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Unit 7 Guide and Review Sheet: Learning 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is the difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning? Is it better to use reinforcement or punishment? Why? Why is punishment so difficult to use effectively? Explain the 4 schedules of reinforcement. Which is most productive? Least? Why? Why could the Breland’s chicken dance, but their raccoon couldn’t be trained? Should children be able to watch violent television? Conditioning Conditioned stimulus (CS) Neutral Stimulus (NS) Flooding Punisher Primary reinforcer Law of Effect Thorndike Avoidance training Biofeedback Skinner box Stimulus discrimination Primary reinforcer Preparedness Variable-ratio schedule Fixed-interval schedule Latent learning Kohler’s chimps Learning sets Vicarious reinforcement- and vicarious punishment Learning Unconditioned response (UR) Classical conditioning Taste aversion Reinforcer Negative reinforcer Skinner Watson Learned helplessness Shaping Spontaneous recovery Stimulus generalization Secondary punisher Contrapreparedness Fixed-ratio schedule Cognitive learning Generative learning Observational learning Trial and error learning Conditioned response (CR) Unconditioned stimulus (US) Desensitization therapy Garcia Effect Operant conditioning Omission training Pavlov Seligman Superstition Extinction Secondary reinforcer Primary punisher Higher-order conditioning Variable-interval schedule Cognitive mapping Insight Bandura Fear hierarchy Breland’s chicken/raccoon