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Pre-Modern World History Mr. Normant Middle Ages Key Terms Charlemagne Charles Martel Pope Leo III Carolingian Dynasty Otto the Great Holy Roman Empire Franks Papacy secular clergy monastery Benedict Scholastica Pepin the Short simony heresy Gothic lay investiture Gregory I Henry IV Concordat of Worms Great Schism iconoclast Feudalism Lord vassal fief knight serf manor chivalry troubador Frederick I Crusades Pope Urban II Saladin Richard the Lion-Hearted Philip II Edessa Jerusalem Children’s Crusade Reconquista Inquisition three-field system guilds apprentice journeyman master Commercial Revolution vernacular universities Thomas Aquinas Vikings Magyars Muslim Turks Avignon Great Schism bubonic plague Hundred Years War Joan of Arc Magna Carta Key Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. What happens after the fall of an Empire? How do people get power? What was the significance of the Carolingian Dynasty to Europe? Describe the structure and relationships of the Feudal System. What was the Code of Chivalry? What were some of its laws? How and why did the Church gain and maintain so much power? What was contentious about the relationship between Popes and Emperors? What were the goals of each of the first four Crusades? What was the result of each? What were the short- and long-term impacts of the Black Death? What was the significance of the Hundred Years’ War? Pre-Modern World History 11. What is the long-term impact of the Magna Carta? Mr. Normant