Download 16:790: 586 - Political Science, Rutgers University

Fall 2015
PSYCHOLOGY OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR 790-586
Mondays, 3:00 - 5:40, Hickman 313
Professor: Richard R. Lau
Phone:
(848) 932-6685
Email:
[email protected]
Office Hours: Tues, 2 - 4, 505 Hickman Hall; and by appointment.
To the extent that political scientists study individual political beliefs and behavior, they
rely heavily on theories from psychology. Studies of international relations, political culture,
public opinion and voting behavior, race, ethnicity and gender, etc., all rely to a greater or lesser
extent on some psychological theory of individual behavior.
This course looks explicitly at the interface between psychology and politics, especially
public opinion and voting behavior (as American politics is the area of politic science I know
best). We will occasionally all read applications of political psychology to other subfields,
however, and I encourage each of you to explore some of the political psychology literature from
other subfields.
I have chosen seven broad topic areas in which interesting research is being conducted in
political psychology. For each of these seven areas, we will initially spend some class time -- in
several cases an entire class period -- obtaining a general overview of psychological theory, and
then spend a class or two looking at the research applying those psychological theories to
political science. Again, the political science research will generally be in the area of American
politics, but the psychology theories we learn should be applicable to research in other areas of
political science as well, including certainly all of the subfields in our department.
Requirements
The course assumes at least a passing acquaintance with research in American politics (as
one would learn from the American politics proseminar), comparative politics, international
relations, and/or women and politics, as these are the substantive areas of political science which
have most strongly utilized ideas and theories from psychology. Hence one or two of these
proseminars, while not quite a prerequisite, are strongly recommended. Alternately, solid
background in another social science (particularly but not exclusively psychology) can substitute
for background in political science.
Any seminar only works if all students read and think about the material before coming to
class. This is the most important requirement of the class. We will take turns playing
"discussion leader" for the different weeks. (See below). Whoever is in this role is responsible for
making sure we all integrate the readings for that week to each other, to relevant political science
research not on the syllabus, and to the psychological theories we have previously examined. As
the supposed "expert" in psychology, I will generally play this role for the weeks we are looking
at basic psychological theories (although if we have anybody from psychology in the class, they
may play that role one week). Generally, students will take turns playing discussion leader for
the political science applications.
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There are two writing assignments for this course.
1.
First, each student will produce an annotated bibliography of optional articles or books
from the reading from one week in the course. I assume it will be from one of the
"political science" weeks, but (particularly for students from psychology) it does not have
to be. Students will be the "designated discussion leader" the same week they produce
their annotated bibliography. This bibliography should be copied and distributed to
everyone in the class. The idea is to extend our collective exposure to the literature a
little more. If you are looking at a number of articles, each annotation should be brief
(about one paragraph, certainly no more than 200 words) and focus on either how this
article expands upon or differs from the required reading for this week. We don’t need a
thorough description of the research itself. On the other hand, if you are presenting a
particular book to the rest of us, a more extension discussion of the methods and findings
would be appropriate. Please talk to me before you do this extra reading, as I will
probably have suggestions about what additional books or articles to look at.
2.
Second, each student will write a research paper on some topic relevant to political
psychology. This paper will review and critique the research in a particular area, with
special attention paid to how faithfully the political science literature "maps onto" the
psychological theory underlying it, and how directly it addresses issues of concern to
political science. The paper will therefore discuss shortcomings of the current literature,
and present either (a) a specific proposal for research on some aspect of political
psychology; or (b) better yet, actually conduct empirical research as part of their paper.
All students will give a brief presentation of their paper on the last day of class.
Grading:
Class Participation,
Annotated Bibliography of PS literature & Discussion thereof
Research Paper and Class Presentation
50%;
10%
40%
Required Reading
The following books are on sale at the University and Cook-Douglass bookstores:
Hall, Calvin S. 1954/1999. A Primer of Freudian Psychology. New York: Penguin. A
Meridian Book.
Hastie, Reid, and Robyn M. Dawes. 2009. Rational Choice in an Uncertain World, Second
Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Huddy, Leonie, David O. Sears, and Jack S. Levy (Eds.). 2013. Oxford Handbook of Political
Psychology, Second Edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lau, Richard R., and David P. Redlawsk. 2006. How Voters Decide: Information Processing
During Election Campaigns. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mondak, Jeffrey J. 2010. Personality and the Foundations of Political Behavior. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
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COURSE OUTLINE AND READING ASSIGNMENTS
Date
Tues, Sept. 8
Topic
CLASS INTRODUCTION
I. PERSONALITY AND POLITICS:
Freud and Contemporary Personality Theory
Reading:
Huddy, Leonie, David O. Sears, and Jack S. Levy. 2013. “Introduction: Theoretical
Foundations of Political psychology.” Oxford Handbook of
Political Psychology, Ch. 1.
Hall, Calvin S. 1954/1999. A Primer of Freudian Psychology. New York:
Penguin. A Meridian Book. (Skim)
Mondak, Jeffrey J. 2010. Personality and the Foundations of Political Behavior.
New York: Cambridge University Press, Chapters 1 & 2.
Optional:
Baumeister, Roy F., Ellen Bratslavsky, Mark Muraven, and Dianne M. Tice. 1998. “Ego
Depletion: Is the Active Self a Limited Resource?” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 74(May): 1252-1265.
Bem, D.J., and Allen, A. 1974. On Predicting Some of the People Some of the Time: the Search
for Cross-situational Consistencies in Behavior. Psychological Review, 81, 506-520.
Bem, D.J., and Funder, D.C. 1978. Predicting More of the People More of the Time: Assessing
the Personality of Situations. Psychological Review, 85, 485-501.
Buss, A.H. 1989. Personality as Traits. American Psychologist, 44, 1378-1388.
Costa, P.T., Jr., and R. R. McCrae. 1988. “Personality in Adulthood: A Six-Year Longitudinal
Study of Self-Reports and Spouse Ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 54(): 853 - 863.
Davis, P.J. 1987. Repression and the inaccessibility of affective memories. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 585-594.
Digman, John M. 1997. “Higher-Order Factors of the Big Five.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 73(December): 1246-1256.
Epstein, S. 1979. The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the
time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1097-1126.
Epstein, S. 1980. The stability of behavior: II. American Psychologist, 35, 790-806.
Fiske, S.T., and Taylor, S.E. 1991. Social Cognition (2nd. edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
(see especially chapter 6)
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*Fleeson, William. 2004. “Moving Personality Beyond the Person-Situation Debate.” Current
Directions in Psychological Science, 13(April): 83 - 87.
Funder, David C., and Lisa A. Fast. 2010. “Personality in Social Psychology.” In Susan T. Fiske,
Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition,
Volume 1, Chapter 18, pp 668 - 697). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Grice, James W.; Jackson, Bobby J.; McDaniel, Brenda L. 2006. “Bridging the IdeographicNomothetic Divide: A Follow-Up Study.” Journal of Personality, 74(August):
1191-1218.
John, O.P., Hampson, S.E. and Goldberg, L.R. 1991. The basic level in personality-trait
hierarchies: Studies of trait use and accessibility in different context. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 348-361.
Kenrick, D.T., and Funder, D.C. 1988. Profiting from controversy: Lessons from the
person-situation debate. American Psychologist, 43, 23-35.
Kenrick, D.T., and Stringfield, D.O. 1980. Personality traits and the eye of the beholder:
Crossing some traditional philosophical boundaries in the search for consistency in all of
the people. Psychological Review, 87, 88-104.
Kline, P. 1987. The experimental study of the psychoanalytic unconscious. Personality and
Social Psychology Bulletin, 13, 363-379.
Kozhevnikov, M. 2007. “Cognitive Styles in the Context of Modern Psychology: Toward an
Integrated Framework of Cognitive Style.” Psychological Bulletin, 133(3): 464 - 481.
Maddi, S.R. 1997. Personality Theories: A Comparative Analysis. Homewood, Il: Dorsey.
[An excellent review of a variety of personality theories.]
McAdams, Dan P., and Jennifer L. Pals. 2006. “A New Big Five: Fundamental Principles for
an Integrative Science of Personality.” American Psychologist, 61(April): 204 - 217.
McClure, M. Joy; Jennifer A. Bartz, and John E. Lydon. 2013. “ Uncovering and Overcoming
Ambivalence: The Role of Chronic and Contextually Activated Attachment in
Two-Person Social Dilemmas.” Journal of Personality, 81(February): 103 - 117.
McCrae, R.B., and Costa, P.T., Jr. 1997. “Personality Trait Structure as a Human Universal.”
American Psychologist, 52, 509-516.
Mischel, W. 1968. Personality and Assessment. New York: Wiley. [This is the classic, almost
paradigm-shifting book that dramatically changed the modern study of personality.]
Mischel, W. 1979. On the interface of cognition and personality: Beyond the person-situation
debate. American Psychologist, 34, 740-754.
Mischel, W. 1984. Convergences and challenges in the search for consistency. American
Psychologist, 39, 351-364.
Mischel, W., and Plaki, P.K. 1982. Beyond deja vu in the search for cross-situational
consistency. Psychological Review, 89, 730-755.
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Mischel, Walter, and Yuichi Shoda. 1995. “A Cognitive-Affective System Theory of
Personality: Reconceptualizing Situations, Dispositions, Dynamics, and Invariance in
Personality Structure.” Psychological Review, 102(2): 246 - 268.
Monson, T.C., Hesley, J.W., and Chernick, L. 1982. Specifying when personality traits can and
cannot predict behavior: An alternative to abandoning the attempt to predict single-act
criteria. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 385-399.
Newman, Leonard S., Kimberley J. Duff, and Roy F. Baumeister. 1997. “A New Look at
Defensive Projection: Thought Suppression, Accessibility, and Biased Person
Perception.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(May): 980-1001.
Parisi, T. 1987. Why Freud failed: Some implications for neurophysiology and sociobiology.
American Psychologist, 42, 235-245.
Paunonen, Sampo V., and Michael C. Ashton. 2001. “Big Five Factors and Facets and the
Prediction of Behavior.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(September):
524 - 539.
Pervin, L., Editor. 1990. Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research. New York: Guildord.
Roberts, Brent W., Avshalom Caspi, and Terrie E. Moffitt. 2001. “The Kids Are Alright: Growth
and Stability in Personality Development from Adolescence to Adulthood.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 81(October): 670 - 683.
Ross, Lee, and Richard E. Nisbett. 1991. The Person and the Situation: Perspectives from
Social Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill (see particularly chapters 4 and 5).
Snyder, Mark, and Nancy Cantor. 1998. “Understanding Personality and Social Behavior: A
Functionalist Strategy.” In Daniel Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The
Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume One, 4th Edition, pp. 635-679). Boston:
McGraw Hill.
Vansteelandt, Kristof, and Iven Van Mechelen. 1998. “Individual Differences in SituationBehavior Profiles: A Triple Typology Model.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 75(September): 751-765.
Wiggins, J. S. (Ed.). 1996. The Five-factor Model of Personality. New York: Guildord.
Williams, John E., Marci L. Munick, Jose L., Saiz, and Deborah L. Formy Duval. 1995.
"Psychological Importance of the 'Big Five': Impression Formation and Context Effects."
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(August): 818-827.
Zuckerman, M., Koestner, R., DeBoy, T., Garcia, T., Maresca, B.C., and Sartoris, J.M. 1988. To
predict some of the people some of the time: A reexamination of the moderator variable
approach in personality theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54,
1006-1020.
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Date
Sept. 14
Reading:
Topic
Personality and the Politics of Ordinary Citizens
Sullivan, John L., George E. Marcus, Stanley Feldman, and J.E. Piereson. 1981.
“The Sources of Political Tolerance: A Multivariate Analysis.” American
Political Science Review, 75(March): 92-106.
Feldman, Stanley. 2003. “Enforcing Social Conformity: A Theory of
Authoritarianism.” Political Psychology, 24(March): 41-74.
Mondak, Jeffrey J. 2010. Personality and the Foundations of Political Behavior.
New York: Cambridge University Press, chapters 3 - 7.
Optional:
Adorno, T, Frenkel-Brunswick, E., Levinson, D., and Sanford, N. 1950. The Authoritarian
Personality. New York: Harper.
Barker, David C., Jon Hurwitz, and Traci L. Nelson. 2008. “Of Crusades and Culture Wars:
‘Messianic’ Militarism and Political Conflict in the United States.” Journal of Politics,
70(April): 307 - 322.
Baumeister, Roy F. 1999. “The Intrinsic Appeal of Evil: Sadism, Sensational Thrills, and
Threatened Egotism. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3): 210-221.
Bizer, George Y., Jon A. Krosnick, Allyson L. Holbrook, S. Christian Wheeler, Derek D.
Rucker, and Richard E. Petty. 2004. “The Impact of Personality on Cognitive,
Behavioral, and Affective Political Processes: The Effects of Need to Evaluate.” Journal
of Personality, 72(October): 995-1028.
Bloeser, Andrew J., Damarys Canache, Dona-Gene Mitchell, Jeffery J. Mondak, and Emily R.
Poore. 2013. “The Temporal Consistency of Personality Effects: Evidence from the
British Household Panel Survey.” Political Psychology, 36 (June): 331 - 340..
Brandstatter, Hermann, and Karl-Dieter Opp. 2014. “Personality Traits (“Big Five”) and the
Propensity to Political Protest: Alternative Models.” Political Psychology 35(August):
515 - 538.
Brant, W.D., Larsen, K.S., and Langenberg, D. 1978. Authoritarian traits as predictors of
candidate preference in the 1976 United States presidential election. Psychological
Reports, 43, 313-314.
Brewer, Paul R., Kimberly Gross, Sean Aday, and Lars Willnat. 2004. “International Trust and
Public Opinion About World Affairs.” American Journal of Political Science,
48(January): 93-109.
Brewer, Paul R., and Marco Steenbergen. 2002. “All Against All: How Beliefs about Human
Nature Shape Foreign Policy Opinions.” Political Psychology, 23(March): 39 - 58.
Campbell, B.A. 1981. On the Utility of Trait Theory in Political Science. Micropolitics, 1, 177190.
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Caprara, Gian V., Claudio Barbaranelli, and Phillip G. Zimbardo. 1999. “Personality Profiles and
Political Parties.” Political Psychology, 20(March).
Caprara, Gian V., Shalom Schwartz, Cristini Capanna, Michele Vecchione, and Claudio
Barbaranelli. 2006. “Personality and Politics: Values, Traits, and Political Choice.”
Political Psychology, 27(February): 1 - 28.
Caprara, Gian, Barbaranelli, Claudio, Consiglio, C; Picconi, L; Zimbardo, Phillip G. 2002.
“Personalities of Politicians and Voters: Unique and Synergistic Relationships.” Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4): 849-856.
Carney, Dana R., John T. Jost, Samuel D. Gosling, and Jeff Potter. 2008. “The Secret Lives of
Liberals and Conservatives: Personality Profiles, Interaction Styles, and the Things They
Leave Behind.” Political Psychology, 29 (December): 807 - 840.
Chirumbolo, Antonio, Alessandra Areni, and Gilda Sensales. 2004. “Need for cognitive closure
and politics: Voting, political attitudes and attributional style.” International Journal of
Psychology, 39(August): 245-253.
Clarke, J.W., and Donovan, M.M. 1980. Personal needs and political incentives: Some
observations on self-esteem. American Journal of Political Science, 24, 536-552.
Cornelis, Ilse; Van Hiel, Alain; Roets, Arne; Kossowska, Malgorzata. 2009. “Age Differences
in Conservatism: Evidence on the Mediating Effects of Personality and Cognitive Style.”
Journal of Personality, 77(February): 51-88.
Doty, R.M., Peterson, B.E., and Winter, D.G. 1991. Threat and authoritarianism in the United
States, 1978 - 1987. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 629-640.
Duckitt, John. 1989. “Authoritarianism and Group Identification: A New View of an Old
Construct.” Political Psychology, 10(1): 63-84.
Duckitt, John, Boris Bizumic, Stephen W. Krauss, and Edna Heled. 2010. “A Tripartite
Approach to Right-Wing Authoritarianism: The Authoritarianism-ConservatismTraditionalism Model.” Political Psychology, 31(October): 685 - 716.
Duncan, Lauren E., and Abigail J. Stewart. 2007. “Personal Political Salience: The Role of
Personality in Collective Identity and Action.” Political Psychology, 28(April): 143 164.
Elkins , David J., and Richard E. B. Simeon. 1979. “A Cause in Search of Its Effect, or What
Does Political Culture Explain?” Comparative Politics, 11(January): 127 - 145.
Federico, Christopher M., Emily L. Fisher, and Grace Deason. 2011. “Expertise and the
Ideological Consequences of the Authoritarian Predisposition.” Public Opinion
Quarterly, 75(Winter): 686 - 708.
Federico, Christopher M., and Michael R. Tagar. 2014. “Zeroing in on the Right: Education and
the Partisan Expression of Authoritarianism in the United States.” Political Behavior,
36(September): 581 - 603.
Funke, Friedrich. 2005. The Dimensionality of Right-Wing Authoritarianism: Lessons for the
Dilemma between Theory and Measurement.” Political Psychology, 26(April): 195 - 218.
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Gallego, Alina, and Daniel Oberski. 2012. “Personality and Political Participation: The
Mediation Hypothesis.” Political Behavior, 34 (September): 425 - 451.
Gerber, Alan S., Gregory A. Huber, David Doherty, Conor M. Dowling, and Shang E. Ha.
2010. “Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and
Political Contexts.” American Political Science Review, 104(February): 111 - 133.
Gerber, Alan S., Gregory A. Huber, David Doherty, Conor M. Dowling, Connor Raso, and Shang
E. Ha. 2011. “Personality Traits and Participation in Political Processes.” Journal of
Politics, 73(July): 692 - 706.
Gerber, Alan S., Gregory A. Huber, David Doherty, Conor M. Dowling, and Costas
Panagopoulos. 2013. “Big Five Personality Traits and Responses to Persuasive Appeals:
Results from Voter Turnout Experiments.” Political Behavior, 35(December): 687 728.
Gerber, Alan S., Gregory A. Huber, David Doherty, and Conor M. Dowling. 2012.
“Disagreement and the Avoidance of Political Discussion: Aggregate Relationships and
Differences across Personality Traits.” American Journal of Political Science,
56(October): 849 - 874.
Gerson, Gal. 2004. “Object Relations Psychoanalysis as Political Theory.” Political Psychology,
25(October): 769-794.
Green, Donald P., Jack Glaser, and Andrew Rich. 1998. “From Lynching to Gay Bashing: The
Elusive Connection Between Economic Conditions and Hate Crime.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 75(July): 82-92.
Greenstein, Fred I. 1975. Personality and Politics: Problems of Evidence, Inference, and
Conceptualization. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. (particularly chs 1, 2, & 4).
Greenstein, Fred I. 1975. “Personality and Politics.” In F.I. Greenstein and N.W. Polsby (Eds.),
Handbook of political science (Vol. 2, pp. 1-92). Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley.
Greenstein, Fred I., and Lerner, M., editors. 1971. A Source Book the Study of Personality and
Politics. Chicago: Markham.
Ha, Shang E. Seohko Kim, and Se Hee Jo. 2013. “Personality Traits and Political Participation:
Evidence from South Korea” Political Psychology, 34(August): 511 - 532.
Hansen, D.J. 1989. Authoritarianism and candidate preference in the 1988 presidential election.
Psychological Reports, 64, 914.
Henry, P.J. 2011. “The Role of Stigma in Understanding Ethnicity Differences in
Authoritarianism.” Political Psychology, 32(June): 419 - 438.
Hetherington, Marc J., and Elizabeth Suhay. 2011. “Authoritarianism, Threat, and Americans’
Support for the War on Terror.” American Journal of Political Science, 55(July): 546 560.
Hetherington, Marc, and Jonathan D. Weiler. 2008. Authoritarianism and Polarization in
American Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
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Hibbing, Matthew V., Melinda Ritchie, and Mary R. Anderson. 2011. “Personality and
Political Discussion.” Political Behavior, 33(December): 601 - 624.
Ingles, Alex. 1997. National Character: A Psycho-Social Perspective. New Brunswick, NJ:
Transaction Publishers.
Johnston, Christopher D. 2013. “Dispositional Sources of Economic Protectionism.” Public
Opinion Quarterly, 77(Summer): 574 - 585.
Johnston, Christopher D., and Julie Wronski. 2015. “Personality Dispositions and Political
Preferences Across Hard and Easy Issues.” Political Psychology, 36 (February): 35-53.
Jost, John T., Jack Glaser, Arie W. Kruglanski, and Frank J. Sulloway. 2003. “Political
Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition.” Psychological Bulletin, 129(3): 339 - 375.
Jugert, Philip, and John Duckitt. 2009. “A Motivational Model of Authoritarianism: Integrating
Personal and Situational Determinants.” Political Psychology, 30(October): 693 - 720.
Kalmoe, Nathan P. 2013. “From Fistfights to Firefights: Trait Aggression and Support for State
Violence.” Political Behavior, 35(June): 311 - 330.
Knudson, J.N. 1973. Personality in the study of politics. In J.N. Knudson (Ed.) Handbook of
political psychology (pp. 28-56). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Kruglanski, Arie W., Xiaoyan Chen, Mark Dechesne, Shira Fishman, and Edward Orehek. 2009.
“Fully Committed: Suicide Bombers’ Motivation and the Quest for Personal
Significance.” Political Psychology, 30(February): 331 - 358.
Lasswell, Harold D. (1930/1977). Psychopathology and Politics. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Lavine, Howard, Milton Lodge, James Polichak, and Charles Taber. 2002. “Explicating the
Black Box Through Experimentation: Studies of Authoritarianism and Threat.” Political
Analysis, 10(Autumn): 343 - 361.
