
talk shows featuring
President Franklin
Roosevelt between 1933
and 1944.
Fireside Chats
This term refers to initial
reforms and changes made
by Franklin Roosevelt upon
becoming the President and
beginning his "New Deal"
programs.
First Hundred Days
The nickname given to
women of the 1920s who
wore their dresses short,
their hair shorter, and
lived a very active social
life.
Flappers
He was the longestserving president of the
United States and the
only president elected
more than twice.
Franklin Roosevelt
This is what provided for
college or vocational
education for WWII
veterans as well as oneyear of unemployment
compensation.
GI Bill
This was a period of
global economic crisis
that lasted from 1929 to
1939. There was
widespread poverty and
high unemployment.
Great Depression
This was the large
movement of African
Americans from the
Southern U.S. to the
Northern U.S. in the
early-20th century.
Great Migration
This was the period
during 1920s of
outstanding creativity
centered in New York's
black ghetto.
Harlem Renaissance
He was 33rd President of the
United States, taking over
after the death of Franklin
Roosevelt, and was
responsible for giving the
orders to drop the atomic
bomb on Hiroshima in 1945.
Harry Truman
This 1930 tariff was passed
with the goal of protecting
the American economy, but
in reality it reduced U.S.
imports and exports by as
much as 50%.
Hawley Smoot Tariff
This was the founder of an
automobile company and
the first person to apply
assembly line
manufacturing to affordable
automobiles.
Henry Ford
He was the 31st President of
the U.S. He was progressive,
humanitarian and Republican.
He lost favor with the
American public due to the
Great Depression and his illfated technical solutions.
Herbert Hoover
He was the leader of
Japan before, during,
and after World War
II.
Hirohito
This is the Japanese city
that was the first to be
subjected to nuclear
warfare to bring about
the end of WWII.
Hiroshima
This was the
totalitarian leader of
Nazi Germany during
World War II.
Hitler
This was the popular name for
old newspapers that were used
by the homeless as bedding
during the Great Depression, so
named because president
Herbert Hoover was blamed for
the economic crisis.
Hoover Blanket
This is the name given to the
Depression-era villages,
comprised of shacks built with
leftover wood, crates, and sheet
metal. They were usually havens
for disease and represented the
desperation of the masses after
the collapse of the stock market.
Hoovervilles
He was a Louisiana Democrat who
served as both Governor and
Senator. He proposed more
radical methods than Roosevelt\'s
New Deal, entitled Share Our
Wealth. He had Presidential
ambitions, but was assassinated
in 1935.
Huey Long
This is a term referring to
the imprisonment or
confinement of people,
generally in prison camps
or prisons, without due
process of law and a trial.
Internment
This is a western name for
the boundary which
symbolically and physically
divided Europe from the
end of WWII until the end
of the Cold War.
Iron Curtain
This is a policy of
nonparticipation in
international affairs.
Isolationism
This was a fierce battle on a
small Pacific Island in
February-March of 1945 that
took place against Japanese
forces. The US gained a key
military airstrip as a result.
Iwo Jima
This is a period during the 1920s
when the national attitude was
positive and upbeat, and
Americans had money as the
stock market soared. Traditional
values saw a decline, and
Modernism was the cultural focus.
Jazz Age
Laws requiring that
facilities and
accommodations, public
and private, be
segregated by race.
Jim Crow
He was the totalitarian
dictator of the Soviet
Union from 1928
through 1953.
Joseph Stalin
This agreement, signed
by 65 nations in 1928,
prohibited the use of war
as an "instrument of
national policy."
Kellogg-Briand Pact
This was the Supreme
Court case which
declared that internment
of Japanese-Americans
was constitutional.
Korematsu V. United States
This was a secret society
organized in the South after the
Civil War to reassert white
supremacy by means of
terrorism, fell from prominence
after Reconstruction, but was
reborn in the 1920s and remained
powerful through the 1960s.
