Download Unit 3 NS - Mentor High

CULTURE MATTERS: UNIT 3
NAME:___________________________________ MOD.____________
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Describe culture and explain the significance of national culture and subcultures
Identify the components of culture and describe their impact on international business
Describe cultural change and explain how companies and culture affect each other
Explain how the physical environment and technology influence culture
Describe two frameworks used to classify cultures and explain their practical use
Kimberley Process
Certification Scheme
(KPCS)
Process designed to ______________________ of rough diamonds
from sources which are ______________________ funded by
diamond production.
CULTURE
Set of _______________________________________________
held by a specific group of people (customs)
RACE
Person’s _______________
ETHNOCENTRICITY
Belief that one’s own ethnic group or culture is __________________
________________________________________________________
WHY AVOID ETHNOCENTRICITY?
1) Can cause us to view other cultures in terms __________________
and cause us to ______________ important human and
environmental __________________ among cultures.
2) It can _________________ our business projects if we are
____________________ to cultural nuances (_____________)
CULTURAL
LITERACY
___________________________of a culture that enables a person
to function _________________________________.
WHY DEVELOP CULTURAL LITERACY?
1)Cultural literacy improves the ability of managers to __________
employees, _______________&______________ products;
_____________ negotiations in local markets.
2) It can bring us and our companies closer to customers’ _________
and can increase ___________________________________.
GLOBAL MINDSET
Because of the complexity of doing business today, it is a prerequisite
For managers to build multi-cultural relationships to achieve results.
CULTURAL
ADAPTABILITY
Manager must be knowledgeable of an unfamiliar culture and
_______________________________ accordingly to lead
multicultural teams.
BUILDING GLOBAL
MENTALITY
Developing an _____________________________ mentality toward
all things unfamiliar, ___________________ global business
principles, and _______________________________ our abilities to
implement strategies.
BRIDGING THE GAP
Employing __________________ when Western management
ideas are applied to Eastern cultures and vice versa (ex: Western
Managers may implement ___________________________ practices
In Asia to better suit Asian values of group consensus.
FLEXIBILITY IS KEY
Flexibility cannot be ______________________ because the more
_________________________ the issue, the greater is local culture’s
Influence on that issue.
SUBCULTURE
People who share a ________________________ within a larger culture
(ex : language, race, lifestyle, attitudes, etc.)
COMPONENTS
OF CULTURE
Business is conducted within the context of society. Culture is a collection of
values, beliefs, behaviors, customs and attitudes that distinguish one society
from another. A society’s culture determines the rules that govern how firms
operate within a society.
AESTHETICS
All that a culture considers to be in “___________________” and beauty as
expressed in arts, imagery evoked by certain expressions, and symbolism of
colors.
VALUE
______________________________________________________________
to which people are emotionally attached. Accept certain things
and reject others
In Japan and Saudi Arabia, the initial business meeting often focuses on
determining whether the parties_________________________________,
rather than on the details of the meeting.
This time is not being wasted.
Because these cultures value personal relationships so highly, time is being
utilized for an important purpose—assessing the qualities of potential business
partners.
ATTITUDES
__________________________________________________________people
hold toward objects or concepts
In U.S. we believe time is money so don’t waste it. In Arab cultures, meetings
may not only start later than stated time but may be interrupted by family and
friends who wander in to exchange pleasantries. We consider this rude and
undermines our dignity but to Arabs, it is considered to reflect an open-door
policy that reflect the hospitality of the host and respect the host offers to all
guests—just the kind of person with whom the Arab presumes the Western
wants to do business with.
MANNERS
Appropriate ________________. ________________& _______________/
Conducting business before, during, and after meals is common practice
In U.S. but unacceptable in other cultures which prefer to wait
until _____________________.
CUSTOMS
Traditional ________________ or ________________ in _____________
circumstances.
FOLK
__________________________of elements of a culture from
______________________ to _______________________
(Islamic tradition - _______________) Pre-dates Islam and is
symbol of _____________ identify. “To put on a turban” is associated
with conversion to Islam. Profit Mohammad know as the weaver of the
turban, believed the headdress represented piety, dignity, and manhood
and was used as a way of distinguishing Muslims from other Arab
civilizations who wore similar clothing.
POPULAR
Practiced by________________________ group or by several groups
_____________ has long been associated with Mexico. Originated in
Spain during Spanish War when Moorish chieftains and Christian knights
turned their rivalry toward the ring and competed against each other
In the killing of bulls. Spaniards brought their game of skill to New World
and it soon took root in Mexico
GIFT GIVING
Giving __________ gifts to business and government associates.
U.S. FOREIGN
CORRUPT
PRACTICES ACT
Prohibits companies from giving _______________________ to
__________________________________ and applies to U.S. firms
at ___________ and ________________. FCPA about ______________
_______________________, __________________________________.
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
_____________ is grouped into structurally related groups or sets of
roles with different _____________, _____________, or _____________.