Lavine, Howard, Milton Lodge, and Kate Freitas. 2005. “Threat, Authoritarianism, and
Selective Exposure to Information.” Political Psychology, 26(April): 219 - 244.
Leitner, L.M. 1983. Construct similarity, self-meaningfulness, and presidential preference.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 890-894.
LeVine, R.A. 2001. “Culture and Personality Studies, 1918-1960: Myth and History.” Journal of
Personality, 69(6): 803-818.
Lichter, S.R., and Rothman, S. 1982. The radical personality: Social psychological correlates of
new left ideology. Political Behavior, 4, 207-236.
Martin, John Levi. 2001. “The Authoritarian Personality, 50 Years Later: What Lessons Are
There for Political Psychology?” Political Psychology, 22(March): 1 - 26.
McCann, S.J.H. 1990. Authoritarianism and preference for the presidential candidate perceived
to be higher on the power motive. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 70, 577-578.
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McClosky, Herbert. 1958. “Conservatism and Personality.” American Political Science Review,
52, 27-45.
McClosky, Herbert, and Dennis Chong. 1985. “Similarities and Differences between Left-Wing
and Right-Wing Radicals.” British Journal of Political Science, 15(3): 329 - 363.
McFarland, Sam. 2010. “Authoritarianism, Social Dominance, and Other Roots of Generalized
Prejudice.” Political Psychology, 31(June): 453 - 478.
McFarland, Sam G., Ageyev, V.S., and Abalakinna-Paap, M.A. 1992. Authoritarianism in the
former Soviet Union. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 1004-1010.
Midlarsky, Elizabeth; Stephanie Fagin Jones, and Robin P. Corley. 2005. “Personality
Correlates of Heroic Rescue During the Holocaust.” Journal of Personality, 73(August):
907 - 934.
Mirels, Herbert L., and Janey B. Dean. 2006. “Right-Wing Authoritarianism, Attitude Salience,
and Beliefs about Matters of Fact. Political Psychology, 27(December): 839 - 866.
Mockabee, Stephen T. 2007. “A Question of Authority: Religion and Cultural Conflict in the
2004 Election.” Political Behavior, 29(June): 221 - 248.
Mondak, Jeffery, and Karen D. Halperin. 2008. “A Framework for the Study of Personality and
Political Behavior.” British Journal of Political Science, 38(): 335 - 362.
Mondak, Jeffery J., Matthew V. Hibbing, Damarys Canache, Mitchell A. Seligson, and Mary R.
Anderson. 2010. “Personality and Civic Engagement: An Integrative Framework for the
Study of Trait Effects on Political Behavior.” American Political Science Review,
104(February): 85 - 110.
Oesterreich, Detlef. 2005. “Flight into Security: A New Approach and Measure of the
Authoritarian Personality.” Political Psychology, 26(April): 275 - 298.
Perez, Efren O, and Marc J. Hetherington. 2014. “Authoritarianism in Black and White:
Testing the Cross-Racial Validity of the Child Rearing Scale.” Political Analysis,
22(Summer): 398 - 412.
Osborne, Danny, and Chris G. Sibley. 2015. “Within the Limits of Civic Training: Education
Moderates the Relationship Between Openness and Political Attitudes.” Political
Psychology, 36 (June): 295 – 313.
Perrin, Andrew J. 2005. “National Threat and Political Culture: Authoritarianism,
Antiauthoritarianism, and the September 11 Attacks.” Political Psychology, 26(April):
167 - 194.
Peterson, Bill E., and Emily D. Gerstein. 2005. “Fighting and Flying: Archival Analysis of
Threat, Authoritarianism, and the North American Comic Book.” Political Psychology,
26(December): 887 - 904.
Peterson, Bill E., Kimberly A. Smirles, and Phyllis A. Wentworth. 1997. “Generativity and
Authoritarianism: Implications for Personality, Political Involvement, and Parenting.”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(May): 1202-1216.
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Rickert, Edward J. 1998. “Authoritarianism and Economic Threat: Implications for Political
Behavior.” Political Psychology, 19(December): 707-720.
Ridgeway, C. L. 2006. “Linking Social Structure and Interpersonal Behavior: A Theoretical
Perspective on Cultural Schemas and Social Relations.” Social Psychology Quarterly,
69(March): 5-16.
Sanford, N. 1973. Authoritarian personality in contemporary perspective. In J.N. Knudson (Ed.)
Handbook of political psychology (pp. 139-170). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schallerm, Mark, Carrie Boyd, Jonathan Yohannes, and Meredith O'Brien. 1995. "The
Prejudiced Personality Revisited: Personal Need for Structure and Formation of
Erroneous Group Stereotypes." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
68(March): 544-555.
Schoen, Harald, and Siegfried Schumann. 2007. “Personality Traits, Partisan Attitudes, and
Voting Behavior: Evidence from Germany.” Political Psychology, 28(August): 471 - 498.
Schoen, Harald, and Markus Steinbrecher. 2013. “Beyond Total Effects: Exploring the Interplay
of Personality and Attitudes in Affecting Turnout in the 2009 German Federal Election.”
Political Psychology, 34(August): 533 - 557.
Sibley, Chris G., Andrew Robertson, and Marc S. Wilson. 2006. “Social Dominance
Orientation and Right-Wing Authoritarianism: Additive and Interactive Effects.”
Political Psychology, 27(October): 755 - 768.
Smith, Allison G., and David G. Winter. 2002. “Right-Wing Authoritarianism, Party
Identification, and Attitudes Toward Feminism in Student Evaluations of the ClintonLewinsky Story.” Political Psychology, 23(June): 355 - 384.
Smith, M. Brewster. 1997. "The Authoritarian Personality: A Re-Review 46 Years Later.
Political Psychology, 18(March): 159-164.
Staub, Ervin. 1999. “The Roots of Evil: Social Conditions, Culture, Personality, and Basic
Human Needs.” Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3): 179-192.
Stenner, Karen. 2005. The Authoritarian Dynamic. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Thorisdottir, Hulda, and John T. Jost. 2011. “Motivated Closed-Mindedness Mediates the Effect
of Threat on Political Conservatism.” Political Psychology, 32(October): 785 - 812.
Thorisdottir, Hulda, John T. Jost, Ido Liviatan, and Patrick E. Shrout. 2007. “Psychological
Needs and Values Underlying Left-Right Political Orientation: Cross-National Evidence
from Eastern and Western Europe.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 71(Summer): 175 - 203.
Todosijevic, Bojan, and Zsolt Enyedi. 2008. “Authoritarianism without Dominant Ideology:
Political Manifestations of Authoritarian Attitudes in Hungary.” Political Psychology, 29
(October): 767 - 788.
Van Hiel, Alain, and Ivan Mervielde. 2003. “The Measurement of Cognitive Complexity and Its
Relationship with Political Extremism.” Political Psychology, 24(December): 781-802.
-11-
Van Hiel, Alain, Bart Duriez, and Malgorzata Kossowska. 2006. “The Presence of Left-Wing
Authoritarianism in Western Europe and Its Relationship with Conservative Ideology.”
Political Psychology, 27(October): 769 - 793.
Weber, Christopher, and Christopher M. Federico. 2007. “Interpersonal Attachment and
Patterns of Ideological Belief.” Political Psychology, 28(August): 389 - 416.
-12-
Date
Sept. 21
Reading:
Topic
Psychobiography and the Study of Political Elites
Winter, David G. 2013. “Personality Profiles of Political Elites.” Oxford
Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 14.
Post, Jerrold M. 2013. “Psychobiography: The Child is the Father of the Man.”
Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 15.
Etheredge, Lloyd S. 1978. “Personality Effects on American Foreign Policy,
1898-1968: A Test of Interpersonal Generalization Theory.” American
Political Science Review, 72(June): 434-451
Simonton, Dean K. 1988. “Presidential Style: Personality, Biography, and
Performance.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 928-936.
Keller, Jonathan W., and Dennis M. Foster. 2012. “Presidential Leadership Style
and the Political Use of Force.” Political Psychology, 33(October): 581 598.
Optional:
Ascher, William, and Barbara Hirschfelder-Ascher. 2003. Revitalizing Political Psychology:
The Legacy of Harold D. Lasswell. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Balz, John. 2010. “Ready to Lead on Day One: Predicting Presidential Greatness from Political
Experience.” PS: Political Science & Politics, 43(July): 487 - 492.
Barber, James D. 1992. The Presidential Character (4th edition). Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice-Hall. jjj
Brodie, F.M. 1974. Thomas Jefferson: An intimate history. New York: Norton.
Caprara, Gianvittorio, Donata Francescato, Minou Mebane, Roberta Sorace, and Michele
Vecchione. 2010. “Personality Foundations of Ideological Divide: A Comparison of
Women Members of Parliament and Women Voters in Italy. Political Psychology,
31(October): 739 - 762.
Carpenter, R.H., and Jordan, W.J. 1978. Style in discourse as a predictor of political personality
for Mr. Carter and Other Twentieth Century Presidents: Testing the Barber paradigm.
Presidential Studies Quarterly, 8, 67-78. jjj
Constantins, E., and Crack, K.H. 1980. Personality and politicians: California party leaders,
1960-1976. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 641-661.
Cowden, Jonathan A. 1999. “Self-Effacing and Self-Defeating Leadership: Adlai E. Stevenson.”
Political Psychology, 20(December): 845-874.
Dietrich, Bryce J., Scott Lasley, Jeffery J. Mondak, Megan L. Remmel, and Joel Turner. 2012.
“Personality and Legislative Politics: The Big Five Trait Dimensions Among U.S. State
Legislators.” Political Psychology, 33(April): 195 - 210.
-13-
Dyson, Stephen Benedict. 2007. “Alliances, Domestic Politics, and Leader Psychology: Why
Did Britain Stay Out of Vietnam and Go into Iraq?” Political Psychology,
28(December): 647 - 666.
Elms, A.C. 1976. Personality in Politics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Elms, A.C. 1986. From House to Haig: Private life and public style in American foreign policy
advisors. Journal of Social Issues, 42, 33-54.
Feldman, Ofer. 1996. "The Political Personality of Japan: An Inquiry into the Belief Systems of
Diet Members." Political Psychology, 17(December): 657-682.
Ferguson, Margaret R., and Jay Barth. 2002. “”Governors in the Legislative Arena: The
Importance of Personality in Shaping Success.” Political Psychology, 23(December):
759 - 786.
George, A.L. 1974. Assessing presidential character. World Politics, 26, 234-282. [Far-ranging
review of the 1st edition of Barber's book.]
George, A.L., and George, J.L. (1956/1964). Woodrow Wilson and Colonel House. New York:
Dover.
Gilbert, Robert E. 2006. “Psychological Illness in Presidents: A Medical Advisory Commission
and Disability Determinations.” Political Psychology, 27(February): 55 - 76.
Gilbert, Robert E. 2008. “Ronald Reagan’s Presidency: The Impact of an Alcoholic Parent.”
Political Psychology, 29 (October): 737 - 766.
Glad, B. 1973. Contributions of psychobiography. In J. Knudson (Ed.), Handbook of political
psychology (pp. 296-321). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Glad, Betty. 2002. “Why Tyrants Go too Far: Malignant Narcissism and Absolute Power.”
Political Psychology, 23(March): 1 - 38.
Greenstein, Fred I. 1975. Personality and Politics: Problems of Evidence, Inference, and
Conceptualization. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. (particularly chs 3, 5, & 6).
Greenstein, Fred I. 1987. Personality and Politics: Problems of Evidence, Inference, and
Conceptualization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Greenstein, Fred I. 1998. “The Impact of Personality on the End of the Cold War: A
Counterfactual Analysis.” Political Psychology, 19(March): 1-16.
Greenstein, Fred I. 2011. “Barack Obama: The Man and His Presidency at the Midterm.” PS:
Political Science & Politics, 44(January): 7– 12.
Gruenfeld, Deborah H. 1995. "Status, Ideology, and Integrative Complexity on the U.S.
Supreme Court: Rethinking the Politics of Political Decision Making." Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 68(January): 5-20.
Hermann, M.G. 1980. Assessing the personalities of Soviet politburo members. Personality and
Social Psychological Bulletin, 6, 332-352.
-14-
Kearns, D. 1976. Lyndon Johnson's political personality. Political Science Quarterly, 91, 385410.
Keller, Jonathan W., and Dennis M. Foster. 2012. “Presidential Leadership Style and the
Political Use of Force.” Political Psychology, 33(October): 581 - 598.
Kowert, Paul A. 1996. "Where Does the Buck Stop? Assessing the Impact of Presidential
Personality." Political Psychology, 17(September): 421-452.
Malici, Akan, and Johanna Malici. 2005. “The Operational Codes of Fidel Castro and Kim Il
Sung: The Last Cold Warriors?” Political Psychology, 26(June): 387 - 412.
McCann, Steward J.H. 1992. Alternative Formulas to Predict the Greatness of U.S. Presidents:
Personological, Situational, and Zeitgeist. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
71, 469-479.
McCann, Steward H.J. 1997. "Threatening Times, 'Strong' Presidential Popular Vote Winners,
and the Victory Margin, 1824-1964." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
73(July): 160-170.
McCann, Steward J.H., and Stewin, L.L. 1987. Threat, authoritarianism, and the power of U.S.
presidents. Journal of Psychology, 121, 149-157.
O’Reilly, K.P. 2012 “Leaders’ Perceptions and Nuclear Proliferation: A Political Psychology
Approach to Proliferation.” Political Psychology, 33(December): 767 - 790.
Popper, Micha. 2000. “The Development of Charismatic Leaders.” Political Psychology,
21(December): 729 - 745.
Post, Jerrold M. 1991. “The Impact of Crisis-Induced Stress on Policy Makers.” In Alexander L.
George (ed.) Avoiding War (Chapter 20). Boulder, CO: Westview.
Post, Jerrold M. (Ed.). 2003. The Psychological Assessment of Political Leaders. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press.
Preston, Thomas, and Paul ‘t Hart. 1999. “Understanding and Evaluating Bureaucratic Politics:
The Nexus Between Political Leaders and Advisory Systems.” Political Psychology,
20(March), 49-98.
Qualls, J.H. 1977. Barber's typological analysis of political leaders. American Political Science
Review, 71, 182-211. jjj
Renshon, Stanley A. 1994. “A Preliminary Assessment of the Clinton Presidency.” Political
Psychology 15(June): 374 - 394.
Renshon, Stanley A. 2000. “After the Fall: The Clinton Presidency in Psychological
Perspective.” Political Science Quarterly, 115(Spring): 41-66.
Renshon, Stanley A. 2005. “George W. Bush’s Cowboy Politics: An Inquiry.” Political
Psychology, 26(August): 585 - 614.
Renshon, Stanley A. 2011. “Redemption, Fairness, and the Politics of Transformation in the
Obama Presidency.” Political Psychology, 32(December): 1035 - 1058.
-15-
Rohde, David W. 1979. Risk-bearing and progressive ambition: The case of the United States
House of Representatives. American Journal of Political Science, 23, 1-26.
Rosenberg, S. 1989. A study of personality in literary autobiography: An analysis of Thomas
Wolfe's Look Homeward, Angel. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56,
416-430.
Runyan, William M. 1984. Life Histories and Psychobiography: Explorations in Theory and
Method. New York: Oxford University Press.
Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. 1997. “Rating the Presidents: Washington to Clinton." Political
Science Quarterly, 11(Summer): 179 - 190.
Searing, Donald D. 1978. “Measuring Politicians' Values: Administration and Assessment of a
Ranking Technique in the British House of Commons.” American Political Science
Review, 72, 65-79.
Searing, Donald D. 1995. “The Psychology of Political Authority: A Causal Mechanism of
Political Learning Through Persuasion and Manipulation.” Political Psychology, 16,
677-696.
Sears, Robert R., and Lapidus, D 1973. “Episodic Analysis of Novels.” Journal of Psychology,
85, 267-276.
Shepard, Graham H. 1988. “Personality Effects on American Foreign Policy, 1969-84: A
Second Test of Interpersonal Generalization Theory.” International Studies Quarterly,
32(March): 91 - 123.
Sigelman, Lee. 2002. “Two Reagans? Genre Imperatives, Ghostwriters, and Presidential
Personality Profiling. Political Psychology, 23(December): 839 - 852.
Simonton, Dean K. 1986. Presidential personality: Biographical use of the Gough adjective
check list. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 149-160.
Simonton, Dean K. 1990. Personality and politics. In L.A. Pervin, Editor, Handbook of
Personality: Theory and Research (pp. 670-692). New York: Guildord.
Simonton, Dean K. 1992. Comment: Presidential greatness and personality: A response to
McCann (1992). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 676-679.
Simonton, Dean K. 2006. “Presidential IQ, Openness, Intellectual Brilliance, and Leadership:
Estimates and Correlations for 42 U.S. Chief Executives.” Political Psychology,
27(August): 527 - 548.
Steinberg, Blema. 1996. Shame and Humiliation: Presidential Decision Making on Vietnam.
Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press.
Steinberg, Blema. 2005. “Indira Gandhi: The Relationship between Personality Profile and
Leadership Style.” Political Psychology, 26(October): 755 - 790.
Steward, A.J., Healy, J.M., Jr. 1986. The role of personality development and experience in
shaping political commitment: An illustrative case. Journal of Social Issues, 42, 11-32.
-16-
Tetlock, Philip E. 1981. Personality and isolationism: Content analysis of senatorial speeches.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 737-743.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1983. Accountability and complexity of thought. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 45, 74-83.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1983. Cognitive style and political ideology. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 45, 118-126.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1984. Cognitive style and political beliefs systems in the British House of
Commons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 365-375.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1985. Integrative complexity of American and Soviet foreign policy rhetoric:
A time-series analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 1565-1585.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1985. Integrative complexity of policy reasoning. In S. Kraus and R.M.
Perloff (Eds.) Mass media and political thought. (pp. 267-289). Beverly Hills: Sage.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1986. A value pluralism model of ideological reasoning. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 819-827.
Tetlock, Phillip E., David Armor, and Randall S. Peterson. 1994. "The Slavery Debate in
Antebellum America: Cognitive Style, Value Conflict, and the Limits of Compromise."
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(January): 115-126.
Tetlock, Philip E., Bernzweig, J., and Gallant, J.L. 1985. Supreme Court decision making:
Cognitive style as a predictor of ideological consistency of voting. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 48, 1227-1239.
Tetlock, Philip E., Crosby, F., and Crosby, T.L. 1981. Political psychobiography. Micropolitics,
1, 191-213.
Tetlock, Philip E., Hannum, K.A., and Micheletti, P.M. 1984. Stability and change in the
complexity of senatorial debate: Testing the cognitive versus rhetorical style hypothesis.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 979-990.
Thoemmes, Felix J., and Lucian Gideon Conway III. 2007. “Integrative Complexity of 41 U.S.
Presidents.” Political Psychology, 28(April): 193 - 226.
Walker, Steven G. 1995. Psychodynamic processes and framing effects in foreign policy
decision-making: Woodrow Wilson's operational code. Political Psychology, 16, 697718.
Winter, David G. 1987. Enhancement of an enemy's power motivation as a dynamic of conflict
escalation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 41-47.
Winter, David G. 1987. Leader appeal, leader performance, and the motive profiles of leaders
and followers: A study of American presidents and elections. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 52, 196-203.
Winter, David G. 1993. "Power, Affiliation, and War: Three Tests of a Motivational Model."
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(September): 532-545.
-17-
Winter, David G. 2005. “Things I've Learned About Personality From Studying Political Leaders
at a Distance.” Journal of Personality, 73(June): 557-584.
Winter, David G. 2007. “The Role of Motivation, Responsibility, and Integrative Complexity in
Crisis Escalation: Comparative Studies of War and Peace Crises.” Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 92(May): 920 - 937.
Winter, David G. 2011. “Philosopher King or Polarizing Politician? A Personality Profile of
Barack Obama.” Political Psychology, 32(December): 1059 - 1081. BASE
UNDERGRADUATE LECTURE AROUND THIS ARTICLE, AFTER STUDENTS
HAVE READ THE HANDBOOK CHAPTER ...
Zullow, H.M., Oettinger, G., Peterson, C., and Seligman, M.E.P. 1988. Pessimistic explanatory
style in the historical record: CAVing LBJ, presidential candidates, and East versus West
Berlin. American Psychologist, 43 673-682.
-18-
Date
Sept. 28
Reading:
Topic
II. POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION
Sears, David O., and Christian Brown. 2013. “Childhood and Adult Political
Development.” Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 3.
Stoker, Laura, and M. Kent Jennings. 2008. “Of Time and the Development of
Partisan Polarization.” American Journal of Political Science, 52(July):
619 - 635.
Jennings, M. Kent, Laura Stoker, and Jake Bowers. 2009. “Politics Across
Generations: Family Transmission Reexamined.” Journal of Politics,
71(July): 782 - 799.
Osborne, Danny, David O. Sears, and Nicholas A. Valentino. 2011. “The End of
the Solidly Democratic South: The Impressionable-Years Hypothesis.”
Political Psychology, 32(February): 81 - 108.
Mishler, William, and Richard Rose. 2007. “Generation, Age, and Time: The
Dynamics of Political Learning during Russia’s Transformation.”
American Journal of Political Science, 51(4): 822-834.
Fox, Richard L., and Jennifer L. Lawless. 2014. “Uncovering the Origins of the
Gender Gap in Political Ambition.” American Political Science Review,
108(August): 499 - 519.
Optional:
A good introduction to the psychological literature on child development is provided by:
Bornstein, M.H. and M.E. Lamb, editors. 1984. Developmental Psychology: An Advanced
Textbook. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Political Socialization in Children:
Adelson, J. 1972. “ The political imagination of the young adolescent.” In J. Kagan and R. Coles
(Eds.), Twelve to sixteen: Early adolescence (pp. 106-143). New York: Norton.
Arterton, F.C. 1975. Watergate and children's attitudes toward political authority revisited.