Ku Klux Klan
This a French term which
means "allow to do",
relating to the philosophy
that government should
stay out of the economic
markets.
Laissez Faire
He was a prolific AfricanAmerican poet, novelist
and playwright who is
best known for his work
during the Harlem
Renaissance.
Langston Hughes
This was a program of the
U.S. government during
WWII which provided allies
with war material while
keeping the U.S. from
actively engaging in combat.
Lend Lease
This facility was founded in
north-central New Mexico
during the 1940s in
conjunction with the
Manhattan Project, the plan
to create an atomic bomb.
Los Alamos
This is the Chinese region that
was a military and political
battleground between Japan,
China, and Russia; Russia claimed
it in the late-1800s, Japan later
took control of it and kept it
under their control until the end
of the Second World War.
Manchuria
This was the effort during
WWII to develop the first
nuclear weapons of the
United States in
collaboration with the U.K.
and Canada.
Manhattan Project
This is an organization of
a nation's armed forces
for active military service
in time of war or other
national emergency.
Mobilization
This was a meeting of
European countries which led
to, through appeasement,
the surrender of
Czechoslovakia to Nazi
Germany.
Munich Conference
He was a leader of Italy
during World War II and
ally to Adolph Hitler. He
created a fascist state
through the use of state
terror and propaganda.
Mussolini
This is the oldest and
largest U.S. civil rights
organization. Members of
this have referred to it as
The National Association.
NAACP
This is the name of
the second city to be
attacked with an
atomic weapon during
World War II.
National Labor Relations Act
This was part of Roosevelt\'s
New Deal that tried to
stimulate the US economy out
of the Great Depression by
giving Presidential powers to
regulate businesses.
National Recovery Act
This is often viewed as
an extreme form of
patriotism.
Nationalism
In the late 19th century, this
political and social movement
swept through the United States,
its followers believing that all
people who were not born in the
U.S. and were of European
heritage should be banned from
the country.
Nativism
In the early-20th century,
Adolf Hitler was the leader
of this fascist movement
known for its repressive
government and genocidal
social policies.
Nazism
This is the policy of a
nation to take no side in
a war between other
countries in the hopes of
avoiding attack
themselves.
Neutrality
These were a series of
1930s laws passed to
keep the US out of the
growing tensions in
Europe and Asia.
Neutrality Acts
These were the programs and
policies to promote economic
recovery and social reform
introduced during the 1930's
by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt.
New Deal
He was a five-star during
World War II who
oversaw U.S. operations
in the Pacific Theatre of
War and Allied strategy
of "island hopping."
Nimitz
This amendment
guaranteed that all
women in the United
States would have the
right to vote.
The 19th Amendment
This is the name for the
combat group made up
entirely of Japanese
American soldiers who
fought in Europe during
World War II.
Nisei
This was a U. S.
government agency
charged with
administering the
National Labor Relations
Act (1935).
NLRB
This was the agreement made
between Germany and the
Soviet Union in August 1939
in which both sides agreed to
stay neutral in the event
either were attacked by a
third party.
Non Aggression Pact
This is another name for
Operation Overlord, the
Allied invasion of western
Europe that began on
June 6, 1944.
Normandy Invasion
Nazi World War II
criminals were tried
during these before an
international tribunal.
Nuremburg War Trials
This is a slang term for a
person from Oklahoma. It is
sometimes used, generically,
to refer to migrants who
settled in California during
the Great Depression.
Okies
This refers to the
SPECIFIC area of fighting
between Japanese and
Allied forces during World
War II.
Pacific Theater
These were assaults ordered
by Attorney General Mitchell
Palmer on suspected radicals
after World War I. They were
controversial because of the
lack of evidence that was
needed to carry them out.
Palmer Raids
These are two or more
timelines used to
compare developments
in different areas in the
same time frame.
Parallel Timelines
This is the U.S. Naval
base attacked by the
Japanese in 1941 that
brought the U.S. into
WW II.
