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BUDDHISM
FOUNDER
 Siddhartha Gautama
(Gautama Buddha) was
the founder of
Buddhism and was born
in present day Nepal.
 Siddhartha was born in
a royal Hindu family
and would have had
several roles as a Prince
in his community.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF FOUNDING
After forty-nine days of meditation
Gautama Buddha was awakened, otherwise
known as reaching enlightenment.
After reaching enlightenment, under a
Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya India, he promised
to spread the knowledge he just learned
about how to end suffering.
SYMBOLS
 The eight-spoked wheel
symbolizes the Buddha’s turning
of the Wheel of Truth or Law.
 There are eight spokes to
reference the Noble Eightfold
Path of Buddhism, which is the
path Buddhists believe can end
suffering in their lives.
This path involves becoming
more wise, righteous, and
thoughtful in life.
SYMBOLS
 The Bodhi Tree symbolizes the
reaching of enlightenment,
because under this tree
Siddhartha Gautama reached
enlightenment for the first time.
 Reaching enlightenment is one
of the greatest single
achievements a Buddhist can
reach.
SYMBOLS
 The throne refers to Siddhartha Gautama’s royal ancestry. The throne
also presents the idea that enlightenment is the pinnacle of the spirtual
world. The lion is a symbol for power, integrity, and strength in the
Buddhism religion.
DEITY'S NAME
 Buddhists, for the most part, argue
strongly against the principle of an all
powerful deity.
 Siddhartha Gautama was the founder
of Buddhism and is considered the
leader of the Buddhists, but he was
never considered to be
omnipotent.
LOCATION OF ORIGIN
 Buddhism was founded in
the subcontinent of India.
The specific region of the
first teachings of
Buddhism was in a village
in Northern India called
Sarnath.
MAJOR LOCATIONS TODAY
 Buddhism is popular in several nations all throughout southern Asia.
Buddhism is most commonly practiced in India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Cambodia,
Thailand,Vietnam, Laos, North and South Korea, China, and Japan.
NUMBER OF FOLLOWERS
 There are
around
376,000,000
Buddhist
followers
world-wide
today.
 This is the
most amount
of followers
Buddhism
has ever had.
WHY RELIGION SPREAD
 The religion started in
India after Siddhartha
Gautama reached
enlightenment, but
quickly was replaced in
India by Hinduism.
WHY RELIGION SPREAD
Gautama never stopped preaching the principles and
many helped spread Buddhism. Chinese citizens who
had endured a very strict and militant central
government identified with the Buddhist message
of self reliance and no central power.
HOLY BOOK/IMPORTANT TEXTS
 Buddhists simply did not
write down their sacred
principles like many
other religions.
 Buddhists were taught
the Noble Eightfold Path
and the Noble Four
Truths which were used
to help reach
enlightenment and end
suffering.
PLACE OF WORSHIP
Buddhists worship and meditate in a temple known
as a Vihara.
It originally meant "a secluded place in which to
walk", and referred to "dwellings" or "refuges" used
by wandering monks during the rainy season.
PLACE OF WORSHIP
ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN
Buddhists did not discuss gender equality very
much but based off of their other principles
women were probably not treated poorly.
The only way to reach Nirvana, which was the
main goal of all Buddhists, was to be righteous in
your actions, so there was no room to abuse
women.
HOLY SITES
Lumbini
Where Siddhartha (Gautama Buddha) was born and located in present-day Nepal
Bodhgaya
Bodh Gaya is a religious site and place of pilgrimage associated with the
Mahabodhi Temple Complex in Gaya district in the Indian state of Bihar.
Sarnath
Sarnath is a city located 13 kilometres north-east of Varanasi near the confluence of the
Ganges and the Varuna rivers in Uttar Pradesh, India.
HOLIDAYS
 The Buddhist New Year
 Celebrated at different times of year based on
country’s calendar or if country is primarily
Theravadin or Mahayan.
 Vesak
 Celebrates the birth, enlightenment , and death
of the Buddha.
 Celebrated in May (or in June on leap years)
 Magha Puja Day
 Celebrates a day of the Buddha’s teachings when
1,250 of his disciples gathered to pay respect to him.
 Uposatha
 Celebrated on days with new moons, full moons, and quarter moons
 Celebrated only by Theravadin Buddhists.
HOLIDAYS
 Loy Krathong
 Celebrated in Thailand when rivers and canals
are full of water.
 People place flowers, candles, and incense in
the water to expel misfortune.
 The Ploughing Festival
 Celebrates the Buddha’s first moment of enlightenment.
 Aslha Puja Day
 Celebrated on the eighth month of the lunar calendar.
 Celebrates the first day of the Buddha’s teaching.
MAJOR BELIEFS: CREATION STORY
Eternal life cycle of reincarnation.
MAJOR BELIEFS: END TIMES STORY
 Death leads to rebirth into a new life.
 All events in life is a consequence of actions
done in the past life (Karma)
 Cycle of Rebirth is escaped only by
achieving Nirvana.
 Nirvana: unborn, uncreated,
unformed – achieved by ultimate purity of
life.
Siddha-Shila – where liberated souls reside
(Hinduism, representative of Buddhist Nirvana)
The Four Noble Truths
 All life is marked by suffering.
 Suffering is caused by desire
and attachment.
 Suffering can be stopped.
 The way to end suffering is to
follow the Noble Eightfold Path.
INFLUENCE ON ART AND
ARCHITECTURE
Buddhists had many symbols to
represent their different beliefs.
These symbols inspired a great
deal of religious art that is still
cherished to this day.
The slanted roofs of the Viharas
would become a common fixture
in Asian building design.