Political Science Quarterly, 90, 477-496.
Billingsley, K.R., and Tucker, C. 1987. Generations, status and party identification: A theory of
operant conditioning. Political Behavior, 9, 305-323.
Broh, C.A. 1979. Adler on the influence of siblings in political socialization. Political Behavior,
1, 175-200.
Campbell, Bruce A. 1980. “A theoretical approach to peer influence in adolescent socialization.”
American Journal of Political Science, 24, 324-344.
-19-
Campbell, David E., and Christina Wolbrecht. 2006. “See Jane Run: Women Politicians as Role
Models for Adolescents.” Journal of Politics, 68(May): 233 - 247.
Campbell, David E. 2008. “Voice in the Classroom: How an Open Classroom climate Fosters
Political Engagement among Adolescents.” Political Behavior, 30(December): 437 454.
Caspi, Avshalom. 2000. “The Child Is Father of the Man: Personality Continuities from
Childhood to Adulthood.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(January):
158-172.
Conway, M.M, Wyckoff, M.L., Feldbaum, E., and Ahern, D. 1981. The news media in children's
political socialization. Public Opinion Quarterly, 45, 164-178.
Cook, Tim E. 1985. “The Bear Market in Political Socialization and the Costs of Misunderstood
Psychological Theories.” American Political Science Review, 79(December): 1079-1093
Dalton, R.J. 1980. “Reassessing Parental Socialization: Indicator Unreliability Vs. Generational
Transfer.” American Political Science Review, 74, 421-431.
Dalton, R.J. 1982. The Pathways of Parental Socialization. American Politics Quarterly, 10,
139-157.
Davis, James A. 2004. “Did Growing Up in the 1960s Leave a Permanent Mark on Attitudes and
Values? Evidence from the General Social Survey.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 68
(Summer): 161-183.
Dennis, Jack. 1968. Major problems of political socialization research. Midwest Journal of
Political Science, 12, 85-114.
Dennis, Jack. 1973. Socialization to politics: A reader. New York: Wiley.
Dolan, Kathleen. 1995. Attitudes, behaviors, and the influence of the family: A reexamination
of the role of family structure. Political Behavior, 17, 251-264.
Easton, David, and Dennis, Jack. 1965. The child's image of government. The Annals of the
American Academy of Political Science, 361, 40-57.
Easton, David, and Dennis, Jack. 1969. Children in the Political System: Origins of Political
Legitimacy. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Epstein, R., and Komorita, S.S. 1966. Childhood prejudice as a function of parental
ethnocentrism, punitiveness, and outgroup characteristics. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 3, 259-264.
Fine, G.A., and E. Eisenberg. 2002. “Tricky Dick and Slick Willy: Despised Presidents and
Generational Imprinting.” American Behavioral Scientist, 46(4): 553 - 565.
Fitzgerald, Jennifer. 2011. “Family Dynamics and Swiss Parties on the Rise: Exploring Party
Support in a Changing Electoral Context.” Journal of Politics, 73(July): 783 - 796.
-20-
Fitzgerald, Jennifer, and K. Amber Curtis. 2012. “Partisan Discord in the Family and Political
Engagement: A Comparative Behavioral Analysis.” Journal of Politics, 74(January):
129 - 141.
Forland, Tor Egil, Trine Rogg Korsvik, and Knut-Andreas Christophersen. 2012. “Brought Up
to Rebel in the Sixties: Birth Order Irrelevant, Parental Worldview Decisive.” Political
Psychology, 33(December): 825 - 838.
Greenstein, F.I. 1960. “The Benevolent Leader: Children's Images of Political Authority.”
American Political Science Review, 54, 934-942.
Hatemi, Peter K., Carolyn L. Funk, Sarah E. Medland, Hermine M. Maes, Judy L. Silbert,
Nicholas G. Martin, and Lindon J. Eaves. 2009 “Genetic and Environmental
Transmission of Political Attitudes Over a Life Time.” Journal of Politics, 71(July):
1141 - 1156.
Hershey, M.R., and Hill, D.B. 1975. “Watergate and preadults' attitudes toward the president.”
American Journal of Political Science, 19, 703-726.
Hess, R.D., and Torney, J.V. 1967. The Development of Political Attitudes in Children.
Chicago: Aldine.
Jaros, D., Hirsch, H., and Fleron, F.J., Jr. 1968. The malevolent leader: Political socialization in
an American sub-culture. American Political Science Review, 62, 564-575.
Jennings, M. Kent. 2002. “Generation Units and the Student Protest Movement in the United
States: An Intra- and Intergenerational Analysis.” Political Psychology, 23(June): 303 324.
Jennings, M. Kent, and Niemi, Richard G. 1974. The Political Character of Adolescence: The
Influence of Families and Schools. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Kozulin, A. 1986. The concept of activity in Soviet psychology: Vygotsky, his disciples and
critics. American psychologist, 41, 264-274.
Kraut, R.E., and Lewis, S.H. 1975. Alternate models of family influence on student political
ideology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 791-800.
Kraut, R.E., and Price, J.D. 1976. Machiavellianism in parents and their children. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 782-792.
Luskin, Robert C., McIver, John P., and Carmines, Edward G. 1989. “Issues and the
Transmission of Partisanship.” American Journal of Political Science, 33, 440-458.
Maddox, W.S. 1979. Presidential affect and chauvinism among children. American Journal of
Political Science, 23, 426-433.
Marsh, D. 1971. Political Socialization: The implicit assumptions questioned. British Journal
of Political Science, 1, 453-466.
-21-
McDevitt, Michael, and Steven Chaffee. 2002. “From Top-Down to Trickle-Up Influence:
Revisiting Assumptions About the Family in Political Socialization.” Political
Communication, 19(July): 281 - 301.
Merelman, R.M. 1969. The development of political ideology: A framework for the analysis of
political socialization. American Political Science Review, 63, 750-767.
Merelman, R.M. 1971. The development of policy thinking in adolescence. American Political
Science Review, 65, 1033-1047.
Merelman, R.M. 1980. Democratic politics and the culture of American education. American
Political Science Review, 74, 319-332. [Comment by Jennings, rejoinder by Merelman
follow.]
Milburn, M.A., Conrad, S.D., Sala, F., and Carberry, S. 1995. Childhood punishment, denial,
and political attitudes. Political Psychology, 16, 447-478.
Pacheco, Juliana Sandell. 2008. “Political Socialization in Context: The Effect of Political
Competition on Youth Voter Turnout.” Political Behavior, 30(December): 515 - 436.
Piaget, Jean, and Weil, A.M. 1951. The development in children of the idea of the homeland and
of relations with other countries. International Social Science Bulletin, 3, 561-578.
Renshon, Stanley A., Editor. 1977. Handbook of political socialization: Theory and research.
New York: Free Press.
Ruble, Diane N., and Jacqueline J. Goodnow. 1998. “Social Development in Childhood and
Adulthood. In Daniel Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook
of Social Psychology (Volume One, 4th Edition, pp. 741 - 787). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Sangster, Roberta L., and Robert W. Reynolds. 1996. "A Test of Inglehart's Socialization
Hypothesis for the Acquisition of Materialist/Postmaterialist Values: The Influence of
Childhood Poverty on Adult Values." Political Psychology, 17(June):253-270.
Sapiro, Virginia. 2004. “Not Your Parents’ Political Socialization: Introduction for a New
Generation.” Annual Review of Political Science, 7: 1 - 23.
Schuman, Howard, and Amy Corning. 2012. “Generational Memory and the Critical Period:
Evidence for National and World Events.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 76(Spring): 1 - 31.
Schuman, Howard, and Willard L. Rodgers. 2004. “Cohorts, Chronology, and Collective
Memories.” Public Opinion Quarterly,68(Summer): 217-254.
Schwartz, D.C., and Schwartz, S.K., editors. 1975. New Directions in Political Socialization.
New York: Free Press.
Searing, Donald D., Schwartz, J.J., and Lind, A.E. 1973. The structuring principle: Political
socialization and belief systems. American Political Science Review, 67, 415-432.
Sears, David O. 1975. “Political Socialization.” In Fred .I. Greenstein and Nelson W. Polsby
(Eds.), Handbook of Political Science (Vol. 2, pp. 93-127). Menlo Park, CA: AddisonWesley.
-22-
Sears, David O., and Nicholas A. Valentino. 1997. “Politics Matters: Political Events as
Catalysts for Preadult Socialization.” American Political Science Review, 91(March):
45-65.
Sigel, R.S. 1968. Image of the president: Some insights into the political views of school
children. American Political Science Review, 62, 216-226.
Sigel, Roberta S., and Marilyn B. Hoskin. 1981. The Political Involvement of Adolescents. New
Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Smith, Elizabeth S. 1999. “The Effects of Investments in the Social Capital of Youth on Political
and Civic Behavior in Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Analysis.” Political
Psychology, 20(September): 553-580.
Tapp, June L., and Kohlberg, L. 1971. Developing senses of law and legal justice. Journal of
Social Issues, 27, 65-91.
Tedon, Kent L. 1980. Assessing peer and parent influence on adolescent political attitudes.
American Journal of Political Science, 24, 136-154.
Tessler, Mark, Carrie Konold, and Megan Reif. 2004. “Political Generations in Developing
Countries: Evidence and Insights from Algeria.” Public Opinion Quarterly,68(Summer):
184-216.
Torney-Purta, Judith. 1994. “Dimensions of Adolescents' Reasoning about Political and
Historical Issues: Ontological Switches, Developmental Processes, and Situated
Learning.” In M Carretero and J.F. Voss (Eds.) Cognitive and instructional processes in
history and the social sciences (pp. 103-122). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Valentino, Nicholas A., and David O. Sears. 1998. “Event-Driven Political Communication and
the Preadult Socialization of Partisanship.” Political Behavior, 20(June): 129 - 154.
van der Broek, Andries. 1999. “Does Differential Cohort Socialization Matter? The Impact of
Cohort Replacement and the Presence of Intergenerational Differences in the
Netherlands.” Political Psychology, 20(September): 501-524.
Van Deth, Jan W., Simone Abendschon, and Meike Vollmar. 2011. “Children and Politics: An
Empirical Reassessment of Early Political Socialization.” Political Psychology,
32(February): 147 - 174.
Westholm, Anders. 1999. “The Perceptual Pathway: Tracing the Mechanisms of Political Value
Transfer Across Generations. Political Psychology, 20(September): 525 - 552.
Williams, C.B., and Minns, D.R. 1986. “Agent Credibility and Receptivity Influences on
Children's Political Learning.” Political Behavior, 8(June): 175-200.
Zellman, Gail L., and Sears, David O. 1971. Childhood origins of tolerance for dissent. Journal
of Social Issues, 27, 109-136.
Zweigenhaft, Richard L. 2002. “Birth Order Effects and Rebelliousness: Political Activism and
Involvement with Marijuana.” Political Psychology, 23(June): 219 - 234.
-23-
Political Socialization in Adults
Abramson, Paul .R. 1979. “Developing Party Identification: A Further Examination of LifeCycle, Generational, and Period Effects.” American Journal of Political Science,
23(February): 78-96. [Reply by Converse follows.]
Alwin, Duane F., Ronald L. Cohen, and Theodore M. Newcomb. 1991. Political Attitudes over
the Lifespan: The Bennington Women after Fifty Years. Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press.
Atkin, C.K., and Gantz, W. 1978. Television news and political socialization. Public Opinion
Quarterly, 42, 183-198.
Beck, Paul A. 1976. “A Socialization Theory of Partisan Realignment.” In R.G. Niemi and H.
Weisberg, (Eds.), Controversies in American voting behavior (1st edition, pp. 396-411).
San Francisco: Freeman.
Bates, P.B., and Reese, H.W. 1984. “The life-span perspective in developmental psychology.”
In M.H. Bornstein and M.E. Lamb (Eds.), Developmental Psychology: An Advanced
Textbook (pp. 493-532). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Beck, Paul A., and Jennings, M. Kent. 1982. “Pathways to Participation.” American Political
Science Review, 76, 94-108.
Beck, Paul A., and Jennings, M. Kent. 1991. “Family Traditions, Political Periods, and the
Development of Partisan Orientations.” Journal of Politics, 53(3): 742-763.
Butler, David, and Stokes, Donald. 1969. Political Change in Britain. New York: St. Martin's
Press.
Converse, Philip E. 1976. The Dynamics of Party Support: Cohort-analyzing Party
Identification. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Cutler, N.E. 1977. Demographic, social-psychological and political factors in the politics of
aging: A foundation for research in political gerontology. American Political Science
Review, 71, 1011-1025.
Dalton, R.J. 1987. Generational change in elite political beliefs: The growth of ideological
polarization. Journal of Politics, 49, 976-997.
Delli Carpini, Michael X. 1986. Stability and Change in American Politics: The Coming of Age
of the Sixties Generation. New York: New York University Press.
Garramone, G.M., and Atkin, C.K. 1986. Mass communication and political socialization:
Specifying the effects. Public Opinion Quarterly, 50, 76-86.
Highton, Benjamin. 2001. “The First Seven Years of the Political Life Cycle.” American Journal
of Political Science, 45(January): 202 - 209.
Jennings, M.K. 1979. Another look at the life cycle and political participation. American
Journal of Political Science, 23, 755-771.
-24-
Jennings, M.K. 1987. Residues of a Movement: The aging of the American protest generation.
American Political Science Review, 81, 367-383.
Jennings, M.K. and Markus, G.B. 1977. The effect of military service on political attitudes: A
panel study. American Political Science Review, 71, 131-147.
Jennings, M.K., and Markus, G.B. 1984. Partisan orientations over the long haul: Results from
the three-wave political socialization panel study. American Political Science Review,
78, 1000-1018.
Jennings, M. Kent, and Markus, Greg B. 1988. “Political Involvement in the Later Years: A
Longitudinal Survey.” American Journal of Political Science, 32, 302-316.
Jennings, M. Kent, and Niemi, Richard G. 1968. “The Transmission of Political Values from
Parent to Child.” American Political Science Review, 62(1): 169-184.
.
Jennings, M. Kent, and Niemi, Richard G. 1981. Generations and Politics: A Panel Study of
Young Adults and Their Parents. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
McCraw, Robert R., Paul T. Costa, Jr., Fritz Ostendorf, Alois Angleitner, Martina Hrebickova,
Maria D. Avia, Jesus Sanz, Maria L. Sanches-Bernardos, M. Ersin Kusdil, Ruth
Woodfield, Peter R. Saunders, and Peter B. Smith. 2000. “Nature over Nurture:
Temperament, Personality, and Life Span Development” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 78(January): 173-186.
Milburn, Michael A., Miho Niwa, and Marcus D. Paterson. 2014. “Authoritarianism, Anger,
and Hostile Attribution Bias: A test of Affect Displacement.” Political Psychology
35(April): 225 - 244.
Nassi, A.J. 1981. “Survivors of the sixties: Comparative psychosocial and political development
of former Berkeley student activists.” American Psychologist, 36, 753-761.
Niemi, R.G., Ross, R.D. and Alexander, J. 1978. The similarity of political values of parents and
college-age youths. Public Opinion Quarterly, 42, 503-520.
Prior, Markus. 2010. “You’ve Either Got It or You Don’t? The Stability of Political Interest
over the Life Cycle.” Journal of Politics, 72(July): 747 - 766.
Rapoport, Ronald B. 1981. The sex gap in political persuading: Where the "structuring
principle" works. American Journal of Political Science, 25, 32-48.
Rapoport, Ronald B. 1982. Sex differences in attitude expression: A generational explanation.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 46, 89-96.
Roberts, C.W., and Lang, K. 1985. Generations and ideological change: Some observations.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 49, 460-473.
Sears, David O. 1975. Political socialization. In F.I. Greenstein and N.W. Polsby (Eds.),
Handbook of political science (Volume 2, pp. 127-153). Menlo Park, CA: AddisonWesley.
Sears, David O. 1983. On the persistence of early political predispositions: The roles of attitude
object and life stage. Review of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 79-116.
-25-
Sears, David O., and Carolyn L. Funk. 1999. “Evidence of the Long-term Persistence of Adults'
Political Predispositions. Journal of Politics, 61(1): 1-28.
Sears, David O., and McConahay, John S. 1973. The Politics of Violence: The New Urban
Blacks and the Watts Riot. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Shively, William P. 1979. The development of party identification among adults: Exploration of
a functional model. American Political Science Review, 73, 1039-1054.
Sigel, Roberta (Editor). 1989. Political Learning in Adulthood. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
Sigel, Roberta S. 1992. “How Men and Women Cope When Gender Role Orientations
Change.” Political Psychology, 13(September): 337 - 352.
Stoker, Laura, and M. Kent Jennings. 1995. “Life-Cycle Transitions and Political Participation:
The Case of Marriage.” American Political Science Review, 89(2): 421 - 433.
Trevor, Margaret C. 1999. “Political Socialization, Party Identification, and the Gender Gap.”
Public Opinion Quarterly, 63(Spring): 62-89.
Watts, Meredith W. 1999. “Are There Typical Age Curves in Political Behavior? The ‘Age
Invariance’ Hypothesis and Political Socialization.” Political Psychology, 20
(September): 477 - 500.
-26-
III. COGNITION
Date
Oct. 5
Reading:
Topic
Social Cognition
Anderson, John R. 1996. “ACT: A Simple Theory of Complex Cognition.”
American Psychologist, 51 (April): 355-365.
Schachter, Daniel L. 1999. "The Seven Sins of Memory." American Psychologist,
54(March): 192-203.
Lieberman, Matthew D., and Darren Schreiber. 2003. “Is Political Cognition
Like Riding a Bicycle? How Cognitive Neuroscience Can Inform
Research on Political Thinking.” Political Psychology, 24(December):
681 - 704.
Dijksterhuis, Ap. 2010. “Automaticity and the Unconscious.” In Susan T.
Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social
Psychology (5th edition, Volume 1, Chapter 7, pp 228 - 267). Hoboken,
NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Optional:
Anderson, John R., Michael d. Byrne, Scot Douglass, Christian Lebiere, and Yulin Qin. 2004.
“An Integrated Theory of the Mind. Psychological Review, 111(4): 1036 - 1060.
Augier, Mie, and James G. March (Eds.). 2004. Models of a Man: Essays in Memory of
Herbert Simon. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Bargh, John A., and Ezequiel Morsella. 2008. “The Unconscious Mind.” Perspectives on
Psychological Science, 3(January): 73 - 79.
Baumeister, Roy F. 2008. “Free Will in Scientific Psychology.” Perspectives on Psychological
Science, 3(January): 14 - 19.
Blair, I.V., Charles M. Judd, and J.L. Fallman. 2004. “The Automaticity of Race and
Afrocentric Facial Features in Social Judgments.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 87(December): 763-778.
Cantor, N., and Mischel, W. 1979. Prototypes in person perception. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.)
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, (Vol. 12, pp. 3-52). New York: Academic
Press.
Corneille, O., J. Huart, E. Becquart, and S. Bredart. 2004. “When Memory Shifts Toward More
Typical Category Exemplars: Accentuation Effects in the Recollection of Ethnically
Ambiguous Faces.”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(February):236-250.
Epstein, Seymour, Veronika Denes-Raj, and Rosemary Pacini. 1995. "The Linda Problem
Revisited from the Perspective of Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory." Personality and
Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(November): 1124-1138.
-27-
Fiske, Susan T. 1992. “Thinking is for doing: Portraits of social cognition from daguerreotype
to laserphoto.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 877-889.
Fiske, Susan T., and Linville, P.W. 1980. What does the schema concept buy us? Personality
and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 543-557.
Fiske, Susan T., and Pavelchak, M.A. 1986. Category-based versus piecemeal-based affective
responses: Developments in schema-triggered affect. In R.M Sorrentino and E.T.
Higgins (Eds.) Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior
(pp. 167-203). New York: Guilford.
Fiske, Susan T., and Shelley E. Taylor. 1991. Social Cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Fiske, Susan T., and Shelley E. Taylor. 2008. Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture.
Boston : McGraw-Hill.
Gill, Michael J. 2004. “When Information Does Not Deter Stereotyping: Prescriptive
Stereotyping Can Foster Bias Under conditions that Deter Descriptive Stereotyping.”
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40(September): 619-632.
Glick, Peter, and Susan T. Fiske. 2001. “An Ambivalent Alliance: Hostile and Benevolent
Sexism as Complementary Justifications for Gender Inequality.” American Psychologist,
56(February): 109 - 118.
Golec, A., and Chris M. Federico. 2004. “Understanding Responses to Political Conflict:
Interactive Effects of the Need for Closure and Salient Conflict Schemas.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 87(December): 750-762.
Hastie, Reid. 1986. A primer of information-processing theory for the political scientist. In
Richard R. Lau and David O. Sears, (Eds.), Political cognition: The 19th annual
Carnegie symposium on cognition (pp 11-39). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Hastie, Reid, and Kumar, P.A. 1979. Person memory: Personality traits as organizing principles
in memory for behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 25-38.
Hastie, Reid, and Bernadett Park. 1986. “The Relationship Between Memory and Judgment
Depends on Whether the Judgment Task Is Memory-based or On-line.” Psychological
Review, 93(July): 258 - 268.
Higgins, E. Tory., and Bargh, J.A. 1987. Social cognition and social perception. In M.R.
Rosenweig and L.W. Porter (Eds.) Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 38, pp. 369-425).
Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
Higgins, E. Tory, and Sorrentino, R.M., editors. 1990. Handbook of motivation and cognition:
Foundations of social behavior (Volume 2). New York: Guilford.
Johnson, R. E., C. H. Chang, and R.G. Lord. 2006. “Moving From Cognition to Behavior: What
the Research Says.” Psychological Bulletin, 132(3): 381-415.
Judd, Charles M., and Park, B. 1993. Definition and assessment of accuracy in social
stereotypes. Psychological Review, 100 (January), 109-128.