Pearl Harbor
This country was
invaded by Germany
in the fall of 1939.
This began WWII.
Poland
After World War I this strip
of land left Danzig, in East
Prussia, separated from the
rest of Germany. This was
one of the issues leading to
the Second World War.
Polish Corridor
This meeting of the Allied
leaders was held in the
Summer of 1945 in Eastern
Germany following the Nazi
surrender, and determined
the fate of post-war Germany.
Potsdam Conference
This was the outlawing
of the sale,
production, or
transportation of
alcoholic beverages.
Prohibition
This term refers to a method
of influencing a community in
favor of or against some
cause. This method of
communicating often is, by
definition, biased and leaves
out selective information.
Propaganda
This is a tax on imported
goods designed to prevent
domestic companies from
having to compete with
foreign goods of lower price
or superior quality.
Protective Tariff
This New Deal program allowed
money to be spent on the
construction of public works to
provide employment to out of
work Americans, improve the
public welfare, and contribute to
a revival of American industry.
Public Works Administration
This communication
medium became popular
in the early-Twentieth
Century, providing people
with both information
and entertainment.
Radio
This is the controlled
distribution and
consumption of scarce
resources and goods.
Ration
This is a decline in a
country\'s GDP for two or
more successive quarters.
It is usually characterized
by a significant decline in
economic activity.
Recession
This independent regulatory
committee was created in
1932 during the Hoover
Administration in an attempt
to support banks and railroads
during the early part of the
Great Depression.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
This was the period after each
world war which saw massive
upheaval in the U.S. and fear of
many foreigners. It was
characterized by widespread fears
of Communist influence on U.S.
society and Communist infiltration
of the U.S. government.
Red Scare
This was the campaign
promise by Warren G. Harding
during the Election of 1920,
echoing many peoples' desire
to get back to a simpler way
of life following World War I.
Return to Normalcy
This area along the
German/Belgian border was
demilitarized following World
War I and was a focal point of
Adolf Hitler\'s expansionistic
goals in the years leading up
to World War II
Rhineland
This notable scientist is often
called the "father of the
atomic bomb" for his role in
the Manhattan Project, the
World War II program that
developed the first nuclear
weapons.
Robert Oppenheimer
This term describes
the 3 goals of FDR's
New Deal programs:
relief, recovery, and
reform.
Roosevelt’s 3 R’s
This was a fictional
woman that represented
all the women that took
manufacturing jobs
during WWII to support
the war effort.
Rosie the Riveter
This political philosophy was
advocated by Herbert Hoover
(and other conservative
politicians) at the start of the
Great Depression that
advocated personal selfreliance.
Rugged Individualism
This is the name given to
the 1920 murder trial
involving two Italian
immigrants, the outcome of
which was likely influenced
by the First Red Scare.
Sacco And Vanzetti Case
William Jennings Bryan was
a three time Democratic
Party candidate for
President, orator of the
famous "Cross of Gold
Speech"•
in 1896, and won
this infamous trial in 1925.
Scopes Trial
This regulatory agency of
the U.S. Government was
created in 1934 to
provide oversight of the
country's stock market.
SEC
This organ of the United Nations is
made up of five permanent
members- China, France, Russia, the
United Kingdom, the United Statesand ten other rotating countries. The
group has ultimate power within the
U.N. to investigate any international
disputes or incidents.
Security Council
This nickname refers to the
lack of talking that that the
30th President of the
United States was known
for.
Silent Cat
This is a federal
government program that
provides income support to
people who are
unemployed, disabled, or
over the age of 65.
Social Security
These facilities were
organized and sponsored by
churches or charities during
the Great Depression in an
effort to feed the homeless
and needy.
Soup Kitchens
This is the name given to
bars and nightclubs that
illegally sold alcohol
during the era of
Prohibition.
Speakeasy
This is a buying a
commodity- such as land or
stock- that with an unusually
high risk but with the
expectation of a substantial
gain when the price goes up.
