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Chapter 16 Multi-format Test
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement tr ue.
1. When chemical bonds form, energy is absorbed.
2. The electrons that are involved in the chemical bonding are called oxidation electrons.
3. The type of chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons is the ionic bond.
4. The most stable number of valence electrons an element in the third period may possess is 18 electrons.
5. Covalent bonds are more likely to form between two atoms when the separation between them on the periodic
table is small.
6. Strong electron donors are found on the left side of the periodic table.
7. Oils are carbohydrates that are liquid at room temperature.
8. On each rung of a DNA ladder, the base thymine only pairs with the base pair adenine.
9. The branch of chemistry that specializes in carbon and carbon compounds is called ecological chemistry.
Completion
Complete each statement.
Select any term from Chapter 16 to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in the list.
bond
atom
lipids
formula
oxidation
amino acids
catalyst
ion
carbohydrates
molecule
double helix
element
10. When atoms transfer or share electrons they form a chemical
.
11. A group of atoms that forms a compound held together by covalent bonds is called a
.
12. When an atom gains or loses one or more electrons, it becomes a particle called an
13. The number and type of each element in a compound is given by the chemical
.
.
14. The number indicating the charge on an atom when an electron is lost, gained, or shared is called the
number.
15. Sugars and starches are both types of
.
16. DNA molecules are in the shape of a
.
1
Name:
17.
18. Enzymes are a type of
ID: A
are the building blocks of proteins.
for chemical reactions.
Short Answer
19. The neon atom pictured below does not bond with other atoms frequently. Why?
2
Name:
ID: A
Use the diagram of the periodic table below to answer the following questions.
1
1
2
18
1
2
H
He
Hydrogen
1.0
2
3
4
13
6
7
8
9
10
N
O
F
Ne
Lithium
6.9
Beryllium
9.0
Boron
10.8
Carbon
12.0
Nitrogen
14.0
Oxygen
16.0
Fluorine
19.0
Neon
20.2
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
P
S
Silicon Phosphorus
28.1
31.0
Sulfur
32.1
Chlorine
35.5
Argon
39.9
34
35
36
Al
Sodium
23.0
Magnesium
24.3
3
4
19
20
21
22
Potassium
39.1
Calcium
40.1
37
38
Scandium
45.0
39
Y
5
23
V
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Aluminum
27.0
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Titanium
47.9
Vanadium
50.9
Chromium
52.0
Manganese
54.9
Iron
55.8
Cobalt
58.9
Nickel
58.7
Copper
63.5
Zinc
65.4
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Strontium
87.6
Yttrium
88.9
Zirconium
91.2
Niobium
92.9
Molybdenum
95.9
55
56
57
72
73
74
Technetium Ruthenium
(97.9)
101.1
75
76
Rhodium
102.9
Gallium Germanium
69.7
72.6
49
50
Arsenic
74.9
Selenium
79.0
Bromine
79.9
51
52
53
54
I
Xe
Cadmium
112.4
Indium
114.8
Tin
118.7
Antimony
121.8
Tellurium
127.6
Iodine
126.9
Xenon
131.3
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
77
Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Barium
137.3
Lanthanum
138.9
Hafnium
178.5
Tantalum
180.9
Tungsten
183.8
Rhenium
186.2
Osmium
190.2
Iridium
192.2
Platinum
195.1
Gold
197.0
Mercury
200.6
88
89
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
Rutherfordium
(261.1)
Dubnium
(262.1)
Seaborgium
(263.1)
Bohrium
(262.1)
Hassium
(265)
58
59
60
61
Krypton
83.8
Silver
107.9
87
Actinium
(227.0)
33
Palladium
106.4
Cesium
132.9
Radium
(226.0)
32
Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Rubidium
85.5
Francium
(223.0)
Si
Cl Ar
Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Thallium
204.4
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Uun Uuu Uub
7
Helium
4.0
C
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir
6
17
5
Rb Sr
5
16
B
K Ca Sc Ti
4
15
Li Be
Na Mg
3
14
Meitnerium Ununnilium Unununium
(266)
(271)
(272)
62
63
Ununbium
(277)
64
65
66
Lead
207.2
Bismuth
209.0
Polonium
(209.0)
Astatine
(210.0)
Radon
(222.0)
114
116
118
Uuq
Uuh
Uuo
Ununquadium
(285)
Ununhexium
(289)
Ununoctium
(293)
67
68
69
70
71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Cerium
140.1
90
Praseodymium Neodymium
140.9
144.2
91
Th Pa
Thorium
232.0
Protactinium
231.0
92
P romethium
(144.9)
Samarium
150.4
Europium
152.0
Gadolinium
157.3
Terbium
158.9
Dysprosium
162.5
Holmium
164.9
Erbium
167.3
Thulium
168.9
Ytterbium
173.0
Lutetium
175.0
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Uranium
238.0
Neptunium
(237.0)
Plutonium
244.1
Americium
(243.1)
Curium
(247.1)
Berkelium
(247.1)
Californium Einsteinium
(251.1)
(252.1)
Fermium
(257.1)
Mendelevium
(258.1)
Nobelium
(259.1)
Lawrencium
(262.1)
Figure 15-1 The Periodic Table of the Elements
20. What are the numbers of the two most active groups of elements on the periodic table?
21. Predict the oxidation numbers for potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl).
22. Predict the chemical formula of the compound formed when the two elements, K and Cl, combine.
23. How can you predict an element’s oxidation numbers based on its placement on the periodic table?
24. What does the placement of an element on the periodic table have to do with its formation of chemical bonds
with other elements.
25. Barium has an oxidation number of +2 and oxygen has an oxidation of -2.
a. What is the chemical formula for barium oxide?
b. What is the total charge for barium oxide?
26. A double helix DNA molecule has the following code:
a. ATGCTTGCT
b. TACGAACGG
After DNA is reproduced, what do you have? (For a & b, write the matching code letters.)
3
Problem
27. An oxygen atom is represented below. The small dark circles represent electrons surrounding the nucleus.
What is the number of valence electrons in the oxygen atom?
28. If an iron atom loses 2 electrons, what is the oxidation number for the ion that is formed?
Essay
29. Explain how knowing the element lithium's oxidation number (1+) helps to determine what compounds it will
form.
30. What does a chemical formula tell you?