-28-
Jussim, Lee, Thomas E. Nelson, Melvin Manis, and Sonia Soffin. 1995. "Prejudice, Stereotypes,
and Labeling Effects: Sources of Bias in Person Perception." Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 68(February): 228-246.
Kunda, Ziva. 1990. “The Case for Motivated Reasoning.” Psychological Bulletin, 108
(November): 480 - 498.
Lepore, Lorella, and Rupert Brown. 1997. "Category and Stereotype Activation: Is Prejudice
Inevitable? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72:(February): 275-287.
Lieberman, Matthew D. 2010. “Social Cognitive Neuroscience.” In Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T.
Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition, Volume
1, Chapter 5, pp 143 - 193). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Lyons, A, and Y. Kashima. 2003. “How Are Stereotypes Maintained Through Communication?
The Influence of Stereotype Sharedness.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
85(December): 989-1005.
Macrae, C. Neil, Alan B. Mine, and Galen V. Bodenhausen. 1994. "Stereotypes as EnergySaving Devices: A Peek Inside the Cognitive Toolbox." Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 66(January): 37-47.
Markus, H., and Zajonc, R.B. 1985. The cognitive perspective in social psychology. In G.
Lindzey and E. Aronson (Eds.) The handbook of social psychology (Vol. I, 3rd ed., pp
137-230). New York: Random House.
McConnell, Allen R., Steven J. Sherman, and David L. Hamilton. 1997. “Target Entitativity:
Implications for Information Processing About Individual and Group Targets.” Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(April): 750-762.
Moskowitz, Gordon B., Peter M. Gollwitzer, Wolfgang Wasel, and Bernard Schaal. 1999.
“Preconscious Control of Stereotype Activation through Chronic Egalitarian Goals.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(July): 167 - 184.
Pribram, K.H. 1986. The cognitive revolution and mind/brain issues. American Psychologist,
41, 507-520.
Roser, Matthew, and Michael S. Gazzaniga. 2004. “Automatic Brains – Interpretive Minds.”
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(2): 56 - 59.
Schneider, D.J., Hastorf, A.H., and Ellsworth, P.C. 1979. Person perception (2nd edition).
Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley.
Sherman, Jeffrey W., Angela Y. Lee, Gayle R. Bessendoff, and Leigh A. Frost. 1998. “Stereotype
Efficiency Reconsidered: Encoding Flexibility Under Cognitive Load.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 75(September): 589-606.
Sherman, Jeffrey W., S.J. Stroessner, F.R. Conrey, and O.A. Azam. 2005. “Prejudice and
Stereotype Maintenance Processes: Attention, Attribution, and Individuation.” Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 89(October): 607-622.
Skinner, B.F. 1990. “Can Psychology Be a Science of Mind?” American Psychologist, 45, 12061210.
-29-
Smith, Elliot R. 1984. “Models of Social Inference Processes.” Psychological Review, 91, 392413.
Smith, Elliot R. 1996. "What Do Connectionism and Social Psychology Offer Each Other?"
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(May): 893-912.
Smith, Elliot R. 1998. "Mental Representation and Memory.” In Daniel Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske,
and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume One, 4th
Edition, pp. 391 - 445). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Smith, Eliot R., and Jamie DeCoster. 1998. “Knowledge Acquisition, Accessibility, and Use in
Person Perception and Stereotyping: Simulation with a Recurrent Connectionist
Network.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(January): 21-35.
Sorrentino, R.M., and Higgins, E.T., editors. 1986. Handbook of motivation and cognition:
Foundations of social behavior. New York: Guilford.
Srull, T.K., and Wyer, R.S., Jr. 1989. “Person Memory and Judgment.” Psychological Review,
96, 58-83.
Taylor, Shelley E., and Crocker, J. 1981. Schematic bases of social information processing. In
E.T. Higgins, C.P. Herman, and M.P. Zanna (Eds.) Social cognition: The Ontario
Symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 89-134). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Taylor, Shelley E., and Fiske, S.T. 1981. Getting inside the head: Methodologies for process
analysis in attribution and social cognition. In J.H. Harvey, W. Ickes, and R.F. Kidd
(Eds.) New Directions in Attribution Research (Vol. 3, pp. 459-524). Hillsdale, NJ:
Erlbaum.
Tormala, Zakary L., and Richard E. Petty. 200l. “On-Line Versus Memory-Based Processing.”
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(December): 1599 - 1612.
von Hippel, William, John Jonides, James L. Hilton, and Sowmya Narayan. 1993. "Inhibitory
Effect of Schematic Processing on Perceptual Encoding." Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 64(June): 921-935.
Vonk, Roos, and Ad van Knippenberg. 1995. "Processing Attitude Statements from In-Group
and Out-Group Members: Effects of Within-Group and Within-Person Inconsistencies on
Reading Times." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(February): 215-227.
Wegner, Daniel M., and John A. Bargh. 1998. “Control and Automaticity in Social Life.” In
Daniel Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social
Psychology (Volume One, 4th Edition, pp. 446 - 496). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Wyer, Robert S., Jr., and Srull, Thomas K., editors. 1984. Handbook of social cognition (Volume
1). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [Subsequent volumes also contain many good papers.]
Wyer, Robert S., Jr., and Srull, Thomas K. 1986. “Human Cognition in its Social Context.”
Psychological Review, 93, 322-359.
Wyer, Robert S., Jr., and Thomas K. Srull. 1989. Memory and Cognition in its Social Context.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
-30-
Date
Oct. 12
Reading:
Topic
Candidate Impression
Lodge, Milton, Kathleen M. McGraw, and Patrick Stroh. 1989. “An ImpressionDriven Model of Candidate Evaluation.” American Political Science
Review, 83(June): 399-420.
Lodge, Milton, Marco R. Steenbergen, and Shawn Brau. 1995. “The Responsive
Voter: Campaign Information and the Dynamics of Candidate
Evaluation.” American Political Science Review, 89(June): 309-326.
McGraw, Kathleen M. 1991. “Managing Blame: an Experimental Test of the
Effects of Political Accounts.” American Political Science Review, 85
(December): 1133-1158.
Mitchell, Dona-Gene. 2012. “It’s About Time: The Lifespan of Information
Effects in a Multiweek Campaign.” American Journal of Political
Science, 56(April): 298 - 311.
Kam, Cindy D. 2007. “Implicit Attitudes, Explicit Choices: When Subliminal
Priming Predicts Candidate Preference.” Political Behavior, 29
(September): 343 - 368.
Mattes, Kyle, Michael Spezio, Hackjin Kim, Alexander Todorov, Ralph Adolphs,
and R. Michael Alvarez. 2010. “Predicting Election Outcomes from
Positive and Negative Trait Assessments of Candidate Images.” Political
Psychology, 31(February): 41 - 58.
I want someone to do their annotated bibliography on Lodge and Taber’s new book:
Lodge, Milton, and Charles S. Taber. 2013. The Rationalizing Voter. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Optional:
Abelson, R.P., Kinder, D.R., Peters, M.D., and Fiske, S.T. 1982. Affective and Semantic
Components in Political Person Perception. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 42, 619-630.
Abramowitz, Alan I. 1987. “Candidate Choice Before the Convention: The Democrats in
1984.” Political Behavior, 9, 49-62.
Adaval, Rashmi, Linda M. Isbell, and Robert S. Wyer, Jr. 2007. “The Impact of Pictures on
Narrative- and List-Based Impression Formation: A Process Interference Model.”
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(May): 352 - 364.
Bailenson, Jeremy N., Shanto Iyengar, Nick Yee, and Nathan A. Collins. 2008. “Facial
Similarity between Voters and Candidates Causes Influence.” Public Opinion Quarterly,
72(5): 935 - 961.
-31-
Banducci, Susan A., Jeffrey A. Karp, Michael Thrasher, and Colin Rallings. 2008. “Ballot
Photographs as Cues in Low-Information Elections.” Political Psychology,
29(December): 903 - 918.
Baumgartner, Jody C., Jonathan S. Morris, and Natasha L. Walth. 2012. “The Fey Effect:
Young Adults, Political Humor, and Perceptions of Sarah Palin in the 2008 Presidential
Election Campaign.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 76(Spring): 95 - 104.
Bianco, William t. 1998. "Different Paths to the Same Result: Rational Choice, Political
Psychology, and Impression Formation in Campaigns." American Journal of Political
Science,42(October): 1061-1081.
Bizer, George Y., Zakary L. Tormala, Derek D. Rucker, and Richard E. Petty. 2006. “MemoryBased Versus On-Line Precessing: Implications for Attitude Strength.” Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 42(September): 646 - 653.
Butemeyer, J., Rogers, R.R., Rosenwasser, S.M., and Silvers-Pickens, K. 1987. Attitudes toward
women and men in politics: Perceived male and female candidates competencies and
participant personality characteristics. Political Psychology, 8, 191-200.
Campbell, J.E., and Meier, J.L. 1979. Style issues and vote choice. Political Behavior, 1, 203216.
Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Claudio Barbaranelli, and Philip G. Zimbardo. 2002. “When Parsimony
Subdues Distinctiveness: Simplified Public Perception of Politicians’ Personality.”
Political Psychology, 23(March): 77 - 96.
Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Michele Vecchione, Claudio Barbaranelli, and R. Chris Fraley. 2007.
“When Likeness Goes with Liking: The Case of Political Preference.” Political
Psychology, 28(October): 609 - 632.
Carlin, Ryan E., Gregory J. Love, and Cecilia Martinez-Gallardo. 2015. “Cushioning the Fall:
Scandals, Economic Conditions, and Executive Approval.” Political Behavior,
37(March): 109 - 130.
Citrin, J., Green, D.P., and Sears, David O. 1990. White reactions to Black candidates: When
does race matter? Public Opinion Quarterly, 54, 74-96.
Crawford, Jarret T., Lee Jussim, Stephanie Madon, Thomas R. Cain, and Sean Tl Stevens. 2011.
“The Use of Stereotypes and Individuating Information in Political Person Perception.”
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(April): 529 - 543.
Doherty, Kathryn M., and James G. Gimpel. 1997. "Candidate Character vs. The Economy in
the 1992 Election." Political Behavior, 19(September): 177-196.
Einhorn, H.J., Komorita, S.S., and Rosen, B. 1972. Multidimensional models for the evaluation
of political candidates. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 8, 58-73.
Federico, Christopher M., and Corrie V. Hunt. 2013. “Political Information, Political
Involvement, and Reliance on Ideology in Political Evaluation.” Political Behavior,
35(March): 89 - 112.
-32-
Fischle, Mark. 2000. “Mass Responses to the Lewinsky Scandal: Motivated Reasoning or
Bayesian Updating?” Political Psychology, 21(March): 135-160.
Foti, R., Fraser, S., and Lord, R. 1982. Effects of leadership labels and prototypes on perceptions
of political leaders. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 326-333.
Fox, Richard L., and Eric R.A.N. Smith. 1998. “The Role of Candidate Sex In Voter DecisionMaking.” Political Psychology, 19(June): 405-420.
Franklin, C.H. 1991. Eschewing Obfuscation? Campaigns and the Perception of U.S. Senate
Incumbents. American Political Science Review, 85, 1193-1214.
Fridkin, Kim L., and Patrick J. Kenney. 2011. “The Role of Candidate Traits in Campaigns.”
Journal of Politics, 73(January): 61 - 73.
Funk, Carolyn L. 1996. The impact of scandal on candidate evaluations: An experimental test of
the role of candidate traits. Political Behavior, 18, 1-24.
Funk, Carolyn L. 1997. "Implications of Political Expertise in Candidate Trait Evaluations."
Political Research Quarterly, 50(September): 675-697.
Gilbert, Daniel T. 1998. “Ordinary Personology.” In Daniel Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske, and
Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume Two, 4th Edition,
pp. 89 - 150). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Gilens, Martin. 1988. Gender and support for Reagan: A comprehensive model of presidential
approval. American Journal of Political Science, 32, 19-50.
Glass, D.P. 1985. Evaluating political candidates: Who focuses on their personal attributes?
Public Opinion Quarterly, 49, 517-534.
Glasgow, Garrett, and R. Michael Alvarez. 2000. “Uncertainty and Candidate Personality Traits.”
American Politics Quarterly, 28(January): 26-4.
Gonzales, Marti Hope, Margaret Bull Kovera, John L. Sullivan, and Virginia Chanley. 1995.
"Private Reactions to Public Transgressions: Predictors of Evaluative Responses to
Allegations of Political Misconduct." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
21(February): 136-148.
Goren, Paul. 2002. “Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation.” American
Journal of Political Science, 46(July): 627 - 641. [also negativity]
Goren, Paul. 2007. “Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation:
Modifications and Extensions.” Political Behavior, 29(September): 305 - 326.
Hart, William, Victor C. Ottati, and Nathaniel D. Krumdick. 2011. “Physical Attractiveness and
Candidate Evaluation: A Model of Correction.” Political Psychology, 32(April): 181 204.
Hartman, Todd K., and Dama J. Newmark. 2012. “Motivated Reasoning, Political
Sophistication, and Associations between President Obama and Islam.” PS: Political
Science & Politics, 45(July): 449 - 455.
-33-
Hayes, Danny. 2005. “Candidate Qualities through a Partisan Lens: A Theory of Trait
Ownership.” American Journal of Political Science, 49(October): 924 - 938.
Highton, Benjamin. 2012. “Updating Political Evaluations: Policy Attitudes, Partisanship, and
Presidential Assessments.” Political Behavior, 34(March): 57 - 78.
Holbrook, Allyson L. Jon A. Krosnick, Penny S. Visser, Wendi L. Gardner, and John T.
Cacioppo. 2001. “Attitudes toward Presidential Candidates and Political Parties: Initial
Optimism, Inertial First Impressions, and a Focus on Flaws.” American Journal of
Political Science, 45(October): 930 - 950.
Horiuchi, Yusaku, Tadashi Komatsu, and Fumio Nakaya. 2012. “Should Candidates Smile to
Win elections? An Application of Automated Face Recognition Technology.” Political
Psychology, 33(December): 925 - 934.
Huddy, Leonie, and Terkildsen, N. 1993. The consequences of gender stereotypes for women
candidates at different levels and types of office. Political Research Quarterly, 46, 503525.
Jacobs, L.R., and Shapiro, R.Y. 1994. Issues, candidate image, and priming: The use of private
polls in Kennedy's 1960 presidential campaign. American Political Science Review, 88,
527-540.
Kahn, Kim F. 1992. Does being male help?: An investigation of gender biases in U.S.
presidential races. Journal of Politics, 52, 497-517.
Kahn, Kim F. 1994. Does gender make a difference? An experimental examination of sex
stereotypes and press patterns if statewide campaigns. American Journal of Political
Science, 38, 162-195.
Kahn, Kim F. 1994. The distorted mirror: Press coverage of women candidates for statewide
office. Journal of Politics, 56, 154-173.
Kahn, Kim F., and Golderberg, E.N. 1991. Women candidates in the news: An examination of
gender differences in U.S. senate campaign coverage. Public Opinion Quarterly, 55,
180-199.
Kam, Cindy D., and Elizabeth J. Zechmeister. 2013. “Name Recognition and Candidate
Support.” American Journal of Political Science, 57(October): 971 - 986.
Keeter, Scott. 1987. The illusion of intimacy: Television and the role of candidate personal
qualities in voter choice. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51, 344-359.
Kelley, Stanley, Jr., and Thad W. Mirer. 1974. “The Simple Act of Voting.” American Political
Science Review, 68(June): 572-591.
Kenney, P.J., and Rice, T.W. 1988. Presidential pre-nomination preferences and candidate
evaluations. American Political Science Review, 82, 1309-1320.
Kim, Young Mie, and Kelly Garrett. 2012. “On-line and Memory-based: Revisiting the
Relationship Between Candidate Evaluation Processing Models.” Political Behavior,
34(June): 345 - 368.
-34-
Kinder, Donald R. 1986. “Presidential Character Revisited.” In Richard R. Lau and David O.
Sears, eds., Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition (pp.
233-256). Hillsboro, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Kinder, Donald R., Fiske, Susan T., and Wagner, Randal G. 198x. “Presidents in the Public
Mind.” In ???
Kinder, Donald R., Peters, M.D., Abelson, R.P., and Fiske, S.T. 1980. Presidential prototypes.
Political Behavior, 2, 315-338.
Koch, Jeffrey W. 2000. “Do Citizens Apply Gender Stereotypes to Infer Candidates’ Ideological
Orientations?” Journal of Politics, 62(May): 414 - 429.
Lane, Robert E. 1978. Interpersonal relations and leadership in a "cold society." Comparative
Politics, 10, 443-459.
Laustsen, Lasse. 2014. “Decomposing the Relationship betweenn Candidates’ Facial
Appearance and Electoral Success.” Political Behavior, 36(December): 777 - 791.
Lavine, Howard. 2001. “The Electoral Consequences of Ambivalence Toward Presidential
Candidates.” American Journal of Political Science, 45(October): 915 - 929.
Leeper, M.S. 1991. The impact of prejudice on female candidates: An experimental look at voter
inference. American Politics Quarterly, 19, 248-261.
Leeper, Thomas J. 2014. “Cognitive Style and the Survey Response.” Public Opinion
Quarterly, 78 (Winter): 974 - 983. #Online model paper
Lerman, Amy E., Katherine T. McCabe, and Meredith L. Sadin. 2015. “Political Ideology, Skin
Tone, and the Psychology of Candidate Evaluations.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 79
(Spring): 53 - 90.
Letzring, T.D., S.M. Wells, and David C. Funder. 2006. “Information Quantity and Quality
Affect the Realistic Accuracy of Personality Judgment.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 91(July): 111-123.
Little, A.C., R. Pl Burriss, B.C. Jones, and S.C. Roberts. 2007. “Facial Appearance Affects
Voting Decisions.” Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(1)” 18 - 27.
Lodge, Milton. 1995. “Toward a Procedural Model of Candidate Evaluation.” In Milton Lodge
and Kathleen M. McGraw, eds. Political Judgment: Structure and Process (pp. 111 140). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Lodge, Milton, Stroh, P., and Wahlke, J. 1990. Black-box Models of Candidate Evaluation.
Political Behavior, 12, 5-18.
Lodge, Milton, and Charles S. Taber. 2005. “The Automaticity of Affect for Political Leaders,
Groups, and Issues: An Experimental Test of the Hot Cognition Hypothesis.” Political
Psychology, 26(June): 455 - 482.
Lusk, C.M., and Judd, C.M. 1988. Political expertise and the structural mediators of candidate
evaluations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 105-127.
-35-
MacDonald, S.E., Prothro, J.W., Rabinowitz, G., and Brown, K.J. 1988. Political evocation and
styles of candidate evaluation. Political Behavior, 10, 117-135.
McCaul, Kevin D., Rob E. Ployhart, Verlin B. Hinsz, and Harriette S. McCaul. 1995.
"Appraisals of a Consistent Versus a Similar Politician: Voter Preferences and Intuitive
Judgments." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(February): 292-299.
McConnell, Allen R., Steven J. Sherman, and David L. Hamilton. 1994. "On-Line and MemoryBased Aspects of Individual and Group Target Judgments." Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 67(August): 173-185.
McCurley, C., and Mondak, J.J. 1995. “Inspected by #1184063113: The influence of
incumbents’ competence and integrity in U.S. House elections.” American Journal of
Political Science, 39, 864-885.
McDermott, Monika L. 1997. “Voting Cues in Low-Information Elections: Candidate Gender
as a Social Information Variable in Contemporary United States Elections.” American
Journal of Political Science, 41(January): 270-283.
McGraw, Kathleen M., Mark Fishle, Karen Stenner, and Milton Lodge. 1996. "What's in a
Word? Bias in Trait Descriptions of Political Leaders." Political Behavior,
18(September): 263-288.
McGraw, Kathleen M., Milton Lodge, and Jeffrey M. Jones. 2002. “The Pandering Politicians of
Suspicious Minds.” Journal of Politics, 64(May): 362 - 383.
McGraw, Kathleen M., and Marco Steenbergen. 1995. “Pictures in the Head: Memory
Representations of Political Candidates.” In Milton Lodge and Kathleen M. McGraw,
eds. Political Judgment: Structure and Process (pp. 15 - 42). Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
McGraw, Kathleen M., Lodge, M., and Stroh, P. 1990. On-line processing in candidate
evaluation: The effects of issue order, issue importance, and sophistication. Political
Behavior, 12, 41-58.
McGraw, Kathleen M., Timpone, R., and Bruck, G. 1993. Justifying controversial political
decisions: Home Style in the laboratory. Political Behavior, 15, 289-308.
Merolla, Jennifer L., and Elizabeth J. Zechmeister. 2009. “Terrorist Threat, Leadership, and the
Vote: Evidence from Three Experiments.” Political Behavior, 31(December): 575 - 602.
Miller, Arthur H., Wattenberg, M.P., and Malanchuk, O. 1986. “Schematic Assessments of
Presidential Candidates.” American Political Science Review, 80, 521-540.
Miller, Beth. 2010. “The Effects of Scandalous Information on Recall of Policy-Related
Information.” Political Psychology, 31(December): 887 - 914.
Mitchell, Dona-Gene. 2014. “Here Today, Gone Tomorrow? Assessing How Timing and
Repetition of Scandal Information Affects Candidate Evaluations.” Political Psychology,
35 (October): 679 - 702.
Moskowitz, David, and Patrick Stroh. 1996. Expectation-Driven Assessments of Political
Candidates." Political Psychology, 17 (December): 695-712.
-36-
Nir, Lilach. 2011. “Motivated Reasoning and Public Opinion Perception.” Public Opinion
Quarterly, 75(Fall): 504 - 532.
Nygren, T.E., and Jones, L.E. 1977. Individual differences in perceptions and preferences for
political candidates. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13, 182-197.