Speculation
The was the site of a major
battle between German and
Soviet forces from July 1942 to
February 1943 in which over
750,000 Germans and nearly
500,000 Soviets were either
killed, wounded, or missing.
Stalingrad
This was a famous
dramatic loss of value in
the shares of stock in
corporations that hit the
U.S. in 1929.
Stock Market Crash
This is the name of the
western region of
Czechoslovakia that was
inhabited mostly by German
speaking peoples and that was
annexed by Nazi Germany in
1938.
Sudetenland
This is the right to
vote.
Suffrage
This court has appellate
jurisdiction and limited
original jurisdiction; this
court is the final court of
appeals.
Supreme Court
This was women's suffrage
pioneer co-founded the
women's rights journal, "The
Revolution," pushed for
emancipation, and eventually
was placed on a dollar coin.
Susan B. Anthony
This 1927 film was the
first to feature recorded
sound accompanying the
motion picture, and is
regarded as the first
"talkie."
The Jazz Singer
Known as the "Wizard of
Menlo Park," he is famous for
his hundred of inventions,
including the incandescent
light bulb, phonograph, the
Dictaphone, and hundreds of
others.
Thomas Edison
This term is used to
describe the type of basic
education that all students
should receive: reading,
writing, and arithmetic.
Three R’s
He was a General in the
Japanese Imperial Army
and the country's Prime
Minister during World
War II.
Tojo
This is a centralized
government that does
not tolerate opposing
political opinions.
Totalitarian
This was an
international
agreement signed in
1919 that ended WWI.
Treaty of Versailles
These men were the first
African American military
aviators in the United
States armed forces and
they served with distinction
in WWII.
Tuskegee Airmen
This amendment was
passed in 1933 and
ended "Prohibition."
The 21st Amendment
Created by Congress as
one of the major publicworks projects of the
New Deal, this built a
system of dams in the
southeast.
TVA
This is an international
organization created
following World War II to
provide a way to
negotiate disputes.
United Nations
This is the name given to
the end of World War II
in Europe in May of
1945. It stands for
"Victory in Europe" Day.
VE Day
This is the name given to
small agricultural plots
farmed by American and
other Allied families during
World War I and World War
II.
Victory Garden
This is the name given to
the surrender of Japan
and the end of fighting in
the Pacific Theatre of
World War II in August of
1945.
VJ Day
This is what helped to
enforce the eighteenth
amendment, dealing with
alcohol prohibition.
Volstead Act
These were a type of
savings bonds used by
governments to help
fund their war effort.
War Bonds
This is not only the name of a
famous science fiction novel,
but its 1938 radio adaptation
whose realistic portrayal of
an alien invasion caused
panic and desperation as it
aired.
War of the Worlds
He was the 29th President of
the United States (19211923), and is famous for his
many scandals- including the
Teapot Dome Scandal- and
for dying in office.
Warren G. Harding
He was a major African
American civil rights leader in
the late 19th century through
the first half of the 20th
century. He was an author,
historian, and a co-founder of
the NAACP in 1909.
W. E. B. DuBois
This was a movement
to give females the
right to vote.
Women’s Suffrage
An American singersongwriter and folk
musician who wrote
about his Dust Bowl
experiences.
Woody Guthrie
This was a worldwide
military conflict from
1939 to 1945 in which
the Axis and Allies were
pitted against each other.
World War II
Created in 1935 under the New
Deal, it aimed to stimulate the
economy during the Great
Depression and preserve the skills
and self-respect of unemployed
persons by providing them useful
work.
WPA
This refers to a series
of riots between white
sailors and Latino
youths in Los Angeles
during World War II.
Zoot Suit Riots
This was the meeting that
took place in February of 1945
between the heads of state of
the WWII allied powers. The
purpose of the meeting was to
discuss the reorganization of
Europe after WWII.
Yalta Conference
This Harlem Renaissance
author produced four
novels and more than 50
published short stories,
plays, and essays.
Zora Neale Hurston