Download The Wrist and Hand Joints

10-1
Kinesiology for Manual Therapies
Chapter 10
The Wrist and Hand Joints
McGraw-Hill
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10-2
Learning Outcomes
10-1 Define key terms.
o 10-2 Locate on a human skeleton
selected bony structures of the arm,
forearm, wrist, hand, and fingers.
o 10-3 Label selected bony landmarks
of the wrist and hand on the skeletal
chart.
o
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10-3
Learning Outcomes (cont.)
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10-4 Name the bones of the hand.
10-5 Draw and identify the muscles
involved in the hand and wrist on a
skeletal chart.
10-6 Palpate the bony structures
and the muscles of the forearm,
hand, and wrist on a partner.
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10-4
Learning Outcomes (cont.)
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10-7 Explore the origins and
insertions of the muscles of the
forearm, hand, and wrist on a
partner.
10-8 Demonstrate with a partner all
the active and passive movements
of the hand and wrist joints.
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10-5
Learning Outcomes (cont.)
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10-9 Organize and list the muscles
that produce the primary
movements of the wrist, hand, and
fingers.
10-10 List the antagonists and
synergists of the muscles of the
wrist and hand.
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10-6
Learning Outcomes (cont.)
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10-11 Determine the names of the
muscles and nerve that travel
through the carpal tunnel.
10-12 Practice flexibility and
strengthening exercises for each
muscle group.
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10-7
Introduction
This chapter reviews the bones, joints,
and movements involved in gross motor
activities; discusses nerves involved.
 Each prime mover is discussed in detail.
 Intrinsic muscles are briefly reviewed.

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10-8
Bones
The wrist and hand contain 29 bones
including the radius and ulna.
 There are eight carpal bones in two rows
of four to form the wrist: the scaphoid,
lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform form
the proximal row, and the trapezium,
trapezoid, capitate, and hamate form the
distal row.

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10-9
Bones (cont.)
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10-10
Bones (cont.)
There are five metacarpal bones that join
the wrist and provide a joint for the
phalanxes.
 There are 14 phalanxes, 3 for each
phalange and 2 for the thumb.

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10-11
Bones (cont.)
The medial and lateral epicondyles of
the humerus are common origin sites for
the flexors and extensors of the hand and
wrist.

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10-12
Joints
The wrist joint is classified as a
condyloid-type joint which enables
movement in two planes, allowing flexion,
extension, abduction, and adduction.

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10-13
Joints (cont.)
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10-14
Joints (cont.)
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10-15
Joints (cont.)
Each finger has three joints. The
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint is a
condyloid joint (knuckle).
 The next joint is the proximal
interphalangeal (PIP) joint and is a
ginglymus joint

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10-16
Joints (cont.)
At the end of the finger is the distal
interphalangeal (DIP) joint that is a
ginglymus joint also.
 The carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of
the thumb is a saddle-type joint that
allows opposition which is unique to
humans.

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10-17
Joints (cont.)
Finger Joints and Ligaments
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10-18
Movements
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10-19
Movements (cont.)
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10-20
Movements (cont.)
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10-21
Movements (cont.)
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10-22
Muscles
Three wrist flexors are flexor carpi
radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and
palmaris longus flex the wrist.
 The wrist extensors are extensor carpi
radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis
brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris.

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10-23
Muscles (cont.)
Nine muscles function the phalanges.
The flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor
digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis
longus.
The extensor digitorum, extensor
indicis, and extensor digiti minimi are
finger extensors.

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10-24
Muscles (cont.)
The extensor pollicis longus and
extensor pollicis brevis extend the thumb.
 The abductor pollicis longus abducts
the thumb.
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10-25
Muscles (cont.)
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10-26
Muscles (cont.)
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10-27
Muscles (cont.)
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10-28
Nerves
The muscles of the wrist and hand are all
innervated from the radial, median, and
ulnar nerves of the brachial plexus.
 Review the OIAI charts for individual
muscle innervations.

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10-29
Nerves (cont.)
The carpal tunnel houses the median
nerve on the palmar side of the hand,
above the flexor tendons and just beneath
the flexor retinaculum.
 The flexor retinaculum spans from the
hook of the hamate to the tubercle of the
trapezium.

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10-30
Nerves (cont.)
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10-31
Nerves (cont.)
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10-32
Nerves (cont.)
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors
Palmaris longus
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10-33
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Palmaris longus
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10-34
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor carpi radialis
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10-35
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor carpi radialis
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10-36
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
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10-37
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
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10-38
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor digitorum superficialis
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10-39
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor digitorum superficialis
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10-40
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor digitorum profundus
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10-41
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor digitorum profundus
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10-42
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor pollicis longus
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10-43
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Flexors (cont.)
Flexor pollicis longus
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10-44
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi ulnaris
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10-45
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi ulnaris
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10-46
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
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10-47
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
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10-48
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi radialis longus
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10-49
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor carpi radialis longus
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10-50
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor digitorum
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10-51
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor digitorum
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10-52
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor indicis
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10-53
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor indicis
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10-54
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor digiti minimi
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10-55
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor digiti minimi
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10-56
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor pollicis longus
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10-57
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor pollicis longus
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10-58
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor pollicis brevis
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10-59
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Extensor pollicis brevis
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10-60
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Abductor pollicis longus
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10-61
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Individual Muscles of the Wrist and
Hand-Extensors (cont.)
Abductor pollicis longus
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10-62
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10-63
Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
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10-64
Chapter Summary
The bones, joints, movements,
muscles, and nerves of the hand and
wrist joints are explored in this chapter.

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10-65
Chapter Summary (cont.)
Individual muscles of the hand and wrist
are reviewed in depth with regard to
palpation, origin, insertion, action, and
innervation.
 Each muscle includes information with
clinical notes, muscle specifics, clinical
flexibility and strengthening.

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10-66
Chapter Review
The Chapter Review is divided into true
and false, short answers, and multiple
choice questions.
 The questions are designed for the
students to test their knowledge.
 Worksheets are at the end of the text as
an aid for learning.

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10-67
Explore and Practice
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Students should utilize the questions and
charts at the end of the chapter to help
focus on the content of the chapter.
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