Peffley, M. 1989. Presidential image and economic performance: A dynamic analysis. Political
Behavior, 11, 309-334.
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Public Opinion Quarterly, 60(Spring): 30-57.
Rahn, Wendy M. 1993. “The role of partisan stereotypes in information processing about
political candidates.” American Journal of Political Science, 37, 472-496.
Rahn, Wendy M. 1995. “Candidate Evaluation in Complex Information Environments:
Cognitive Organization and Comparison Process.” In Milton Lodge and Kathleen M.
McGraw, eds. Political Judgment: Structure and Process (pp. 43 - 64). Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press.
Rahn, W.M., Aldrich, J.H., and Borgida, E. 1994. Individual and contextual variations in
political candidate appraisal. American Political Science Review, 88, 193-199.
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candidate appraisal. In J.A. Ferejohn and J.H. Kuklinski (Eds.) Information and
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Rahn, W.M., Krosnick, J.A., and Breuning, M. 1994. Rationalization and derivation processes in
survey studies of political candidate evaluation. American Journal of Political Science,
38, 582-600.
Redlawsk, David P. 2001. “You Must Remember This: A Test of the On-line Model of Voting.”
Journal of Politics, 63(February): 29 - 58.
Rosenberg, S.W., Bohan, L, McCafferty, P.L., and Harris, K. 1986. The image and the vote:
The effect of candidate presentation on voter preference. American Journal of Political
Science, 30, 108-127.
Rosenberg, S.W., and McCafferty, P. 1987. The image and the vote: Manipulating voters'
preferences. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51, 31-48.
Rosenberg, S.W., Kahn, S., and Tran, T. 1991. Creating a political image: Shaping appearance
and manipulating the vote. Political Behavior, 13, 345-367.
Rudolph, Thomas J. 2011. “The Dynamics of Ambivalence.” American Journal of Political
Science, 55(July): 561 - 573.
Sherman, R.C., and Ross, L.B. 1972. Liberalism-conservatism and dimensional salience in the
perception of political figures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 23, 120127.
Shultz, Cindy, and S. Mark Pancer. 1997. "Character Attacks and their Effects on Perceptions of
Male and Female Political Candidates." Political Psychology, 18(March): 93-102.
-37-
Shyles, L. 1984. Defining "images" of presidential candidates from televised political spot
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Sigelman, C.K., Sigelman, L., Walkosz, B., and Nitz, M. 1995. Black candidates, white voters:
Understanding racial bias in political perceptions. American Journal of Political Science,
39, 243-265.
Smith, Elizabeth S., Ashleigh Smith Powers, and Gustavo A. Suarez. 2005. “If Bill Clinton
Were a Woman: The Effectiveness of Male and Female Politicians’ Account Strategies
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Stoker, L. 1993. Judging presidential character: The demise of Gary Hart. Political Behavior,
15, 193-224.
Terkildsen, N. 1993. “When White Voters Evaluate Black Candidates: The Processing
Implications of Candidate Skin Color, Prejudice, and Self-Monitoring.” American
Journal of Political Science, 37(November): 1032 - 1053.
Todorov, A., A.N. Mandisodza, A. Goren, and C.C. Hall. 2005. “Inferences of Competence
from Faces Predict Election Outcomes.” Science, 308(5728): 1623 - 1626.
Weber, Christopher, and Matthew Thornton. 2012. “Courting Christians: How Political
Candidates Prime Religious Considerations in Campaign Ads.” Journal of Politics,
74(April): 400 - 413.
Willis, G., and A. Todorov. 2006. “First Impressions: Making Up Your Mind After 100 ms
Exposure to a Face.” Psychological Science, 17(7): 592 - 598.
Wyer, Jr., R.S., Budesheim, T.L., Shavitt, S., Riggle, E.D., Melton, R.J., and Kuklinski, J.H.
1991. “Images, issues, and ideology: The processing of information about political
candidates.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 533-545.
See symposium on Political Scandal in American Politics, PS Political Science &
Politics, 2014, 47(April): 7 short articles.
-38-
Date
Topic
Oct. 19
Political Cognition
Reading:
Taber, Charles S., and Everett Young. 2013. “Political Information Processing.”
Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 17.
Conover, Pamela J., and Stanley Feldman. 1984. “How People Organize Their
Political World: A Schematic Model.” American Journal of Political
Science, 28 (February): 95-126.
Lau, Richard R., and David P. Redlawsk. 2001. “Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Cognitive Heuristics in Political Decision Making.” American
Journal of Political Science, 45(October): 951 - 971.
Kim, Sung-youn, Charles s. Taber, and Milton Lodge. 2010. “A Computational
Model of the Citizen as Motivated Reasoner: Modeling the Dynamics of
the 2000 Presidential Election.” Political Behavior, 32(March): 1 - 28.
Boudreau, Cheryl. 2009. “Closing the Gap: When Do Cues Eliminate
Differences between Sophisticated and Unsophisticated Citizens?”
Journal of Politics, 71(July): 964 - 976.
Peterson, Michael Bang, and Lene Aaroe. 2013. Politics in the Mind’s Eye:
Imagination as a Link between Social and Political Cognition.” American
Political Science Review, 107(May): 275 - 293.
Optional:
Albertson, Bethany L. 2011. “Religious Appeals and Implicit Attitudes.” Political Psychology,
32(February): 109 - 130.
Allen, R.L., Dawson, M.C., and Brown, R. 1989. “A Schema-based Approach to Modeling an
African-American Racial Belief System.” American Political Science Review, 83,
421-442.
Arceneaux, Kevin. 2008. “Can Partisan Cues Diminish Democratic Accountability?” Political
Behavior, 30(June): 139 - 160.
Arceneaux, Kevin, and Robin Kolodny. 2009. “Educating the Least Informed: Group
Endorsements in a Grassroots Campaign.” American Journal of Political Science,
53(October): 755 - 770.
Atkeson, Lonna Rae. 2003. “Not all Cues Are Created Equal: The Conditional Impact of Female
Candidates on Political Engagement.” Journal of Politics, 65(November): 1040:1061.
Baldassarri, D., and H. Schadee. 2006. “Voter Heuristics and Political Cognition in Italy: An
Empirical Typology.” Electoral Studies, 25(3): 448-466.
-39-
Bassili, John N. 1995. “On the Psychological Reality of Party Identification: Evidence from the
Accessibility of Voting Intentions and of Partisan Feelings.” Political Behavior, 17, 339358.
Bassili, John N. 1995. "Response Latency and the Accessibility of Voting Intentions: What
Contributes to Accessibility and How It Affects Vote Choice." Personality and Social
Psychology Bulletin, 21(July): 686-695.
Bassili, John N., and B. Stacey Scott. 1996. "Response Latency as a Signal to Question
Problems in Survey Research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 60(Fall): 390-399.
Beer, F.A., Healy, A.F., Sinclair, G.P., and Bourne, L.E. Jr. 1987. “War Cues and Foreign Policy
Acts.” American Political Science Review, 81(September): 701-717.
Berinski, Adam, and Tali Mendelberg. 2005. “The Indirect Effects of Discredited Stereotypes in
Judgments of Jewish Leaders.” American Journal of Political Science, 49(October):
845 - 864.
Bolland, J.M. 1985. “The Structure of Political Cognition: A New Approach to its Meaning and
Measurement.” Political Behavior, 7, 248-265.
Bolsen, Toby, James N. Druckman, and Fay Lomax Cook. 2014. “The Influence of Partisan
Motivated Reasoning on Public Opinion.” Political Behavior, 36(June): 235 - 262/
Boudreau, Cheryl. 2009. “Closing the Gap: When Do Cues Eliminate Differences between
Sophisticated and Unsophisticated Citizens?” Journal of Politics, 71(July): 964 - 976.
Brockington, David. 2003. “A Low Information Theory of Ballot Position Effect.” Political
Behavior: 25(March): 1-28.
Burton, S., and Blair, E. (1991). Task conditions, response formulation processes, and response
accuracy for behavioral frequency questions in surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 55,
50-79.
Boynton, G.R. and Lodge, M. 1990. Guest editors' note. Political Behavior, 12, 1-4.
Carnes, Nicholas, and Meredith L. Sadin. 2015. “The ‘Mill Worker’s Son Heuristic: How
Voters Perceive Politicians from Working-Class Families – and How They Really Behave
in Office.” Journal of Politics, 77 (January): 285 - 298.
Coan, Travis G., Jennifer L., Merolla, Laura B. Stephenson, and Elizabeth J. Zechmeister. 2008.
“It’s Not Easy Being Green: Minor Party Labels as Heuristic Aids.” Political
Psychology, 29(June): 389 - 406.
Cutler, Fred. 2002. “The Simplest Shortcut of All: Sociodemographic Characteristics and
Electoral Choice.” Journal of Politics, 64(May): 466 - 490.
Dancey, Logan, and Geoffrey Sheagley. 2013. “Heuristics Behaving Badly: Party Cues and
Voter Knowledge.” American Journal of Political Science, 57(April): 312 - 325,
DeSart, J.A. 1995. “Information processing and partisan neutrality: A reexamination of the party
decline thesis.” Journal of Politics, 57, 776-795.
-40-
Ditonto, Tessa M., Richard R. Lau, and David O. Sears. 2013. “AMPing Racial Attitudes:
Comparing the Power of Explicit and Implicit Racism Measures in 2008.” Political
Psychology, 34(August): 487 - 510.
Druckman, James N. 2001. “On the Limits of Framing Effects: Who Can Frame?” Journal of
Politics, 63(November): 1041 - 1066.
Erber, Ralph, and Richard R. Lau. 1990. “Political Cynicism Revisited: An InformationProcessing Reconciliation of Policy-based and Incumbency-based Interpretations of
Changes in Trust in Government.” American Journal of Political Science, 34, 236-253.
Fiske, Susan T., Kinder, Donald R., and Larter, W.M. 1983. “The Novice and the Expert:
Knowledge Based Strategies in Political Cognition.” Journal of Experimental Social
Psychology, 19, 381-400.
Friedman, Ronald S., and Barbara Sutton. 2013. “Selling the War? System-Justifying Effects of
Commercial Advertising on Civilian Casualty Tolerance.” Political Psychology,
34(June): 351 - 368.
Glaser, Jack, and Christopher Finn. 2013. “How and Why Implicit Attitudes Should Affect
Voting.” PS Political Science & Politics, 46(July): 537 - 544.
Hamill, Ruth, and Milton Lodge. 1986. “Cognitive Consequences of Political Sophistication.”
In Richard R. Lau and David O. Sears, (Eds.), Political cognition: The 19th annual
Carnegie symposium on cognition (pp. 69-93). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Hamill, Ruth, Milton Lodge, and Blake, F. 1985. “The Breadth, Depth, and Utility of Class,
Partisan, and Ideological Schemata.” American Journal of Political Science, 29, 850870.
Herrmann, Richard. 1986. “The Power of Perceptions in Foreign Policy Decision Making.”
American Journal of Political Science, 30, 841-875.
Holbrook, Thomas M. 2006. “Cognitive Style and Political Learning in the 2000 U.S.
Presidential Campaign.” Political Research Quarterly, 59(3): 343-352.
Hurwitz, John, and Mark Peffley. 1987. “How Are Foreign Policy Attitudes Structured?”
American Political Science Review, 81, 1099-1121.
Jacoby, William G. 1988. “The Sources of Liberal-Conservative Thinking: Education and
Conceptualization.” Political Behavior, 10, 316-332.
Jost, John T., Jim Glaser, Arie W. Kruglanski, and F.J. Sulloway. 2003. “Political Conservatism
as Motivated Social Cognition.” Psychological Bulletin, 129(3): 339 - 375.
Kam, Cindy D. 2005. “Who Toes the Party Line? Cues, Values, and Individual Differences.”
Political Behavior, 27(June): 163 - 182. [Relevant to 4 Models]
Kam, Cindy D., and Stephen M. Utych. 2011. “Close Elections and Cognition Engagement.”
Journal of Politics, 73(October): 1251 - 1266.
#Information Search
Koch, Jeffrey W. 2001. “When Parties and Candidates Collide: Citizen Perception of House
Candidates’ Positions on Abortion.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 65(Spring): 1 - 21.
-41-
Ksiazkiewicz, Aleksander, and James Hedrick. 2013. “An Introduction to Implicit Attitudes in
Political Science Research.” PS Political Science & Politics, 46(July): 525 - 531.
Kuklinski, James H., Luskin, R.C., and Bolland, J. 1991. “Where Is the Schema? Going Beyond
the "S" Word in Political Psychology.” American Political Science Review, 85, 13411356. See also following rebuttals by Lodge and McGraw, Conover and Feldman, and
Miller.
Lau, Richard R. 1986. “Political Schemata, Candidate Evaluations, and Voting Behavior.” In
Richard R. Lau and David O. Sears, (Eds.), Political cognition: The 19th annual
Carnegie symposium on cognition (pp 95-125). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Lau, Richard R. 1989. “Construct Accessibility and Electoral Choice.” Political Behavior
11(March): 5-32.
Lau, Richard R. 1990. “Political Motivation and Political Cognition.” In E.T. Higgins and R.M.
Sorrentino, (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition (Vol. 2, pp. 297-329). New
York: Guilford.
Lau, Richard R., and Erber, Ralph E. 1985. “An Information Processing Perspective on Political
Sophistication.” In S. Kraus and R. Perloff (Eds.) Mass Media and Political Thought (pp
17-39). Beverly Hills: Sage.
Lau, Richard R., and David P. Redlawsk. 2008. “Older but Wiser? Effects of Age on Political
Cognition.” Journal of Politics, 70(January): 168 - 185.
Leeper, Thomas J. and Rune Slothuus. 2014. “Political Parties, Motivated Reasoning, and
Public Opinion Formation.” Advances in Political Psychology, 35, Supplement
1(February): 129 - 156.
Lodge, Milton and Ruth Hamill. 1986. “A Partisan Schema for Political Information
Processing.” American Political Science Review, 80(June): 505-519.
McDermott, Monika L. 2005. “Candidate Occupations and Voter Information Shortcuts.”
Journal of Politics, 67(February): 201 - 219.
McDermott, Monika L. 2006. “Not for Members Only: Group Endorsements as Electoral
Information Cues.” Political Research Quarterly, 59(2): 249-258.
McGraw, Kathleen M. 2000. “Contribution of the Cognitive Approach to Political Psychology.”
Political Psychology, 21(December): 805 - 832.
McGraw, Kathleen M., and M. Dolan. 2007. “Personifying the State.” Political Psychology,
28(June): 299 - 327. [relevant to online vs memory-based processing]
Milburn, Michael A. 1987. “Ideological Self-schemata and Schematically Induced Attitude
Consistency.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 23, 383-399.
Miler, Kristina C. 2009. “The Limitations of Heuristics for Political Elites.” Political
Psychology, 30(December): 863 - 894.
-42-
Miller, Arthur H. 1986. “Partisan Cognitions in Transition.” In Richard R. Lau and David O.
Sears, (Eds.), Political cognition: The 19th annual Carnegie symposium on cognition
(pp. 203-231). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Miller, Beth. 2013. “Failing to Recall: Examining the Effects of Trace Decay and Interference
on Memory for Campaign Information.” Political Psychology, 34(June): 289 - 306.
Mondak, Jeffrey. 1994. “Cognitive Heuristics, Heuristic Processing, and Efficiency in Political
Decision Making.” In Michael Delli Carpini, Leonie Huddy, and Robert Shapiro (Eds)
Micropolitics: New Directions in Political Psychology. Greenwhich, CT: JAI Press.
Morris, James Pl, Nancy K. Squires, Charles S. Taber, and Milton Lodge. 2003. “Activation of
Political Attitudes: A Psychophysiological Examination of the Hot Cognition
Hypothesis.” Political Psychology, 24(December): 727 - 746.
Norpoth, Helmut, and Buchanan, B. 1992. Wanted: The education President. Issue trespassing
by political candidates. Public Opinion Quarterly, 56, 87-99.
Petersen, Michael Bang, Martin Skow, Soren Seeritzler, and Thomas Ramsoy. 2013.
“Motivated Reasoning and Political Parties: Evidence for Increased Processing in the
Face of Party Cues.” Political Behavior, 35(December): 831 - 854.
Richardson, B.M. 1988. “Constituency Candidates Versus Parties in Japanese Voting Behavior.”
American Political Science Review, 82, 695-718.
Richey, Sean. 2008. “The Social Basis of Correct Voting.” Political Communication, 25(4):
366 - 376.
Rivers, Doug. 1988. “Heterogeneity in Models of Electoral Choice.” American Journal of
Political Science, 32, 737-757.
Roccato, Michele, and Cristina Zogmaister. 2010. “Predicting the Vote through Implicit and
Explicit Attitudes: A Field Research.” Political Psychology, 31(April): 249 - 274.
Rosenberg, Shawn W. 1988. “The Structure of Political Thinking.” American Journal of
Political Science, 32, 539-566.
Ryan, John Barry. 2011. “Social Networks as a Shortcut to Correct Voting.” American Journal
of Political Science, 55(October): 753 - 766.
Schaffner, Brian F., and Matthew J. Streb. 2002. “The Partisan Heuristic in Low-Information
Elections.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 66(Winter): 559 - 581.
Sears, David O., Huddie, L, and Schafer, L.G. 1986. “A Schematic Variant of Symbolic Politics
Theory.” In Richard R. Lau and David O. Sears, (Eds.), Political cognition: The 19th
annual Carnegie symposium on cognition (pp. 159-202). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Sharp, C., and Lodge, M. 1985. “Partisan and Ideological Belief Systems: Do They Differ?”
Political Behavior, 7, 147-166.
Slothuus, Rune, and Claes H. de Vreese. 2010. “Political Parties, Motivated Reasoning, and
Issue Framing Effects.” Journal of Politics, 72(July): 630 - 645.
-43-
Taber, Charles S. 2003. “Information Processing and Public Opinion.” In David O. Sears,
Leonie Huddy, and Robert Jervis (Eds.) Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology (pp
433 - 476). New York: Oxford University Press.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1993. “Cognitive Structural Analysis of Political Rhetoric: Methodological
and Theoretical Issues." In S. Iyengar and M.J. McGuire (Eds.), Explorations in Political
Psychology. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Vertzberger, Yaacov Y.I. 1993. The World in their Minds: Information Processing, Cognition,
and Perception in Foreign Policy Decisionmaking. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
-44-
Date
Topic
Oct. 26
Reading:
IV. (IMPLICIT) EMOTIONAL RESPONSES IN POLITICS
Brader, Ted, and George E. Marcus. 2013. “Emotions and Political Psychology.”
Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 6.
Huddy, Leonie, Stanley Feldman, Charles Taber, and Gallya Lahav. 2005.
“Threat, Anxiety, and Support of Antiterrorism Policies.” American
Journal of Political Science, 49(July): 593 - 608.
Valentino, Nicholas A., Ted Brader, Eric W. Groenendyk, Krysha Gregorowicz,
and Vincent L. Hutchings. 2011. “Election Night’s Alright for Fighting:
The Role of Emotions in Political Participation.” Journal of Politics,
73(January): 156 - 170.
Burdein, Inna, Milton Lodge, and Charles Taber. 2006. “Experiments on the
Automaticity of Political Beliefs and Attitudes.” Political Psychology,
27(June): 359 - 371.
Redlawsk, David P., Andrew J. W. Civettini, and Karen M. Emmerson. 2010.
“The Affective Tipping Point: Do Motivated Reasoners Ever ‘Get It’?”
Political Psychology, 31(August): 563 - 594.
I want someone to do their annotated bibliography on Marcus et al’s book:
Marcus, George E., W. Russell Neuman, and Michael B. MacKuen. 2000. Affective Intelligence
and Political Judgment. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Controversy:
Ladd, Jonathan McDonald, and Gabriel S. Lenz. 2008. Reassessing the Role of
Anxiety in Vote Choice.” Political Psychology, 29(April): 275 - 296.
(See also responses by Marcus et al, and Brader, to Ladd & Lenz, and
rejoinder by Ladd and Lenz, in Political Psychology, 32, April.)
Optional:
A good recent summary of the psychological literature on emotions is provided by:
Keltner, Dacher, and Jennifer S. Lerner. 2010. “Emotion.” In Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert,
and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition, Volume 1,
Chapter 9, pp 317 - 352). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Also worth a look:
Abelson, R., Kinder, D., Peters, M., and Fiske, S. 1982. Affective and semantic components in
political person perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 619-630.
-45-
Arceneaux, Kevin. 2012. “Cognitive Biases and the Strength of Political Arguments.”
American Journal of Political Science, 56(April): 271 - 285.
Banks, Antoine J. 2014. “The Public’s Anger: White Racial Attitudes and Opinions Toward
Health Care Reform.” Political Behavior, 36(September): 493 - 514.
Banks, Antoine J., and Melissa A. Bell. 2013. “Racialized Campaign Ads: The Emotional
Content in Implicit Racial Appeals Primes White Racial Attitudes.” Public Opinion
Quarterly, 77(Summer): 549 - 560.
Banks, Antoine J, and Nicholas A. Valentino. 2012. “Emotional Substrates of White Racial
Attitudes.” American Journal of Political Science, 56(April): 286 - 297.
Bar-Tal, Daniel. 2001. “Why Does Fear Override Hope in Societies Engulfed by Intractable
Conflict, as It Does in the Israeli Society?” Political Psychology, 22(September): 601 628.
Beukeboom, Camiel J., and Gun R. Semin. 2006. “How Mood Turns on Language.” Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 42(September): 553 - 566.
Bickford, Susan. 2011. “Emotion Talk and Political Judgment.” Journal of Politics,
73(October): 1025 - 1037.
Birnbaum, M.H. 1981. Thinking and feeling: A skeptical review. American Psychologist, 36,
99-101.
