Download The Central Nervous System

Human Biology- Chapter 50
Name:
The Central Nervous
System Notes
Late Box
Assigned: 3/9 (R), 3/10 (W)
Due: 3/17
____ Absent on due date
Block:
____ Just late (60%)
Read your textbook, Chapter 50 beginning on page 1003, to learn about the nervous system, then
complete the following questions, diagrams, and activities.
1. What is the function of the nervous system?
2. What do we call the cells of the nervous system?
3. What are the two major divisions of the nervous system? Include the structures that are found in
each.
4. What is the difference between an afferent and efferent neuron?
The Central Nervous System
5. What role does the brain play in maintaining homeostasis?
6. What is the largest portion of the human brain?
7. How is this portion divided?
8. How are the cerebral hemispheres connected?
9. What is the folded outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres called?
10. Regarding the brain region identified in #9, what is the purpose of the folds?
11. What functions does the cerebral cortex control?
12. Label the lobes of each hemisphere, then list the processing that occurs in each of the cerebral
lobes below:
Occipital lobe:
Parietal lobe:
Frontal lobe:
Temporal lobe:
13. How does the division of functions between cerebral hemispheres differ in right and left handed
individuals?
14. Your brain and spinal cord are composed of both white matter and gray matter.
a) What is white matter composed of, and what are their functions within the cortex and the rest
of the brain?
b) What is gray matter composed of? (p. 1009)
15. What is the function of the brain stem?
On the diagram below, label the cerebrum, cerebellum, corpus callosum, and pituitary gland
(research).
16. The brain stem is divided into the diencephlon (upper brain stem) and lower brain stem.
What are the regions of the diencephlon and what does each control?
a)
b)
Label these on the diagram above.
17. What is the Limbic System, and what is its function?
18. What are the regions of the lower brain stem, and what does each control?
a)
b)
c)
Label these on the diagram above.
19. Where is the relay center for visual and auditory information?
20. What is the relay center between the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum?
21. What controls your heart rate and respiration rate, and how does this help maintain homeostasis?
22. What acts as a filter station for incoming signals?
23. Where is the cerebellum located?
24. What does the cerebellum do, and what functions does it control?
25. What is the result when the cerebellum, the brain stem, and sections of the cerebral cortex work
together to send nerve signals through the spinal cord, what is the effect of those nerve impulses?
26. List the three protective layers (collectively known as meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal
cord and describe each. Label them in the appropriate spot on the diagram below.
a)
b)
c)
27. What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?
28. Where does the spinal cord begin and end and what is it composed of?
29. How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
30. Where do they originate?
30. What is a nerve?
Examine Figure 50-5 in your textbook.
31. What type of neurons do the dorsal roots of the spinal cord contain?
These are also known as ___________________ __________________.
32. What type of neurons do the ventral roots of the spinal cord contain?
These are also known as ___________________ __________________.
33. Within the spinal cord, what type of neurons pass information between the sensory receptors and
motor neurons?