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32
Chemistry HELP-SHEET
STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM
Definition
When compounds having the
SAME MOLECULAR FORMULA
but
DIFFERENT STRUCTURAL FORMULA
Chain
• different arrangements of the carbon skeleton
• similar chemical properties
• slightly different physical properties
• more branching = lower boiling point
butane
Positional
2-methylpropane
• same carbon skeleton
Br
• same functional group
Br
• functional group is in a different position
• similar properties
1-bromopropane
pent-1-ene
Functional
Group
2-bromopropane
pent-2-ene
• different functional group
• different chemical properties
• different physical properties
O
O
ethanol
ALCOHOL
methoxymethane
ETHER
• Examples
ALCOHOLS - ETHERS
ALDEHYDES - KETONES
O
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS - ESTERS
O
propanal
ALDEHYDE
propanone
KETONE
O
O
O
O
propanoic acid
CARBOXYLIC
ACID
methyl ethanoate
ESTER
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