Brader, Ted. 2005. “Striking a Responsive Chord: How Political Ads Motivate and Persuade
Voters by Appealing to Emotions.” American Journal of Political Science, 49(April):
388 - 405.
Brader, Ted, Nicholas A. Valentino, and Elizabeth Suhay. 2008. “What Triggers Public
Opposition to Immigration? Anxiety, Group Cues, and Immigration Threat.” American
Journal of Political Science, 52(October): 959 - 978.
Branton, Regina, Erin C. Cassese, Bradford S. Jones, and Chad Westerland. 2011. “All Along
the Watchtower: Aculturation Fear, Anti-Latino Affect, and Immigration.” Journal of
Politics, 73(July): 664 - 679.
Brewer, Paul R. 2001. “Value Words and Lizard Brains: Do Citizens Deliberate About Appeals
to Their Core Values?” Political Psychology, 22(March): 45 - 64.
Burden, Barry, and Casey A. Klofstad. 2005. “Affect and Cognition in Party Identification.”
Political Psychology, 26(December): 869 - 886.
Cacioppo, John T., Wendi L. Gardner, and Gary G. Berntson. 1999. The Affect System Has
Parallel and Integrative Processing Components: Form Follows Function. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 76(May): 839-855.
Carstensen, Laura L., Derek M. Isaacowitz, and Susan T. Charles. 1999. "Taking Time
Seriously: A Theory of Socioemotional Selectivity." American Psychologist 54(March):
165-181.
-46-
Civettini, Andrew J. W., and David P. Redlawsk. 2009. “Voters, Emotions, and Memory.”
Political Psychology, 30(February): 125 - 152.
Clark, M.S., and Fiske, S.T., editors. 1982. Affect and cognition: The 17th Annual Carnegie
Symposium on Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Conover, Pamela J., and Stanley Feldman. 1986. “Emotional reactions to the economy.”
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V. GROUPS
Date
Topic
Nov. 2
The Social Psychology of Groups and Group Relations
Reading:
Yzerbyt, Vincent, and Stephanie Demoulin. 2010. “Intergroup Relations.” In
Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of
Social Psychology (5th edition, Volume 2, Chapter 28, pp 1024 - 1083).
Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Eidelson, R.J., and J.I. Eidelson. 2003. “Dangerous Ideas: Five Beliefs that
Propel Groups toward Conflict.” American Psychologist, 58(February):
182 - 192.
Huddy, Leonie. 2013. “From Group Identity to Political Cohesion and
Commitment.” Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 23.
Klandermans, Bert, and Jacquelien van Stekelenburg. 2013. “Social Movements
and the Dynamics of Collective Action.” Oxford Handbook of Political
Psychology, Ch. 24.
Optional:
Other good recent summaries of the social psychology literature on intergroup relations are
provided by:
Dovidio, John F., and Samuel L. Gaertner. 2010. “Intergroup Bias.” In Susan T. Fiske, Daniel
T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition,
Volume 2, pp 1084 - 1121). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
and
Fiske, Susan T. 2010. “Interpersonal Stratification: Status, Power, and Subordination.” In
Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social
Psychology (5th edition, Volume 2, pp 941 - 982). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Also worth a look:
Blascovich, Jim, Natalie A. Wyer, Laura A. Swart, and Jeffrey L. Kibler. 1997. “Racism and
Racial Categorization.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(June): 13641372.
Bornstein, Tamar K., and Anthony Ziegelmeyer. 2004. “Individual and Group Decisions in the
Centipede Game: Are Groups More ‘Rational’ Players?” Journal of Experimental Social
Psychology, 40(September): 599-605.
Branscombe, Nyla R., Michael T. Schmidt, and Richard D. Harvey. 1999. “Perceiving Pervasive
Discrimination Among African Americans: Implications for Group Identification and
Well-Being.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(July): 135-149.
Brewer, Marilynn B. 1979. In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitivemotivational analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 307-324.
-53-
Brewer, Marilynn B., and Rupert J. Brown. 1998. “Intergroup Relations.” In Daniel Gilbert,
Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume
Two, 4th Edition, pp. 554 - 594). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Brewer, Marilynn B., and Wendi Gardner. 1996. "Who Is This 'We'? Levels of Collective
Identity and Self Representations.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
71(July): 83-93.
Brewer, Marilynn, Joseph G. Weber, and Barbara Carini. 1995. "Person Memory in Intergroup
Contexts: Categorization versus Individuation." Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 69(July): 29-40.
Burke, P.J. 2004. “Identities and Social Structure.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 67(March):
5-15.
Cadinu, Maria Rosaria, and Myron Rothbart. 1996. "Self-Anchoring and Differentiation
Processes in the Minimal Group Setting." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
70(April): 661-677.
Cehajic, Sabina, Rupert Brown, and Emanuel Castano. 2008. “Forgive and Forget?
Antecedents and Consequences of Intergroup Forgiveness in Bosnia and Herzegovina.”
Political Psychology, 29(June): 351 - 368.
Cota, Albert A., Charles R. Evans, Kenneth L. Dion, Lindy Kilik, and R. Stewart Longman.
1995. "The Structure of Group Cohesion." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
21(June): 572-580.
Craemer, Thomas. 2008. “Nonconscious Feelings of Closeness toward African Americans and
Support for Pro-Black Policies.” Political Psychology, 29(June): 407 - 436.
Craemer, Thomas. 2010. “Possible Implicit Mechanisms of Minority Representation.” Political
Psychology, forthcoming.
Crocker, J. and Luhtanen, R. 1990. Collective self-esteem and ingroup bias. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 60-67.
Deaux, Kay, Anne Reid, Kim Mizrahi, and Kathleen A. Ethier. 1995. "Parameters of Social
Identity." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(February): 280-291.
Dovidio, John F., and Samuel L. Gaertner. 2010. “Intergroup Bias.” In Susan T. Fiske, Daniel
T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition,
Volume 2, Chapter 29, pp 1084 - 1121). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Dovidio, John F., Samuel L. Gaertner, Alice M. Isen, and Robert Lawrence. 1995. "Group
Representations and Intergroup Bias: Positive Affect, Similarity, and Group Size."
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(August): 856-865.
Duckitt, John. 2003. “Prejudice and Intergroup Hostility.” In David O. Sears, Leonie Huddy,
and Robert Jervis (Eds.). Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology (Chapter 16, pp 559 - 600).
New York: Oxford University Press.
-54-
Duckitt, John, and Thobi Mphuthing. 1998. “Group Identification and Intergroup Attitudes: A
Longitudinal Analysis in South Africa.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
74(January): 80-85.
Ethier, Kathleen A., and Kay Deaux. 1994. "Negotiating Social Identity When Contexts Change:
Maintaining Identification and Responding to Threat." Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 67(August): 243-251.
Festinger, Leon. 1954. “A Theory of Social Comparison.” Human Relations, 7, 117-140.
Fiske, Susan T. 2010. “Interpersonal Stratification: Status, Power, and Subordination.” In
Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social
Psychology (5th edition, Volume 2, Chapter 26, pp 941 - 982). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
& Sons.
Fiske, Susan T. 1998. “Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination.” In Daniel Gilbert, Susan T.
Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume Two, 4th
Edition, pp. 357 - 411). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Forgas, Joseph P., and Klaus Fiedler. 1996. "Us and Them: Mood Effects on Intergroup
Discrimination." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(January): 28-40.
Foster, Mindi D., and Kimberly Matheson. 1995. "Double Relative Deprivation: Combining the
Personal and Political." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(November):
1167-1178.
Gaertner, Lowell, and Chester A. Insko. 2000. “Intergroup Discrimination in the Minimal Group
Paradigm: Categorization, Reciprocity, or Fear?” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology 79(July): 77 - 94.
Halabi, Samer, John F. Dovidio, and Arie Nadler, 2008. “When and How Do High Status Group
Members Offer Help: Effects of Social Dominance Orientation and Status Threat.”
Political Psychology, 29(December): 841 - 858.
Hannagan, Rebecca J., and Christopher W. Larimer. 2010. “Does Gender Composition Affect
Group Decision Outcomes? Evidence from a Laboratory Experiment.” Political
Behavior, 32(March): 51 - 68.
Hegarty, Peter, and Felicia Pratto. 2001. “The Effects of Social Category Norms and Stereotypes
on Explanations for Intergroup Differences.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology 80(May): 723 - 735.
Hewstone, Miles, Mir Rabiul Islam, and Charles M. Judd. 1993. "Models of Crossed
Categorization and Intergroup Relations." Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 64(May): 779 - 793.
Hyman, H.H., and Singer, E. (Eds.). Readings in Reference Group Theory and Research. New
York: Free Press.
Implicit Prejudice and Stereotyping: See special section of Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, November 2001 (Volume 81).
-55-
Islam, Mir Rabiul, and Miles Hewstone. 1993. "Intergroup Attributions and Affective
Consequences in Majority and Minority Groups." Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 64(June): 936-950.
Johnson, Amy L, Matthew T. Crawford, Steven J. Sherman, Abraham M. Rutchick, David L.
Hamilton, Mario B. Ferreira, and John V. Petrocelli. 2006. “A Functional Perspective on
Group Memberships: Differential Need Fulfillment in a Group Typology.” Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 42(November): 707 - 719.
Jonas, K.J., and K. Sassenberg. 2006. “Knowing How to React: Automatic Response Priming
From Social Categories.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(May):
709-721.
Joslyn, Mark R. 1997. “The Public Nature of Personal Opinion: The Impact of Collective
Sentiment on Individual Appraisal.” Political Behavior, 19(December): 337-364.
Klandermans, Bert., Merel Werner, and Marjoka van Doorn. 2008. “Redeeming Apartheid’s
Legacy: Collective Guild, Political Ideology, and Compensation.” Political Psychology,
29(June): 331 - 350.
Knowles, E.D., and K. Peng. 2005. “White Selves: Conceptualizing and Measuring a
Dominant-Group Identity.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(August):
223 - 241.
Krueger, Joachimm, and Russell W. Clement. 1994. "Memory-Based Judgments About Multiple
Categories: A Revision and Extension of Tajfel's Accentuation Theory." Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 67(July): 35 - 47.
Lau, Richard R. 1983. "A Preliminary Report on Social Identification, Reference Groups, and
Political Behavior: The Importance of Social, Political, and Psychological Contexts."
Paper delivered at the 1993 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science
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Lau, Richard R. 1989. "Individual and Contextual Influences on Group Identification." Social
Psychology Quarterly, 52(September): 220 - 231.
Lee, Yuch-Ting, and Victor Ottati. 1995. "Perceived In-group Homogeneity as a Function of
Group Membership Salience and Stereotype Threat." Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 21(June): 610 - 619.
Levy, Sheir R., Steven J. Stroessner, and Carol S. Dweck. 1998. “Stereotype Formation and
Endorsement: The Role of Implicit Theories.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 74(June): 1421 - 1436.
Linville, Patricia W., Gregory W. Fischer, and Carolyn Yoon. 1996. "Perceived Covariation
Among the Features of Ingroup and Outgroup Members: The Outgroup Covariation
Effect." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(March): 421 - 436.
Mummendey, Amelie, Kessler, Thomas, Klink, Andreas, and Mielke, Rosemarie. 1999.
“Strategies to Cope with Negative Social Identity: Predictions by Social Identity Theory
and Relative Deprivation Theory.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
76(February): 229 - 245.
-56-
Mullen, B. 1991. “Group Composition, Salience, and Cognitive Representations: The
Phenomenology of Being in a Group.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27,
297 - 323.
Mussweiler, T. 2003. “Comparison Processes in Social Judgment: Mechanisms and
Consequences.” Psychological Review, 110(3): 472 - 489.
Newman, Benjamin J., Todd K. Hartman, and Charles S. Taber. 2014. “Social Dominance and
the Cultural Politics of Immigration.” Political Psychology 35(April): 165 - 186.
Noel, Jeffrey G., Daniel L. Wann, and Nyla R. Branscombe. 1995. "Peripheral Ingroup
Membership Status and Public Negativity Toward Outgroups." Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 68(January): 127 - 137.
Ostron, Thomas M., Sandra L. Carpenter, Constantine Sedikides, and Fan Li. 1993. "Differential
Processing of In-Group and Out-Group Information." Journal of Personality and Social
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Parker, Suzanne L., Glenn R. Parker, and James A. McCann. 2008. “Opinion Taking within
Friendship Networks.” American Journal of Political Science, 52(April): 412 - 420.
Robinson, W. Peter (ed.). 1996. Social Groups and Identities: Developing the Legacy of Henri
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Rothgerber, Hank. 1997. “External Intergroup Threat as an Antecedent to Perceptions of InGroup and Out-Group Homogeneity.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
73(December): 1191 - 1205.
Rothgerber, Hank, and Stephen Worchel. 1997. “The View from Below: Intergroup Relations
from the Perspective of the Disadvantaged Group.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 73(December): 1191 - 1205.
Ruggiero, Karen M., and Donald M. Taylor. 1997. "Why Minority Group Members Perceive or
Do Not Perceive the Discrimination that Confronts Them: The Role of Self-Esteem and
Perceived Control." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72:(February): 373 389.
Ryan, Carey S., and Laura M. Bogart. 1997. “Development of New Group Members’ In-Group
and Out-Group Stereotypes: Changes in Perceived Group Variability and Ethnocentrism.”
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"The Self and the Collective." Special issue of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
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Sellers, Robert M., Stephanie A. J. Rowley, Tabbye M. Chavous, J. Nicole Shelton, and Mia A.
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Shah, J. 2003. “Automatic for the People: How Representations of Significant Others Implicitly
Affect Goal Pursuit.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4): 661 - 681
-57-
Simon, Bernd, and David L. Hamilton. 1994. "Self-Stereotyping and Social Context: The Effects
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310 - 320.
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Smith, Eliot R., Julie Murphy, and Susan Coats. 1999. “Attachment to Groups: Theory and
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of Personality, 75(December): 1083 - 1102.
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VanVugt, M, and C.M. Hart 2004. “Social Identity as Social Glue: The Origins of Group
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Vugt, Mark Van, and David De Cremer. 1999. “Leadership in Social Dilemmas: The Effects of
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Personality and Social Psychology, 76(April): 587 - 599.
Waldzus, Sven, Amelie Mummendey, Michael Wenzel, and Ulrike Weber. 2003. “Towards
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Date
Nov. 9
Reading:
Topic
Political Groups/Political Identities
Huckfeldt, Robert, Jeffery J. Mondak, et al. 2013. “Networks, Interdependence,
and Social Influences in Politics.” Oxford Handbook of Political
Psychology, Ch. 21.
Miller, Arthur H., Gurin, P., Gurin, G., and Malanchuk, O. 1981. “Group
Consciousness and Political Participation.” American Journal of Political
Science, 25(June): 494-511.
Conover, Pamela J., and Virginia Sapiro. 1993. Gender, feminist consciousness,
and war. American Journal of Political Science, 37, 1079-1099.
Huckfeldt, Robert R., Jeanette Morehouse Mendez, and Tracy Osborn. 2004.
“Disagreement, Ambivalence, and Engagement: The Political
Consequences of Heterogeneous Social Networks.” Political Psychology,
25(February): 65-96.
Siegel, David A. 2009. “Social Networks and Collective Action.” American
Journal of Political Science, 53(January): 122 - 138.
Brader, Ted, Nicholas A. Valentino, and Elizabeth Suhay. 2008. “What Triggers
Public Opposition to Immigration? Anxiety, Group Cues, and Immigration
Threat.” American Journal of Political Science, 52(October): 959 - 978.
Optional:
Abdelai, Rawi, Yoshiko M. Herrera, Alastair I. Johnston, and Rose McDermott. 2006. “Identity
as a Variable.” Perspectives on Politics, 4(December): 695 - 711.
Aldag, R.J., and Fuller, S.R. 1993. Beyond fiasco: A reappraisal of the groupthink phenomenon
and a new model of group decision processes. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 533-552.
Althaus, Scott L., and Kevin Coe. 2011. “Priming Patriots: Social Identity Processes and the
Dynamics of Public Support for War.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 75(Spring): 65 - 88.
Baybeck, Brady. 2006. “Sorting Out the Competing Effects of Racial Context.” Journal of
Politics, 68(May): 386 - 396.
Beck, Paul A. 1991. “Voters' intermediation environments in the 1988 presidential contest.”
Public Opinion Quarterly, 55, 371-394.
Beck, Paul A. 2002. “Encouraging Political Defections: The Role of Personal Discussion
Networks in Partisan Desertions to the Opposition Party and Perot Votes in 1992.”
Political Behavior: 24(December): 309-338.
Berelson, B.R., Lazarsfeld, P.F., and McPhee, W.N. 1954. Voting: A Study of Opinion
Formation in a Presidential Campaign. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
-59-
Bledsoe, T., Welch, S., Sigelman, L., and Combs, M. 1995. “Residential Contest and Racial
Solidarity among African Americans.” American Journal of Political Science, 39(May):
434-458.
Bolce, Louis, and Gerald De Maio. 1999. “The Anti-Christian Fundamentalist Factor in
Contemporary Politics.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 63 (Winter): 508-542.
Brader, Ted, Nicholas A. Valentino, and Elizabeth Suhay. 2008. “What Triggers Public
Opposition to Immigration? Anxiety, Group Cues, and Immigration Threat.” American
Journal of Political Science, 52(October): 959 - 978.
Brader, Ted, Joshua A. Tucker, and Andrew Therriault. 2014. Cross Pressure Scores: An
Individual-Level Measure of Cumulative Partisan Pressures Arising from Social Group
Memberships.” Political Behavior, 36(March): 23 - 51.
Brewer, Marilynn B. 2001. “The Many Faces of Social Identity: Implications for Political
Psychology.” Political Psychology, 22(March): 115 - 126.
Chong, Dennis, and Dukhong Kim. 2006. “The Experiences and Effects of Economic Status
Among Racial and Ethnic Minorities.” American Political Science Review, 100(August):
335 - 352.
Chong, Dennis, and Ruel Rogers. 2005. “Racial Solidarity and Political Participation.”
Political Behavior, 27(4): 347 - 374.
Citrin, Jack, Amy Lerman, Michael Murakami, and Kathryn Pearson. 2007. “Testing
Huntington: Is Hispanic Immigration a Threat to American Identity?” Perspectives on
Politics, 5(March): 31 - 48.
Cohen, Geoffrey L. 2003. “Party Over Policy: The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on
Political Beliefs.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(November): 808 822.
Collett, Christian. 2005. “Bloc Voting, Polarization, and the Panethnic Hypothesis: The Case of
Little Saigon.” Journal of Politics, 67(August): 907 - 933.
Conover, Pamela J. 1984. “The Influence of Group Identifications of Political Perception and
Evaluation.” Journal of Politics, 46, 760-785.
Conover, Pamela J. 1988. “The Role of Social Groups in Political Thinking.” British Journal of
Political Science, 18(January): 51-76.
Conover, Pamela J., Donald D. Searing, and Ivor Crewe. 2004. “The Elusive Ideal of equal
Citizenship: Political Theory and Political Psychology in the United States and Great
Britain.” Journal of Politics, 66(November): 1036 - 1068.
Cook, A.A. 1993. Feminist consciousness and candidate preference among American women,
1972-1988. Political Behavior, 15, 227-247.
Davis, Thomas C. 1999. “Revisiting Group Attachment: Ethnic and National Identity.” Political
Psychology, 20(March): 25-48.
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Dennis, Jack. 1987. Groups and political behavior: Legitimation, deprivation, and competing
values. Political Behavior, 9, 323-373.
Dixon, John , Kevin Durrheim, Ciolin G. Tredoux, Linda R. Trapp, Beverley Clack, Liberty
Eaton, and Michael Quayle. 2010. “Challenging the Stubborn core of Opposition to
Equality: Racial Contact and Policy Attitudes.” Political Psychology, 31(December): 830
- 856.
Dunleavy, P. 1988. Group identities and individual influence: Reconstructing the theory of
interest groups. British Journal of Political Science, 18, 21-49.
Eulau, H. 1956. Identification with class and political role behavior. Public Opinion Quarterly,
20, 515-529.
Eulau, H., and Rothenberg, L. 1986. Life space and social networks as political contexts.
Political Behavior, 8, 130-157.
Gay, Claudine. 2004. “Putting Race in Context: Identifying the Environmental Determinants of
Black Racial Attitudes.” American Political Science Review, 98(November): 547-562.
Gibson, James L. 2006. “Do Strong Group Identities Fuel Intolerance? Evidence from the
South African Case.” Political Psychology, 27(October): 665 - 705.
Gibson, James L. 2004. “Does Truth Lead to Reconciliation? Testing the Causal Assumptions of
the South African Truth and Reconciliation Process.” American Journal of Political
Science, 48(April): 201-217.
Gibson, James L. 2008. “Group Identities and Theories of Justice: An Experimental
Investigation into the Justice and Injustice of Land Squatting in South Africa.” Journal of
Politics, 70(July): 700 - 716.
Gibson, James L., and Amanda Gouws. 2002. Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa:
Experiments in Democratic Persuasion. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gibson, James L., and M.M. Howard. 2007. “Russian Anti-Semitism and the Scapegoating of
Jews.” British Journal of Political Science, 37(2): 193 - 224.
Giles, M.W., and Hertz, K. 1994. Racial threat and partisan identification. American Political
Science Review, 88, 317-326.
Glaser, J.M. (1994). Back to the Black belt: Racial environment and white racial attitudes in the
South. Journal of Politics, 56, 21-41.
Golebiowska, Ewa A. 2003. “When to Tell: Disclosure of Concealable Group Membership,
Stereotypes, and Political Evaluation.” Political Behavior: 25(December): 313-338.
Green, Donald P. l988. On the dimensionality of public sentiment toward partisan and
ideological groups. American Journal of Political Science, 32, 758-780.
Guimond, S; Dambrun, M; Michinov, N; Duarte, S. 2003. “Does Social Dominance Generate
Prejudice? Integrating Individual and Contextual Determinants of Intergroup
Cognitions.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4): 697-721.