Examples of social structures: __________________________________.
They influence economic, legal, political, and cultural systems.
SOCIAL GROUP
________ or more people who _____________ and _______________ with
each other. Defining characteristic: ______________________.
Contribute to individuals ________________ and __________________
Nuclear Family
Extended Family
Common in __________________________________________________.
Includes _____________________________________________________
Common in __________________________________________________
Includes _____________________________________________________
Gender –socially learned traits associated with men and women.
Cultures differ in their view of gender equality at work.
SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION
Process of ____________ people into social layers according to
_____________________, ________________, _________________
Based on four principles:
1) It is a trait of ___________, not simply a reflection of ________________
_______________; (2) It carries over from
____________________________; (3) It is _______________; (4) It
involves not just inequality but also __________.
SOCIAL MOBILITY
Ease of moving up or down a culture’s ____________________________.
____________ and _______________ affect social mobility as well as
____________________________________________________________.
restricts people to social rankings in which they are _________.
Expectations are to _________ and ____________ with people of the same
Social class. (ex: India)
___________________ and _______________ decide social status
and mobility. Can improve status by _____________________ and
Getting a better __________.
Caste system
Class system
WORLD RELIGIONS
Religious beliefs important because 1) they ___________ peoples values;
2) Religious views of work, savings, and materials goods influence
_______________________________________________________________
CHRISTIANTIY
World’s largest religion with over 300 denominations, 2B members.
Roman Catholics expected to refrain from placing __________________ above
________ and _____________
Protestants believe salvation comes from ________________________
and ________________ gives glory to God.
ISLAM
World’s second largest religion with 20.28% of world’s population.
Islam means __________________________. and Muslim means
________________________. Devout Muslims let their religion
determine acceptable goods and services. (ex: strict Muslims do not
drink _______________, eat _______________ or charge _________
on money lent.
HINDUISM
World’s third largest religion with 15% of world’s population.
_________ system influences people’s way of like and occupational
Options. Strict Hindus do not eat or harm _______________________
because of the belief in _______________________ - rebirth of the
human soul at the time of death.
BUDDHISM
Life centered on ____________ rather than ___________ matters.
Seek ____________________(escape from reincarnation) through
charity, modesty, compassion for others, restraint from violence, and
general self-control
CONFUCIANISM
__________________ violates strict beliefs. Merchants distrusted.
JUDAISM
Key holidays _____________________ (Jewish New Year);
__________________ (Day of Atonement); __________________
(Exodus from Egypt) and __________________ ( ancient victory
over Syrians. Work schedules adjusted for these holidays and
_______________ (from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday)
Fully observant Jews eat only _______ foods (food that adheres to Jewish law)
______________ or ___________________
SHINTO
Native religion of ______________. Teaches sincere and ethical behavior,
loyalty and respect toward others and enjoyment of life. Reflects itself
in workplace through practice of lifetime employment for workers and
high degree of trust between firms and customers, loyal workforces,
low employee turnover, and good labor-management cooperation.
LANGUAGE
BLUNDERS
_________________________ is the most critical part and
the most common factor in the majority of business blunders.
Good communication links are essential if there is to b a
_____________________ relationship between a ______________
and its __________________, _____________________,
_____________________, and _____________________________.
Advertising slogans and company documents should be carefully
translated so messages are received precisely as intended.
LINGUA FRANCA
_______________ of communication between people of
different languages. ex: If one speaks _______________ and
not ________________ and the other speaks ________________
and not ________________________ but both speak _______________
English becomes the ______________ ______________________.
BODY LANGUAGE
Communication through _____________ cues (hand gestures, facial
expressions, physical greetings, eye contact, and manipulation of
personal space)
EDUCATION
Cultures pass on _________________,________________________,
and __________________ through schooling, parenting, group
membership, etc.
EDUCATION
LEVEL
Well-educated attract _____________________ jobs; poorly educated
attract ______________________ manufacturing jobs.
EMIGRATION
Act of _____________one country or region to settle in another
IMMIGRATION
Act of ___________ in another country for purpose of settlement
BRAIN DRAIN
Emigration of _____________________ people from one profession,
geographic region or nation to another.
REVERSE
BRAIN DRAIN
ILLITERACY
Return of highly educated individuals to their ___________________.
Occurs when scientists, engineers, or other intellectual elites migrate to a
less developed country to learn in its universities, perform research,
or gain working experience in areas where education and employment
opportunities are limited in their home country. These professionals
then return to their home country after several years of experience to
start a related business, teach in a university, work for a multi-national
in their home country.
illiteracy is an inability to use language -- an inability to read, write,
listen and speak.
Having been poor
is no shame,
but being
ashamed of it,
is
– Benjamin Franklin