Download Geometry: A Year Around

Geometry: A Year Around
By: Kourtney Mansfield
Chapter 1: Points, Lines, and
Planes
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Point – Has no dimension. Usually represented by a
small dot.
Line – Extends in one dimension. Usually
represented by a straight line with two arrow heads
to indicate the line extends in two direction,
without end.
Plane – Extends in two dimensions. Usually
represented by a shape that looks like a tabletop or
wall.
Collinear Points – Points that lie on the same line.
Coplanar Points – Points that lie on the same plane.
Chapter 3: Lines and Angles
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Parallel Lines – Coplanar lines that do not intersect.
Skew Lines – Lines that do not intersect and are not
coplanar.
Parallel Planes – Two planes that do not intersect.
Transversal – A line that intersects two or more coplanar
lines at different points.
Chapter 4:Triangles and Angels
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Vertex – Each of the three points joining the sides of a
triangle.
Adjacent Sides – Two sides sharing a common vertex.
Legs – The sides that form the right angle.
Hypotenuse – The side opposite the right angle.
Interior Angles – The three original angles.
Exterior Angles – The angles that are adjacent to the
interior angles.
Chapter 6: Polygons
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Convex Polygon – If no line that contains a side of the
polygon contains a point in the interior of the polygon.
Nonconvex or Concave Polygons– If a line that contains a
side of the polygon contains a point in the interior of the
polygon.
Equilateral Polygon – All sides are congruent.
Equiangular Polygon – All interior angles are congruent.
Regular Polygon – Equilateral and equiangular.
Chapter 7: Rigid Motion in a Plane
and Reflections
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Preimage – The original figure.
Image – The new figure.
Transformation – The operation that moves the
preimage onto the image.
Reflection – Uses a line that acts like a mirror, with an
image reflected in the line.
Line of Reflection – The mirror line.
Chapter 8: Ratio and Proportion
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Proportion – An equation that equates two ratios.
Extremes – The numbers a and b in the proportion.
Means – The numbers b and c in the proportion.
Ratio – If a and b are two quantities that are measured in
the same units, then the ration of a to b is a/b.
Chapter 9: Trigonometric Ratios
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Trigonometric Ratios – A ratio of
the lengths of two sides of a right
triangle.
Sine, Cosine, and Tangent – The
three basic trigonometric ratios.
Angle of Elevation – The angle
that your line of sight makes with
a line drawn horizontally.
Chapter 10: Tangents to Circles
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Circle – The set of all points in a
plane that are equidistant from a
given point.
Center – The given point located
in the center of a circle.
Radius – a segment whose
endpoints are the center of the
circle and a point on the circle.
Diameter – The distance across
the circle, through its center.
Chapter 11: Areas of Regular
Polygons
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Center of the Polygon
–The center of its
circumscribed circle.
Radius of the Polygon
– The radius of its
circumscribed circle.
Apothem of the
Polygon – The height
of a triangle between
the center and two
consecutive vertices of
the polygon.
Chapter 12: Surface Area of Prisms
and Cylinders
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Prism – A polyhedron with two congruent faces.
Bases – The two congruent faces of a prism.
Lateral Faces – The other faces of a prism.
Right Prism – Each lateral edge is perpendicular to both
bases.
Oblique Prisms – Prisms that have lateral edges that are
not perpendicular to the bases.