-61-
Gurin, Patricia. 1985. “Women’s Gender Consciousness.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 49(2):
143 - 163.
Gurin, P., Miller, A.H., and Gurin, G. 1980. Stratum identification and consciousness. Social
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Gurin, P. and Townsend, A. 1986. Properties of gender identity and their implications for gender
consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 139-148.
Hancock, Ange-Marie. 2007. “When Multiplication Doesn’t Equal Quick Addition: Examining
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Henry, P.J., Jim Sidanius, Shana Levin, and Felicia Pratto. 2005. “Social Dominance
Orientation, Authoritarianism, and Support for Intergroup Violence Between the Middle
East and America.” Political Psychology, 26(August): 569 584.
Herrmann, Richard K., Pierangelo Isernia, and Paola Segatti. 2009. “Attachment to the Nation
and International Relations: Dimensions of Identity and their Relationship to War and
Peace.” Political Psychology, 30(October): 721 - 754.
Hopkins, Nick. 2011. Dual Identities and Their Recognition: Minority Group Members’
Perspectives.” Political Psychology, 32(April): 151-270.
Huckfeldt, Robert R. 1979. Political participation and the neighborhood social context.
American Journal of Political Science, 23, 579-592.
Huckfeldt, Robert R. 1986. Politics in context: Assimilation and conflict in urban
neighborhoods. New York: Agathon Press.
Huckfeldt, Robert R. 2014. “Networks, Contexts, and the Combinatorial Dynamics of
Democratic Politics.” Advances in Political Psychology, 35, Supplement 1(February):
43 - 68.
Huckfeldt, Robert R., Beck, Paul A., Dalton, R.J., and Levine, J. 1995. Political environments,
cohesive social groups, and the communication of public opinion. American Journal of
Political Science, 39, 1025-1054.
Huckfeldt, Robert R., and Jeanette Morehouse Mendez. 2008. “Moths, Flames, and Political
Engagement: Managing Disagreement within Communication Networks.” Journal of
Politics, 70(January): 83 - 96.
Huckfeldt, Robert R., and John Sprague. 1987. “Networks in Context: The Social Flow of
Political Information.” American Political Science Review, 81(December): 1197 - 1216.
Huckfeldt, Robert R., and John Sprague. 1995. Citizens, Politics, and Social Communication:
Information and Influence in an Election Campaign. New York: Cambridge University
Pres
Huddy, Leonie. 2001. “From Social to Political Identity: A Critical Examination of Social
Identity Theory.” Political Psychology, 22(March): 127 - 156.
-62-
Huddy, Leonie, Lilliana Mason, and Lene Aaroe. 2015. “Expressive Partisanship: Campaign
Involvement, Political Emotion, and Partisan Identity.” American Political Science
Review, 109 (February): 1 - 17.
Janis, Irvine L. 1972. Victims of Groupthink. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Jelen, Ted G. 1992. Political Christianity: A contextual analysis. American Journal of Political
Science, 36, 692-714.
Kenny, C.B. 1992. Political participation and effects from the social environment. American
Journal of Political Science, 36, 259-267.
Kinder, Donald R., and Allison Dale-Riddle. 2012. The End of Race? Obama, 2008, and
Racial Politics in America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Klandermans, P.G. 2014. “Identity Politics and Politicized Identities: Identify Processes and the
Dynamics of Protest. Political Psychology, 35(February): 1 - 22.
Klar, Samara. 2014. “Partisanship in a Social Setting.” American Journal of Political Science,
58(July): 687 - 704.
Klofstad, Casey A., Anand Edward Sokhey, and Scott D. McClurg. 2013. “Disagreeing about
Disagreement: How Conflicts in Social Networks Affects Political Behavior.” American
Journal of Political Science, 57(January): 120 - 134.
Koch, J.W. 1993. Assessments of group influence, subjective political competence, and interestgroup membership. Political Behavior, 15, 309-326.
Krause, George A., and James W. Douglas. 2013. “Organizational Structure and the Optimal
Design of Policymaking Panels: Evidence from Consensus Group Commissions’
Revenue Forecasts in the American States.” American Journal of Political Science,
57(January): 135 - 149.
Barry project
Lau, Richard R. 1989. Individual and contextual influences on group identification. Social
Psychology Quarterly, 52, 220-231.
Lazarsfeld, P.F., Berelson, B.R., and Gaudet, H. 1944. The People's Choice. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Leach, Colin Wayne, and Wendy R. Williams. 1999. “Group Identity and Conflicting
Expectations of the Future in Northern Ireland.” Political Psychology, 20(December):
875-896.
Leighley, Jan E. 1996. "Group Membership and the Mobilization of Political Participation."
Journal of Politics, 58(May):447-463.
Leighley, Jan E., and Arnold Vedlitz. 1999. "Race, Ethnicity, and Political Participation:
Competing Models and Contrasting Explanations." Journal of Politics, 61(November):
1092 - 1114.
Levin, Shana. 2004. “Perceived group Status Differences and the Effects of Gender, Ethnicity,
and Religion on Social Dominance Orientation.” Political Psychology, 25(February): 3148.
-63-
Levin, Shana, and Sidanius, Jim. 1999. “Social Dominance and Social Identity in the United
Stats and Israel: Ingroup Favoritism or Outgroup Derogation?” Political Psychology,
20(March): 99-126.
Lien, P. 1994. Ethnicity and political participation: A comparison between Asian and Mexican
Americans. Political Behavior, 16, 237-264.
Link, M.W., and Oldendick, R.W. 1996. Social construction and white attitudes toward equal
opportunity and multiculturalism. Journal of Politics, 58, 149-168.
Mangum, Maurice. 2003. “Psychological Involvement and Black Voter Turnout.” Political
Research Quarterly, 56(1): 41 - .
Masuoka, N. 2006. “Together They Become One: Examining the Predictors of Panethnic
Group Consciousness Among Asian Americans and Latinos.” Social Science Quarterly,
87(5): 993-1011.
McCauley, C. 1989. The nature of social influence in Groupthink: Compliance and
internalization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 250-260.
McClain, Paula. 2006. Presidential Address: “Racial Intergroup Relations in a Set of Cities: A
Twenty-Year Perspective.” Journal of Politics, 68(November): 757 - 770.
McClain, Paula D., Jessica D. Johnson Carew, Eugene Walton, Jr., and Candis S. Watts. 2009.
“Group Membership, Group Identity, and Group Consciousness: Measures of Racial
Identity in American Politics?” Annual Review of Political Science, 12: 471-485.
McClosky, H., and Dahlgren, H.E. 1959. Primary group influence on party loyalty. American
Journal of Political Science, 53, 757-776.
Miller, Warren E. 1956. “One-party politics and the voter.” American Political Science Review,
50, 707-725.
Mitchell, W.C., and Munger, Michael C. 1991. Economic models of interest groups: An
introductory survey. American Journal of Political Science, 35, 512-546.
Monroe, Kristen R. 2001. “Morality and a Sense of Self: The Importance of Identity and
Categorization for Moral Action.” American Journal of Political Science, 45(July): 491 507.
Monroe, Kristen R. 2008. “Cracking the Code of Genocide: The Moral Psychology of Rescuers,
Bystanders, and Nazis during the Holocaust.” Political Psychology, 29 (October): 699 736.
Mutz, Diana C. 1998. Impersonal Influence: How Perceptions of Mass Collectives Affect
Political Attitudes. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mutz, Diana C., and Jeffrey J. Mondak. 1997. “Dimensions of Sociotropic Behavior: GroupBased Judgements of Fairness and Well-Being.” American Journal of Political Science,
41(January): 284-308.
-64-
Nail, P.R.; Harton, H.C.; Decker, B.P. 2003. Political Orientation and Modern Versus Aversive
Racism: Tests of Dovidio and Gaertner's (1998) Integrated Model. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4): 754-770.
Oliver, J. Eric, and Tali Mendelberg. 2000. “Reconsidering the Environmental Determinants of
Racial Attitudes.” American Journal of Political Science, 44(October): 574-589.
Oliver, J. Eric, and Janelle Wong. 2003. “Intergroup Prejudice in Multiethnic Settings.”
American Journal of Political Science, 47(October): 567-582.
Olsen, Marvin. 1970. “Social and Political Participation of Blacks.” American Sociological
Review, 35(4): 682 - 697.
Paolino, Philip. 1995. Group-salient issues and group representation: Support for Women
candidates in the 1992 senate elections. American Journal of Political Science, 39, 294313.
Paxton, Pamela, and Anthony Mughan. 2006. “What’s to Fear from Immigrants? Creating an
Assimilationist Threat Scale.” Political Psychology, 27(August):549 - 568.
Perez, Efren O. 2015. “Richochet: How Elite Discourse Politicizes Racial and Ethnic
Identities.” Political Behavior, 37(March): 155 - 180.
Petro, Gregory A. 2010. “The Minimal Cue Hypothesis: How Black Candidates Cue Race to
Increase White Voting Participation.” Political Psychology, 31(December): 915 - 950.
Pratto, Felicia, Jim Sidanius, Lisa M. Stallworth, and Bertram F. Malle. 1994. "Social
Dominance Orientation: A Personality Variable Predicting Social and Political
Attitudes." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(October): 741-763.
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conflict. Public Opinion Quarterly, 53, 197-224.
Putnam, Robert D. 1966. Political attitudes and the local community. American Political
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Rapoport, R.B, Stone, W.J., and Abramowitz, A.I. 1991. “Do Endorsements Matter? Group
Influence in the 1984 Democratic Caucuses.” American Political Science Review, 85,
193-204.
Rhodebeck, L.A. 1981. Group deprivation: An alternative model for explaining collective
political action. Micropolitics, 1, 239-267.
Rhodebeck, L.A. 1993. The politics of greed? Political preferences among the elderly. Journal
of Politics, 55, 342-364.
Rhodebeck, L.A. 1994. Contextual determinants of feminist identity. Unpublished manuscript,
SUNY Buffalo.
Ross, Marc Howard. 2001. “Psychocultural Interpretations and Dramas: Identity Dynamics in
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-65-
Rubin, Mark, and Miles Hewstone. 2004. “Social Identify, System Justification, and Social
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Sambanis, Nicholas, and Moses Shayo. 2013. “Social Identification and Ethnic Conflict.”
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Schatz, Robert T., Ervin Staub, and Howard Lavine. 1999. “On the Varieties of National
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Sears, David O., M. Fu, P.J. Henry, and K Bui. 2003. “The Origins and Persistence of Ethnic
Identity Among the "New Immigrant" Groups.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 66(4):
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Schildkraut, Deborah J. 2007. “Defining American Identity in the Twenty-First Century: How
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Shayo, Moses. 2009. “A Model of Social Identity with an Application to Political Economy:
Nation, Class, and Redistribution.” American Political Science Review, 103(May): 147 174.
Shingles, Richard. 1981. “Black Consciousness and Political Participation: the Missing Link.”
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Sidanius, Jim, Felicia Pratto, and Lawrence Bobo. 1994. "Social Dominance Orientation and the
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Sidanius, Jim, Felicia Pratto, and Lawrence Bobo. 1996. "Racism, Conservatism, Affirmative
Action, and Intellectual Sophistication: A Matter of Principled Conservatism or Group
Dominance?" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(March): 476-490.
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Politicized Collective Identity is a Dual Identity.” Political Psychology, 31(October):
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Claudia Kampmeier, and Peter Spahlinger. 1998. “Collective Identification and Social
Movement Participation.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(March):
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Staton, Jeffrey K., Robert A. Jackson, and Damarys Canache. 2007. “Dual Nationality Among
Latinos: What Are the Implications for Political Connectedness?” Journal of Politics,
69(May): 470 - 482.
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Staub, Ervin. 2006. “Reconciliation after Genocide, Mass Killing, or Intractable Conflict:
Understanding the Roots of Violence, Psychological Recovery, and Steps toward a
General Theory.” Political Psychology, 27(December): 867 - 894.
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Suhay, Elizabeth. 2015. “Explaining Group Influence: The Role of Identity and Emotion in
Political Conformity and Polarization.” Political Behavior, 37(March): 221 - 251.
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Welch, M.R., and Leege, D.C. 1991. Dual reference groups and political orientations: An
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35, 28-56.
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White, Ismail K. 2007. “When Race Matters and When It Doesn’t: Racial Group Differences in
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Dynamics of Group Politics: 1964 - 1992.” Political Behavior, 19 (September): 247 281.
Zuckerman, Alan S., Valentino, Nicholas A., and Zuckerman, E.W. 1994. “A Structural Theory
of Vote Choice: Social and Political Networks and Electoral Flows in Britain and the
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VI. POLITICAL DECISION MAKING
Date
Nov. 16
Reading:
Topic
Behavioral Decision Theory
Hastie and Dawes. 2001. Rational Choice in an Uncertain World.
Chong, Dennis. 2013. “Degrees of Rationality in Politics.” Oxford Handbook of
Political Psychology, Ch. 4.
Redlawsk, David P, and Richard R. Lau. 2013. “Behavioral Decision Making.”
Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 5.
Quattrone, George A. and Amos Tversky. 1988. “Contrasting Rational and
Psychological Analyses of Political Choice.” American Political Science
Review, 82(September): 719-736.
Optional:
A good recent summary of the psychological literature on decision making is provided by:
Gilovich, Thomas D., and Dale W. Griffin. 2010. “Judgment and Decision Making.” In Susan
T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert, and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology
(5th edition, Volume 1, pp 542 - 588). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Also worth a look:
Abelson, R.P., and Deci, A. 1985. Decision making and decision theory. In G. Lindzey and E.
Aronson (Eds.) the handbook of social psychology (3rd edition, Vol. 1, pp. 213-310).
Ashworth, Scott, and Ethan Bueno de Mesquita. 2014. “Is Voter Competence Good for Voters?:
Information, Rationality, and Democratic Performance.” American Political Science
Review, 108(August): 565 - 587.
Brandstatter, Edouard, Gerd Gigerenzer, and Ralph Hertwig. 2006. “The Priority Heuristic:
Making Choices without Trade-Offs.” Psychological Review, 113(April): 409 - 432.
Bar-Tal, Yoram, Liat Kishon-Rabin, and Nili Tabak. 1997. “The Effect of Need and Ability to
Achieve Cognitive Structuring on Cognitive Structuring.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 73(December): 1158-1176.
Bastardi, Anthony, and Eldar Shafir. 1998. “On the Pursuit and Misuse of Useless Information.”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(July): 19-32.
Carroll, John S., Eric J. Johnson. 1990. Decision research: A Field Guide. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Conway, L.G., and M. Schaller. 2005. “When Authorities' Commands Backfire: Attributions
About Consensus and Effects on Deviant Decision Making.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 89(September): 311-326.
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Conway, Michael, and Sonstantina Giannopoulos. 1993. "Dysphoria and Decision Making:
Limited Information Use for Evaluations of Multiattribute Targets." Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 64(April): 613-623.
Dawes, Robyn M. 1979. The robust beauty of improper linear models in decision making.
American Psychologist, 34, 571-582.
Dawes, Robyn M. 1998. “Behavioral Decision Making and Judgment. In Daniel Gilbert, Susan
T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey, eds., The Handbook of Social Psychology (Volume Two,
4th Edition, pp. 497 - 548). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Dijksterhuis, Ap. 2004. “Think Different: The Merits of Unconscious Thought in Preference
Development and Decision Making.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
87(November): 586 - 598.
Dijksterhuis, Ap, and L. F. Nordgren. 2006. “A Theory of Unconscious Thought.” Perspectives
on Psychological Science.
Dijksterhuis, Ap, and Zeger van Olden. 2006. “On the Benefits of Thinking Unconsciously:
Unconscious Thought Can Increase Post-Choice Satisfaction.” Journal of Experimental
Social Psychology, 42(September): 627 - 631.
Eckles, David L., and Brian F. Schaffner. 2011. “Risk Tolerance and Support for Potential
Military Interventions.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 75(Fall): 5533 - 544.
Einhorn, H.J., and Hogarth, R.M. 1978. Confidence in judgment: Persistence of the illusion of
validity. Psychological Review, 85, 395-416.
Einhorn, H.J., and Hogarth, R.M. 1981. Behavioral decision theory: Processes of judgment and
choice. Annual Review of Psychology, 32, 53-88.
Ferreira, M.B., L. Garcia Marques, S. Jim Sherman, and J.W. Sherman. 2006. “Automatic and
Controlled Components of Judgment and Decision Making.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 91(November): 797-813.
Frisch, D., and Clemen, R.T. 1994. Beyond expected utility: Rethinking behavioral decision
research. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 46-54.
Gigerenzer, Gerd. 2008. “Why Heuristics Work.” Perspectives on Psychological Science,
3(January): 20 - 29.
Granberg, Donald, and Thad A. Brown. 1995. "The Monty Hall Dilemma." Personality and
Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(July): 711-723.
Highhouse, Scott, and Paul W. Paese. 1995. "Problem Domain and Prospect Frame: Choice
Under Opportunity Versus Threat." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
22(February): 124-132.
Hodges, Sara D. 1997. “When Matching up Features Messes up Decisions: The Role of Feature
Matching in Successive Choices.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
72(June): 1310-1321.
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Jonas, Eva, Stefan Schulz-Hardt, Dieter Frey, and Norman Thelen. 2001. “Confirmation Bias in
Sequential Information Search After Preliminary Decisions: An Expansion of Dissonance
Theoretical Research on Selective Exposure to Information.” Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology 80(April): 557 - 571.
Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., and Tversky, A., editors. 1982. Judgement under uncertainty:
Heuristics and biases. New York: Cambridge.
Kahneman, D., and Tversky, A. 1972. Subjective probability: A judgment of representativeness.
Cognitive Psychology, 3, 430-454.
Kam, Cindy D. 2007. “When Duty Calls, Do Citizens Answer?” Journal of Politics,
69(February): 17 - 29.
Kameda, Tatsuya, and Ryo Tamura. 2007. “‘To Eat of Not to be Eaten?’ Collective RiskMonitoring in Groups.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(March): 168 179.
Kruger, Justin, and Matt Evans. 2004. “If You Don’t Want to be Late, Enumerate: Unpacking
Reduces the Planning Fallacy” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,
40(September): 586-598.
Levendusky, Matthew S., and Michael C. Horowitz. 2012. “When Backing Down Is the Right
Decision: Partisanship, New Information, and Audience Costs.” Journal of Politics,
74(April): 323 - 338.
Liberman, Nira, and Jens Forster. 2006. “Inferences from Decision Difficulty.” Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 42(May): 290 - 301.
March, James G. 1978. “Bounded Rationality, Ambiguity, and the Engineering of Choice.” Bell
Journal of Economics and Management Science, 9(Autumn): 587-606.
MacDonald, Paul K. 2003. “Useful Fiction or Miracle Maker: The Competing Epistemological
Foundations of Rational Choice Theory.” American Political Science Review,
97(November): 551-566.
Nisbett, R.E., and Ross, L. 1980. Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social
Judgment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Payne, J.W., Bettman, J.R., and Johnson, E.J. 1992. “Behavioral Decision Research: A
Constructive Processing Perspective.” Annual Review of Psychology, 43, 87-131.
Scholten, Lotte, Dean van Knippenberg, Bernard A. Nijstad, and Carsten K.W. De Dreu. 2007.
“Motivated Information Processing and Group Decision-Making: Effects of Process
Accountability on Information Processing and Decision Quality.” Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 43(July): 539 - 552.
Slovic, P. 1995. “The Construction of Preference.” American Psychologist, 50 (5), 364-371.
Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., and Lichtenstein, S. 1977. “Behavioral Decision Theory.” Annual
Review of Psychology, 28, 1-39.
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Strack, Fritz, and Thomas Mussweiler. 1997. “Explaining the Enigmatic Anchoring Effect:
Mechanisms of Selective Accessibility.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
73(September): 437-446.
Trope, Yaacov, and Eric Pl Thompson. 1997. “Looking for Truth in All the Wrong Places?
Asymmetric Search of Individuating Information About Stereotyped Group Members.”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(August): 229-241.
Tversky, A., and Kahneman, D. 1974. “Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases.”
Science, 185, 1124-1131.
Tversky, A., and Kahneman, D. 1981. “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of
Choice.” Science, 211, 453-463.
Tversky, A., and Kahneman, D. 1986. “Rational Choice and the Framing of Decisions.” Journal
of Business, 59, S251-S278.
Wilson, Carole J. 2008. “Consideration Sets and Political Choices: A Heterogeneous Model of
Vote Choice and Sub-national Party Strength.” Political Behavior, 30(June): 161 - 184.
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Date
Nov. 23
Reading:
Topic
Political Applications of Decision Theory
Lau, Richard R., and David P. Redlawsk. 2006. How Voters Decide:
Information Processing During Election Campaigns. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Sokhey, Anand Edward, and Scott D. McClurg. 2012. “Social Networks and
Correct Voting.” Journal of Politics, 74(July): 751 - 764.
Mintz, Alex, Nehemia Geva, Steven B Redd, and Amy Carnes. 1997. “The Effect
of Dynamic and Static Choice Sets on Political Decision Making: An
Analysis Using the Decision Board Platform.” American Political
Science Review, 91(September): 553-566.
Boldero, Jennifer M., and E. Tory Higgins. 2011. “Regulatory Focus and
Political Decision Making: When People Favor Reform Over the Status
Quo.” Political Psychology, 32(June): 399 - 418.
Optional:
Allison, Graham T. 1971. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. Boston:
Little, Brown.
Allison, Graham T., and Philip D. Zelikow. 1999. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban
Missile Crisis (2nd edition). New York: Longman.
Arceneaux, Kevin. 2012. “Cognitive Biases and the Strength of Political Arguments.”
American Journal of Political Science, 56(April): 271 - 285.
