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Hormones
Hormone Classification
Hormones
Steroids
Cholesterol
Amines
Peptides
Thyroxine
Progesterone
Testosterone
Estrogen
Adrenaline
Insulin
Steroids
• Lipids w/ four fused rings
• Cholesterol – a steroid with an alcohol
H3C
H3C
H3C
HO
CH3
H3C
Cholesterol
H3C
H3C
H3C
HO
H3C
H3C
CH3
H3C
Cholesterol
OH
O
H3C
H3C
HO
O
Progesterone
H3C
Estrogen
O
Testosterone
OH
Endocrine System
Hypothalmus (brain)
Pituitary Gland (base of brain)
Thyroid
Testes/Ovaries
Adrenal Cortex
Pancreas
Hormone Uses
Hormone Production
Role
Insulin
Pancreas
Decreases blood glucoes level;
increases glucose and amino
acid uptake and use by cells
Adrenaline
Adrenal
Cortex
(near
kidneys)
Responsible for the flight or fight
response; goose bumps,
increase heart rate, blood
pressure. Affects rate of glucose
release from liver
Thyroxine
Thyroid
Gland
Regulates metabolism
Other
Hormone Uses
Sex
Hormone
Prod- Role
uction
Androgen
(testosterone)
Testes
Development and
maintenance of male
reproductive system
Estrogen
(estradiol)
Ovaries
Same as above for females
Progestin
Ovaries
(Progesterone)
Prepare and maintain uterus,
help developing embryo
Other
Oral Contraceptives
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FSH and LH are messengers from the pituitary gland
that control the female reproductive cycle.
The secretion of FSH and LH can be controlled by the
amount of estrogen and progesterone present
Without FSH and LH, ovulation (release of egg from
ovary) cannot occur.
This is how oral contraceptives work – pill is mixture of
estrogen and progesterone that work to prevent
release of FSH and LH from pituitary gland and
thereby prevent ovulation.
No ovulation = no egg in uterus = no baby.