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SOUTHEAST ASIAN CERAMICS MUSEUM
BANGKOK UNIVERSITY
Buddhism in Upper Chao Phraya Basin: An Intersection of Dvaravati
Culture between the Khorat Plateau and the Tha Chin Valley
Pimchanok Pongkasetkan
Curator of Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum
Focuses
► To
characterize Dvaravati Culture in Upper
Chao Phraya basin via Buddhist material
► To consider the relationship of Dvaravati
settlement in upper Chao Phraya basin and
another site in Thailand
Characteristic of Dvaravati Culture
► Early
historical Culture
in Thailand, dating
from 5th – 12th
Centuries AD.
► Spreading all over
Thailand territory
except Southern part
► Buddhist communities,
but still some trace of
Hinduism
Some Important Dvaravati
settlement
Credit: Mathew D. Gallon
Buddhist Material in Dvaravati
Culture
► Dharmachakra
► Buddha
Image
► Votive Tablet
► Narrative Art
► Sema Stone
► Miniature Terracotta Stupa
Dharmachakra
► Mostly
found in Central
Thailand (Tha- Chin
basin), especially in
Ancient Nakorn
Prathom and U-Thong,
Supanburi
► Few number in
Northeast, South, and
Upper Central
Buddha image
Votive Tablet
► Mostly
found in
Dvaravati Settlement
► Various Types
Narrative Art
► Life
of the Buddha
► Jataka
► Bodhisattva in
Mahayanism
Credit: Dr. Stephen A. Murphy
Sema Stone
► General
use as
boundary stone
► Narrative Art Depicting
as common
► Mostly found in
Northeast Thailand
► Few number found in
Central and Western
Credit: Dr. Stephen A. Murphy
Miniature Terracotta Stupa
► General
found in
Central Thailand
► Some pieces revealed
“Ye dharma…”
inscription in Pali
Dvaravati Settlement in Upper Chao
Phraya Basin
► Dong
Mae Nang Muang, Nakorn Sawan
province
► Thap Cumpon, Nakorn Sawan province
► Kok Mai Den, Nakorn Sawan province
► Wat Tha Mai, Nakorn Sawan provice
► U-Trapao, Chainat province
Dong Mae
Nang Muang
Thup
Chumpon
Kok Mai den
U-Trapao
&Dong Kon
Dong Mae Nang Muang, Nakorn
Sawan province
Moated site with rampart,
square in shape
► Late Dvaravati period during
9th-12th centuries
► Sema Stone, Buddha Image
and Votive Tablet in
Northeast Artisans styles
►
Thap Chumpon,
Nakorn Sawan
province
► Moated
site with
rampart, round in
shape
► Miniature Terracotta
Stupa with inscription
and Votive Tablets
Kok Mai Den, Nakorn Sawan
province
► Moated
site
► Monument with
narrative art depicting
► Votive tablet
Wat Tha Mai, Nakorn Sawan provice
► No
settlement found
► Dharmachakra with
Stumbha
U-Trapao and Dong Kon, Chainat
province
► Moated
site, with
rampart
► Dharmackra with
Stumbha
► Narrative art depicting
Buddha with Stupa
and Dharmachakra
Credit:Prof.Phasook Indrawooth
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Central Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Dharmachakra
- Wat Tha Mai
- U-Trapao
- Dong Kon
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Central Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Dharmachakra
at
Nakorn Prathom and
U-Thong
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Central Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Buddha
Image from
Dong Mae Nang
Muang
► Buddha
Image from
Nakorn Prathom
Comparison of Votive tablet from Central
Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Votive
tablet from
Dong Mae Nang
Muang
► Votive
Tablet from
Nakorn Prathom
Comparison of Narrative Art
from Central Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Saddanta
Jataka from
Kok mai Den
► Saddanta
Jataka from
Chula Prathon Chedi,
Nakorn Prathom
Comparison of Miniature Terracotta Stupa
from Central Thailand(Tha Chin Valley)
► Min.Terrocotta
Stupa
from Thup Chumpon
► Min.Terrocotta
Stupa
from Nakorn Prathom
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Korat Plateau and Pasak Valley
►
Votive Tablet from Dong Mae
Nang Muang
►
Votive Tablet from Fa Daed Song
Yang
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Korat Plateau and Pasak Valley
► Sema
Stone from Dong
Mae Nang Muang
► Sema
Stone from
Muang Fa Daed
Comparison of Buddhist Material
from Korat Plateau and Pasak Valley
► Sema
Stone from Dong
Mae Nang Muang
► Sema
Thep
Stone from Sri
Comparing Buddhist material
► Central
Thailand(Tha
Chin Basin)
- Dharmachakra
- Votive tablet
- Narrative Art
- Miniature Terracotta
Stupa
► Northeast
Thailand
(Korat Plateau and
Pasak Valley)
- Votive Tablet
- Sema Stone
Conclusion
►
►
►
►
Buddhist material from Upper Chao Phraya basin illustrate
the relationship within this area, Tha Chin Basin, Korat
Plateau and Pasak valley
Mainly of the Buddhist Material are obviously derive from
Central Thailand but some parts still show the affiliation
with the Northeast too
In case of using Sema Stone at Dong Mae Nang Muang, it
revealed the influence of local Dvaravati culture from Korat
Plateau and Pasak Valley in this site, which is different from
the other in the same area
Anyway, All need to do further studies in the future.
Ackowledgement
Thank you for:
► Southeast Asian Ceramics Museum Bangkok University
► Archaeology Faculty, Silpakorn university
► National Museum Bangkok, National Museum U-Thong,
National Museum Rajaburi, National Museum Nakorn
Prathom, National Museum Chainatmuni
► Ta Sung Sub-District Office Nakorn Sawan, Museum of Wat
Dong Mae Nang Muang
► At last, for all my family, friends and colleagues with
warming support; Chok, Amp, Joice,Tuk, Stephen, Matt,
Attha, Ploy, Erb, Veen