Badredine, Arfi. 2005. “Fuzzy Decision Making in Politics: A Linguistic Fuzzy-Set Approach
(LFSA).” Political Analysis, 13(Winter): 23-56.
Bailey, Michael A., and Forrest Maltzman. 2008. “Does Legal Doctrine Matter? Unpacking
Law and Policy Preferences on the U.S. Supreme Court.” American Political Science
Review, 102(August): 369 - 384.
Banducci, Susan A., Jeffrey A. Karp, Michael Thrasher, and Colin Rallings. 2008. “Ballot
Photographs as Cues in Low-Information Elections.” Political Psychology,
29(December): 903 - 918.
Barker, David C., and Susan B. Hansen. 2005. “All Things Considered: Cognitive Processing
and Electoral Decision-making.” Journal of Politics, 67(May): 319 - 344.
Baum, Matthew A., and Angela S. Jamison. 2006. “The Oprah Effect: How Soft News Helps
Inattentive Citizens Vote Consistently.” Journal of Politics, 68(November): 946 - 959.
Bendor, Jonathan 1995. A model of muddling through. American Political Science Review, 89,
819-840.
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Bendor, Jonathan, and Hammond, T.H. 1992. Rethinking Allison's models. American Political
Science Review, 86, 301-322.
Bendor, Jonathan, Terry M. Moe, and Kenneth W. Shotts. 2001. “Recycling the Garbage Can:
An Assessment of the Research Program.” American Political Science Review,
95(March): 169 - 190.
Berejikian, J. 1992. Revolutionary collective action and the agent-structure problem. American
Political Science Review, 86, 647-658.
Berejikian, Jeffrey D. 2002. “Model Building with Prospect Theory: A Cognitive Approach to
International Relations.” Political Psychology, 23(December): 759 - 786.
Berejikian, Jeffrey D., and Bryan R. Early. 2013. “Loss Aversion and Foreign Policy Resolve.”
Political Psychology, 34(October): 649 - 672.
Boettcher III, William A. 2004. “The Prospects for Prospect Theory: An Empirical Evaluation of
International Relations Applications of Framing and Loss Aversion.” Political
Psychology, 25(June): 331-362.
Boldero, Jennifer M., and E. Tory Higgins. 2011. “Regulatory Focus and Political Decision
Making: When People Favor Reform Over the Status Quo.” Political Psychology,
32(June): 399 - 418. Relevant to Sopher project ...
Boudreau, Cheryl. 2009. “Making Citizens Smart: When Do Institutions Improve
Unsophisticated Citizens’ Decisions?” Political Behavior, 31(June): 287 - 206.
Boudreau, Cheryl, and Scott A. MacKenzie. 2014. “Informing the Electorate? How Party Cues
and Policy Information Affect Public Opinion about Initiatives.” American Journal of
Political Science, 58(January): 48 - 62.
Boudreau, Cheryl, and Mathew D. McCubbins. 2010. “The Blind Leading the Blind: Who Gets
Polling Information and Does It Improve Decisions?” Journal of Politics, 72(April): 513
- 527.
Boucher, R.L., Jr., and Segal, J.A. 1995. “Supreme Court Justices as strategic decision makers:
Aggressive grants and defensive denials on the Vinson Court.” Journal of Politics, 57,
824-837.
Boyd, Christina L., Lee Epstein, and Andrew D. Martin. 2010. “Untangling the Causal Effects
of Sex on Judging.” American Journal of Political Science, 54(April): 389 - 410.
Braman, Eileen. 2006. “Reasoning on the Threshold: Testing the Separability of Preferences in
Legal Decision Making.” Journal of Politics, 68(May): 308 - 321.
Bueno de Mesquita, B. 2004. “Decision-Making Models, Rigor and New Puzzles.” European
Union Politics, 5(March): 125-138.
Bueno de Mesquita B., and Rose McDermott. 2004. “Crossing No Mans Land: Cooperation
From the Trenches.” Political Psychology, 25(April): 271-287.
Collins, Paul M., Jr. 2008. “The Consistency of Judicial Choice.” Journal of Politics, 70(July):
861 - 873.
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Coronel, Jason C., Melissa C. Duff, David E. Warren, Kara D. Federmeier, Brian D. Gonsalves,
Daniel Tranel, and Neal J. Cohen. 2012. “Remembering and Voting: Theory and
Evidence from Amnesic Patients.” American Journal of Political Science, 56(October):
837 - 848.
Cutler, Fred. 2002. “The Simplest Shortcut of All: Sociodemographic Characteristics and
Electoral Choice.” Journal of Politics, 64(May): 466 - 490.
Ditonto, Tessa M., Allison J. Hamilton, and David P. Redlawsk. 2014. “Gender Stereotypes,
Information Search, and Voting Behavior in Political Campaigns.” Political Behavior,
36(June): 335 - 358.
Druckman, James N. 2004. Political Preference Formation: Competition, Deliberation, and the
(Ir)relevance of Framing Effects.” American Political Science Review, 98(November):
671-686.
Druckman, James N., Jordan Fein, and Thomas J. Leeper. 2012. “A Source of Bias in Public
Opinion Stability.” American Political Science Review, 106(May): 430 - 455.
Druckman, James N., and Rose McDermott. 2008. “Emotion and the Framing of Risky
Choice.” Political Behavior, 30(September): 297 - 322.
Elms, D.K. 2004. “Large Costs, Small Benefits: Explaining Trade Dispute Outcomes.” Political
Psychology, 25(April): 241-270.
Epstein, Lee, Rene Lindstadt, Jeffrey A. Segal, and Chad Westerland. 2006. “The Changing
Dynamics of Senate Voting on Supreme Court Nominees.” Journal of Politics, 68(May):
296 - 307.
Erisen, Elif, and Cengiz Erisen. 2012. “The Effect of Social Networks on the Quality of
Political Thinking.” Political Psychology, 33(December): 839 - 866. #correct voting
Etheredge, Lloyd S. 1992. “Wisdom and Good Judgment in Politics.” Political Psychology,
13(September): 497 - 516.
Fania, Maria. 2004. “Collective Action Meets Prospect theory: An Application to Coalition
Building in Chile, 1973-75.” Political Psychology, 25(June): 363-388.
Gaines, Brian J., James H. Kuklinski, Paul J. Quirk, Buddy Peyton, and Jay Verkuilen. 2007.
“Same Facts, Different Interpretations: Partisan Motivation and Opinion on Iraq.”
Journal of Politics, 69(November): 957 - 974.
Garrison, Jean A. 2001. “Framing Foreign Policy Alternatives in the Inner Circle: The President,
His Advisors, and the Struggle for the Arms Control Agenda.” Political Psychology,
22(December): 775 - 808.
Giles, Michael W., Thomas G. Walker, and Christopher Zorn. 2006. “Setting a Judicial Agenda:
The Decision to Grant En banc Review in the U.S. Courts of Appeals.” Journal of
Politics, 68(November): 852 - 866.
Glaser, James M. 2002. “White Voters, Black Schools: Structuring Racial Choices with a
Checklist Ballot.” American Journal of Political Science, 46(January): 35 - 46.
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Griffin, Dana R.B. 2010. “Citizens, Representatives, and the Myth of the Decision-Making
Divide.” Political Behavior, 35(June): 261 - 288.
Hafner-Burton, Emilie M., D. Alex Hughes, and David G. Victor. 2013. “The Cognitive
Revolution and the Political Psychology of Elite Decision Making.” Perspective on
Politics, 11(June): 368 - 386.
Helmke, Gretchen, and Mitchell S. Sanders. 2006. “Modeling Motivations: A Method for
Inferring Judicial Goals from Behavior.” Journal of Politics, 68(November): 867 - 878.
Herstein, John A. 1981. “Keeping the Voter's Limits in Mind: A Cognitive Process Analysis of
Decision Making in Voting.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 843861.
Huang, Li-Ning, and Vincent Price. 2001. “Motivation, Goals, Information Search, and Memory
about Political Candidates.” Political Psychology, 22(December): 665 - 692.
Huber, Gregory A., Seth J. Hill, and Gabriel S. Lenz. 2012. “Sources of Bias in Retrospective
Decision Making: Experimental Evidence on Voters’ Limitations in Controlling
Incumbents.” American Political Science Review, 106(November): 703 - 719.
Huckfeldt, Robert. 2001. “The Social Communication of Political Expertise.” American Journal
of Political Science, 45(April): 425 - 439.
Janis, I.L., and Mann, L. 1977. Decision Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict, Choice,
and Commitment. New York: Free Press.
Jervis, Robert. 1976. Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press.
Jervis, Robert. 1980. Political decision making: Recent contributions. Political Psychology, 1,
86-101.
Jervis, Robert. 1986. “Representativeness in Foreign Policy Judgments.” Political Psychology,
7(September): 483 -505.
Jervis, Robert. 2004. “The Implications of Prospect Theory for Human Nature and Values.”
Political Psychology, 25(April): 163-176.
Johnson, Timothy R., Paul J. Wahlbeck and James F. Spriggs, II. 2006. “The Influence of Oral
Arguments on the U.S. Supreme Court.” American Political Science Review, 100
(February): 99 - 114.
Kam, Cindy D. 2006. “Political Campaigns and Open-Minded Thinking.” Journal of Politics,
68(November): 931 - 945. [Relevant to 4 Models]
Kam, Cindy D. 2012. “Risk Attitudes and Political Participation.” American Journal of
Political Science, 56(October): 817 - 836.
Kam, Cindy D., and Elizabeth N. Simas. 2010. “Risk Orientations and Policy Frames.” Journal
of Politics, 72(April): 381 - 396.
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Kam, Cindy D., and Elizabeth N. Simas. 2012. “Risk Attitudes, Candidate Characteristics, and
Vote Choice.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 76(Winter): 747 - 760.
Kanner, M.D. 2004. “Framing and the Role of the Second Actor: An Application of Prospect
Theory to Bargaining.” Political Psychology, 25(April): 213-239.
Kaw, M. 1990. Choosing sides: Testing a political proximity model. American Journal of
Political Science, 34, 441-470.
Keck, Thomas M. 2007. “Party, Policy, or Duty: Why Does the Supreme Court Invalidate
Federal Statutes?” American Political Science Review, 101(May): 321 - 338.
Keller, Jonathan W. 2005. “Constraint Respecters, Constraint Challengers, and Crisis Decision
Making in Democracies: A Case Study Analysis of Kennedy versus Reagan.” Political
Psychology, 26(December): 835 - 868.
Kinne, Brandon J. 2005. “Decision Making in Autocratic Regimes: A Poliheuristic
Perspective.” International Studies Perspectives, 6(February): 114-128.
Kruglanski, Arie W. 1992. “On Methods of Good Judgment and Good Methods of Judgment:
Political Decisions and the Art of the Possible. Political Psychology, 13(September): 455
- 476.
Kuklinski, James H., Paul J. Quirk, Jennifer Jerit, and Robert R. Rich. 2001. “The Political
Environment and Citizen Decision Making: Information, Motivation, and Policy
Tradeoffs.” American Journal of Political Science, 45(April): 410 - 424.
Lau, Richard R. 1995. “Information Search During an Election Campaign: Introducing a
Processing-Tracing Methodology for Political Scientists.” In Milton Lodge and Kathleen
M. McGraw, eds. Political Judgment: Structure and Process (pp. 179 - 206). Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press.
Lau, Richard R., David J., Andersen, and David P. Redlawsk. 2008. “An Exploration of Correct
Voting in Recent U.S. Presidential Elections.” American Journal of Political Science,
52(April): 395 - 411.
Lau, Richard R., and Levy, Jack S. 1998. “Contributions of Behavioral Decision Theory to
Research in Political Science.” Applied Psychology: An International Review,
47(January): 29 - 44.
Lau, Richard R. and David P. Redlawsk. 1997. "Voting Correctly." American Political Science
Review, 91(September): 585-599.
Lau, Richard R., and David P. Redlawsk. 2001. “Advantages and Disadvantages of Using
Cognitive Heuristics in Political Decision Making.” American Journal of Political
Science, 45(October): 951 - 971.
Lebo, Matthew J., and Daniel Cassino. 2007. “The Aggregated Consequences of Motivated
Reasoning and the Dynamics of Partisan Presidential Approval.” Political Psychology,
28(December): 719 - 746.
Levy, Jack S. 1992. “Introduction to Prospect Theory.” Political Psychology, 13, 171-186.
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Levy, Jack S. 1992. “Prospect Theory and International Relations: Theoretical Applications and
Analytical Problems.” Political Psychology, 13(June): 283-310.
Little, A.C., R. P. Burriss, B.C. Jones, and S.C. Roberts. 2007. “Facial Appearance Affects
Voting Decisions.” Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(1)” 18 - 27.
Lupia, Arthur, and Matthew D. McCubbins. 1998. The Democratic Dilemma: Can Citizens
Learn What They Need to Know? New York: Cambridge University Press.
McDermott, Rose. 1998. Risk Taking in International Relations. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
McDermott, Rose. 2004. “Prospect Theory in Political Science: Gains and Losses From the First
Decade.” Political Psychology, 25(April): 289-312.
McKeown, Timothy J. 2001. “Plans and Routines, Bureaucratic Bargaining, and the Cuban
Missile Crisis.” Journal of Politics, 63(November): 1163 - 1190.
Mefford, D. 1990. Case-based reasoning, legal reasoning, and the study of politics. Political
Behavior, 12, 125-158.
Mintz, Alex. 2005. “Applied Decision Analysis: Utilizing Poliheuristic Theory to Explain and
Predict Foreign Policy and National Security Decisions.” International Studies
Perspectives, 6(February): 94-98.
Mintz, Alex, Nehemia Geva, Steven B Redd, and Amy Carnes. 1997. “The Effect of Dynamic
and Static Choice Sets on Political Decision Making: An Analysis Using the Decision
Board Platform.” American Political Science Review, 91(September): 553-566.
Morgan, T.C. 1990. Issue linkages in international crisis bargaining. American Journal of
Political Science, 34, 311-333.
Nicholson, Stephen P. 2012. “Polarizing Cues.” American Journal of Political Science,
56(January): 52 - 66.
Olsen, Johan P. 2001. “Garbage Cans, New Institutionalism, and the Study of Politics.”
American Political Science Review, 95(March): 191 - 198.
Pang, Xun, Barry Friedman, Andrew D. Martin, and Kevin M. Quinn. 2012. “Endogenous
Jurisprudential Regimes.” Political Analysis, 20(Autumn): 417 - 436.
Redlawsk, David P. 2002. “Hot Cognition or Cool Consideration: Testing the Effects of
Motivated Reasoning on Political Decision Making.” Journal of Politics, 64(November):
1021 - 1044.
Renshon, Stanley A. 1992. “The Psychology of Good Judgment: A Preliminary Model with
Some Applications to the Gulf War.” Political Psychology, 13(September): 477 - 496.
Richards, Mark J., and Herbert M. Kritzer. 2002. “Jurisprudential Regimes in Supreme Court
Decision Making.” American Political Science Review, 96(June): 305 - 320.
Riggle, E.D.B., and Johnson, M.M.S. 1996. “Age differences in political decision making:
Strategies for evaluating political candidates.” Political Behavior, 18, 99-118.
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Sabloff, P.L.W. 1995. The decision process of a professionalized legislature: A cognitive
anthropology approach. Political Behavior, 17, 403-432.
Sauermann, Jan, and Andre Kaiser, 2010. “Taking Others into Account: Self-Interest and
Fairness in Majority Decision Making.” American Journal of Political Science,
54(July): 667 - 685.
Schaub, Jr., Gary. 2004. “Deterrence, Compellence, and Prospect Theory.” Political Psychology,
25(June): 389-411.
Scholz, John T. 1998. “Trust and Taxpaying: Testing the Heuristic Approach to Collective
Action.” American Journal of Political Science, 42(April): 398-417.
Schrodt, P.A. 1990. Parallel event sequences in international crises. Political Behavior, 12,
97-124.
Segal, J.A., Epstein, L., Cameron, C.M., and Spaeth, H.J. 1995. “Ideological values and the
votes of U.S. Supreme Clourt Justices revisited.” Journal of Politics, 57, 812-823.
Simon, Herbert A. 1985. “Human Nature in Politics: The Dialogue of Psychology with Political
Science.” American Political Science Review, 79(June): 293-304.
Songer, D.R., Cameron, C.M., and Segal, J.A. 1995. An empirical test of the rational-actor
theory of litigation. Journal of Politics, 57, 1119-1129.
Soroka, Stuart N. 2006. “Good News and Bad News: Asymmetric Responses to Economic
Information.” Journal of Politics, 68(May): 372 - 385. See also negativity.
Stroh, Patrick K. 1995. “Voters as Pragmatic Cognitive Misers: The Accuracy-Effort Trade-off
in the Candidate Evaluation Process.” In Milton Lodge and Kathleen M. McGraw, eds.
Political Judgment: Structure and Process (pp. 207 - 228). Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
Suedfeld, Peter. 1992. “Cognitive Managers and Their Critics.” Political Psychology,
13(September): 435 - 454.
Sulkin, Tracy, and Nathaniel Swigger. 2008. “Is there Truth in Advertising? Campaign Ad
Images as Signals about Legislative Behavior.” Journal of Politics, 70(January): 232 244.
Sylvan, D.A., Goel, A., and Chandrasekaran, B. 1990. “Analyzing political decision making from
an information-processing perspective: JESSE.” American Journal of Political Science,
34, 74-123.
Taliaferro, J.W. 2004. “Power Politics and the Balance of Risk: Hypotheses on Great Power
Intervention in the Periphery.” Political Psychology, 25(April): 177-211.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1992. “Good Judgment in International Politics: Three Psychological
Perspectives.” Political Psychology, 13(September): 517 - 540.
Tetlock, Philip E. 1998. “Close-Call Counterfactuals and Belief-System Defenses: I Was Not
Almost Wrong But I Was Almost Right.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
75 (September): 639-652.
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Tetlock, Philip E. 2002. “Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive
Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors.” Psychological Review, 109(3): 451 - 471.
Tetlock, Philip E. 2005. Expert Political Judgment: How Good Is it? How Can We Know?
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Vertzberger, Yaacov Y.I. 1998. Risk Taking and Decisionmaking: Foreign Military
Intervention Decisions. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Walker, Stephen J. 1995. “Psychodynamic Processes and Framing Effects in Foreign Policy
Decision-Making: Woodrow Wilson’s Operational Code.” Political Psychology,
16(December): 697-717.
Yates, Jeff. 1999. “Presidential Bureaucratic Power and Supreme Count Justice Voting.”
Political Behavior, 21 (December): 349-366.
Zink, James R., James F. Spriggs II, and John T. Scott. 2009. “Courting the Public: The
Influence of Decision Attributes on Individual’s Views of Court Opinions.” Journal of
Politics, 71(July): 909 - 925.
Zorn, Christopher., and Jennifer Barnes Bowie. 2010. “Ideological Influences on Decision
Making in the Federal Judicial Hierarchy: An Empirical Assessment.” Journal of
Politics, 72 (October): 1212 - 1221.
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Date
Topic
Nov. 30
VII. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY AND GENETIC INFLUENCES
Reading:
Sidanius, Jim, and Robert Kurzban. 2013. “Toward an Evolutionarily Informed
Political Psychology.” Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 7.
Funk, Carolyn L. 2013. “Genetic Foundations of Political Behavior.” Oxford
Handbook of Political Psychology, Ch. 8.
Alford, John R., Carolyn L. Funk, and John R. Hibbing. 2005. “Are Political
Orientations Genetically Transmitted?” American Political Science
Review, 99(May): 153 - 168.
Smirnov, Oleg, Holly Arrow, Douglas Kennett, and John Orbell. 2007. “Ancestral
War and the Evolutionary Origins of ‘Heroism’.” Journal of Politics,
69(November): 927 - 940.
Hatemi, Peter K. 2013. “The Influence of Major Life Events on Economics
Attitudes in a World of Gene-Environment Interplay.” American Journal
of Political Science, 57(October): 987 - 1007.
Petersen, Michael Bang. 2012. “Social Welfare as Small-Scale Help:
Evolutionary Psychology and the Deservingness Heuristic.” American
Journal of Political Science, 56(January): 1 - 16.
I want someone (or ones) to do their annotated bibliography on either of these new books:
Hatemi, Peter K., and Rose McDermott (Eds.). 2011. Man Is by Nature a Political Animal.
Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Marcus, George E. 2013. Political Psychology: Neuroscience, Genetics, and Politics. New
York: Oxford University Press.
Optional:
[See: Entire issue of Political Psychology, 2012, 33(June)]
Alford, John R., Carolyn L. Funk, and John R. Hibbing. 2008. “Beyond Liberals and
Conservatives to Political Genotypes and Phenotypes.” Perspectives on Politics, 6(June):
321 - 328.
Alford, John R., Carolyn L. Funk, and John R. Hibbing. 2008. “Twin Studies, Molecular
Genetics, Politics, and Tolerance: A Response to Beckwith and Morris.” Perspectives on
Politics, 6(December): 793-797.
Alford, John R., Peter K. Hatemi, John R. Hibbing, Nicholas G. Martin, and Lindon J. Eaves.
2011. “The Politics of Mate Choice.” Journal of Politics, 73(April): 362 - 379.
Alford, John R., and John R. Hibbing. 2004. “The Origin of Politics: An Evolutionary Theory of
Political Behavior.” Perspective on Politics, 2(December): 707 - 724.
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Date
Dec. 7
Reading:
NEW
Topic
CLASS SUMMARY
Krosnick, Jon A., Penny S. Visser, and Joshua Harder. 2010. “The Psychological
Underpinnings of Political Behavior.” In Susan T. Fiske, Daniel T. Gilbert,
and Gardner Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology (5th edition,
Volume 2, Chapter 34, pp 1288 - 1342). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley &
Sons.
Student Presentations
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